{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4311215096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967147","title":"Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer Modeling with a Re-configurable DAC Evaluation for Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy","display_name":"Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer Modeling with a Re-configurable DAC Evaluation for Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4311215096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967147"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967147","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604906","display_name":"2022 IEEE Sensors","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Sensors","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112441051","display_name":"Amr Farouk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amr Farouk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ain shams University,Electronics and Communications Engineering Department,Cairo,Egypt","Electronics and Communications Engineering Department, Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ain shams University,Electronics and Communications Engineering Department,Cairo,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communications Engineering Department, Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026057778","display_name":"Ahmed Naguib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4506-9445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100308","display_name":"Military Technical College","ror":"https://ror.org/01337pb37","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100308"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Naguib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Military Technical College,Electronic Engineering Department,Cairo,Egypt","Electronic Engineering Department, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Military Technical College,Electronic Engineering Department,Cairo,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Engineering Department, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100308"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008452177","display_name":"Islam Mostafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6591-5338"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Islam Mostafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Munich,Germany,80333"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Munich,Germany,80333","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111972259","display_name":"Mohamed Dessouky","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Dessouky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ain shams University,Electronics and Communications Engineering Department,Cairo,Egypt","Electronics and Communications Engineering Department, Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ain shams University,Electronics and Communications Engineering Department,Cairo,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communications Engineering Department, Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112441051"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9641,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73129149,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-digital-synthesizer","display_name":"Direct digital synthesizer","score":0.8642163872718811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-harmonic-distortion","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","score":0.7113490104675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric-spectroscopy","display_name":"Dielectric spectroscopy","score":0.6556379199028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matlab","display_name":"MATLAB","score":0.5505384206771851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonics","display_name":"Harmonics","score":0.5431643128395081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-to-analog-converter","display_name":"Digital-to-analog converter","score":0.542573094367981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.5329984426498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5098847150802612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5012805461883545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.4211130738258362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-synthesizer","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","score":0.3993687033653259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.31204748153686523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18805968761444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1879078447818756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.1772816777229309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16630509495735168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrochemistry","display_name":"Electrochemistry","score":0.15571218729019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.14526256918907166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.1308729648590088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.09726804494857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.0857374370098114}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166089067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227465","display_name":"Direct digital synthesizer","level":5,"score":0.8642163872718811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42156128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162641","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","level":3,"score":0.7113490104675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7040849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899580","display_name":"Dielectric spectroscopy","level":4,"score":0.6556379199028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169478","display_name":"MATLAB","level":2,"score":0.5505384206771851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188414643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001183","display_name":"Harmonics","level":3,"score":0.5431643128395081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779879419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210863","display_name":"Digital-to-analog converter","level":3,"score":0.542573094367981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.5329984426498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5098847150802612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5012805461883545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.4211130738258362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182099602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660678","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","level":4,"score":0.3993687033653259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.31204748153686523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18805968761444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1879078447818756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.1772816777229309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16630509495735168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7877","display_name":"Electrochemistry","level":3,"score":0.15571218729019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.14526256918907166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.1308729648590088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.09726804494857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.0857374370098114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967147","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604906","display_name":"2022 IEEE Sensors","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Sensors","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1123162562","https://openalex.org/W2118902492","https://openalex.org/W2146970019","https://openalex.org/W2155732501","https://openalex.org/W2164621514","https://openalex.org/W2171731774","https://openalex.org/W2289348917","https://openalex.org/W2621795281","https://openalex.org/W2942833153","https://openalex.org/W2943048238","https://openalex.org/W3150000069","https://openalex.org/W3192355450","https://openalex.org/W4301627548","https://openalex.org/W6618515219","https://openalex.org/W6685040928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2166555237","https://openalex.org/W2622028395","https://openalex.org/W2161572852","https://openalex.org/W4386197759","https://openalex.org/W2389258116","https://openalex.org/W2393010087","https://openalex.org/W2015962950","https://openalex.org/W3035420365","https://openalex.org/W4200374561","https://openalex.org/W2087722618"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"wide":[1],"range":[2,80],"Direct":[3],"Digital":[4],"frequency":[5,69,79],"synthesizer":[6],"(DDS)":[7],"is":[8],"considered":[9],"as":[10,53],"an":[11,77],"important":[12],"component":[13],"that":[14,48],"used":[15,51],"in":[16],"measuring":[17],"Electrochemical":[18],"Impedance":[19],"Spectroscopy":[20],"(EIS).":[21],"This":[22],"paper":[23],"introduces":[24],"a":[25,31,41,61,89,96],"DDS":[26,75],"complete":[27],"system":[28],"design":[29],"using":[30,88],"Matlab":[32],"model.":[33],"In":[34],"addition,":[35],"It":[36,94],"presents":[37],"the":[38],"usage":[39],"of":[40],"re-configurable":[42],"digital":[43],"to":[44,84],"analog":[45],"converter":[46],"(DAC)":[47],"can":[49],"be":[50],"either":[52],"single":[54],"bit":[55],"delta":[56],"sigma":[57],"(\u0394\u2211)":[58],"DAC":[59],"or":[60],"binary-weighted":[62],"DAC,":[63],"for":[64],"both":[65],"low":[66],"and":[67],"high":[68],"generation":[70],"ranges":[71],"respectively.":[72],"The":[73],"designed":[74],"generates":[76],"output":[78],"from":[81],"762.933":[82],"Hz":[83],"10":[85],"MHz":[86],"by":[87],"physical":[90],"8":[91],"bits":[92],"DAC.":[93],"achieves":[95],"total":[97],"harmonics":[98],"distortion":[99],"(THD)":[100],"0.02%.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}