{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4310880249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967048","title":"Toward Distributed Fiber Optic Shape Sensing of Continuum Manipulators: A Cost-effective and Simple Manufacturing of Sensor Assembly","display_name":"Toward Distributed Fiber Optic Shape Sensing of Continuum Manipulators: A Cost-effective and Simple Manufacturing of Sensor Assembly","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4310880249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967048"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967048","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604906","display_name":"2022 IEEE Sensors","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Sensors","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112459402","display_name":"Nathan Nguyen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Austin,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Austin,TX,USA","Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Austin,TX,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063230804","display_name":"Morgan E. Parker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2610-8530"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Morgan Parker","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Austin,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Austin,TX,USA","Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Austin,TX,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028686782","display_name":"\u00d6zdemir Can Kara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3717-2570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164117","display_name":"Walker (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hgh7849","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164117"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ozdemir Can Kara","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Austin,Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering,Austin,TX,USA","Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin,Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering,Austin,TX,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309","https://openalex.org/I4210164117"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309","https://openalex.org/I4210164117"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055294307","display_name":"Farshid Alambeigi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6903-5939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164117","display_name":"Walker (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hgh7849","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164117"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farshid Alambeigi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Austin,Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering,Austin,TX,USA","Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin,Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering,Austin,TX,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309","https://openalex.org/I4210164117"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309","https://openalex.org/I4210164117"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112459402"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6445,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6047814,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11301","display_name":"Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fabrication","display_name":"Fabrication","score":0.7206035256385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectometry","display_name":"Reflectometry","score":0.6968255639076233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.6053443551063538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-sensor","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","score":0.5626682043075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-bragg-grating","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","score":0.5581339001655579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.555087149143219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber","display_name":"Fiber","score":0.4717320501804352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curvature","display_name":"Curvature","score":0.441660076379776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.38743773102760315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35753333568573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain","display_name":"Time domain","score":0.18229344487190247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16417762637138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1504482626914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.12226167321205139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08105453848838806}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.7206035256385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778925768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454718","display_name":"Reflectometry","level":3,"score":0.6968255639076233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.6053443551063538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21651689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397427","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","level":3,"score":0.5626682043075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43091971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397391","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","level":3,"score":0.5581339001655579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.555087149143219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519885992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161","display_name":"Fiber","level":2,"score":0.4717320501804352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.441660076379776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.38743773102760315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35753333568573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.18229344487190247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16417762637138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1504482626914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.12226167321205139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08105453848838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967048","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604906","display_name":"2022 IEEE Sensors","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Sensors","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7013397470","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21EB030796","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00372qc85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1586443804","https://openalex.org/W1991847332","https://openalex.org/W2154582057","https://openalex.org/W2539237442","https://openalex.org/W2544641369","https://openalex.org/W2573702495","https://openalex.org/W2588047059","https://openalex.org/W2596309565","https://openalex.org/W2904579232","https://openalex.org/W2910242229","https://openalex.org/W2912013584","https://openalex.org/W2963037044","https://openalex.org/W2971851026","https://openalex.org/W2982459439","https://openalex.org/W3037426978","https://openalex.org/W3091433050","https://openalex.org/W3094186510","https://openalex.org/W3132736524","https://openalex.org/W3139269452","https://openalex.org/W4200404690","https://openalex.org/W4224254274","https://openalex.org/W4285270509","https://openalex.org/W6648344344","https://openalex.org/W6784482725"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2463721724","https://openalex.org/W2349359060","https://openalex.org/W2365148668","https://openalex.org/W2917685425","https://openalex.org/W3216900447","https://openalex.org/W3205454610","https://openalex.org/W2096440838","https://openalex.org/W2025425461","https://openalex.org/W3146793764","https://openalex.org/W2076752731"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"Fiber":[3],"Bragg":[4],"Grating":[5],"(FBG)":[6],"optical":[7],"fibers":[8],"have":[9],"gained":[10],"popularity":[11],"to":[12],"be":[13],"used":[14],"for":[15,24,168],"shape":[16,84],"sensing":[17,44,85],"(SS)":[18],"of":[19,51,55,58,82,90,114,126],"continuum":[20],"manipulators":[21],"(CMs)":[22],"developed":[23],"various":[25],"minimally":[26],"invasive":[27],"surgeries.":[28],"Despite":[29],"their":[30],"benefits,":[31],"arduous,":[32],"time-consuming,":[33],"and":[34,42,65,80,97,105,133,139,148,158],"costly":[35],"fabrication":[36,81,106],"procedure":[37,107],"together":[38],"with":[39],"the":[40,52,67,111,121,124,145,156,169],"limited":[41],"discrete":[43],"nodes":[45],"on":[46],"each":[47],"fiber":[48,94,127],"are":[49],"some":[50],"main":[53],"shortcomings":[54],"FBG-based":[56,115],"SS":[57],"CMs.":[59],"Aiming":[60],"at":[61,128],"addressing":[62],"these":[63],"challenges":[64],"leveraging":[66],"Optical":[68],"Frequency":[69],"Domain":[70],"Reflectometry":[71],"(OFDR)":[72],"technology,":[73],"in":[74],"this":[75],"paper,":[76],"we":[77],"propose":[78],"design":[79],"a":[83,98,129,136],"assembly":[86,146],"(SSA)":[87],"that":[88,143],"consists":[89],"solely":[91],"one":[92],"distributed":[93],"optic":[95],"sensor":[96],"flat":[99],"Nitinol":[100],"wire.":[101],"The":[102],"proposed":[103,170],"SSA":[104],"can":[108],"collectively":[109],"address":[110],"mentioned":[112],"drawbacks":[113],"SSAs":[116],"(i)":[117],"by":[118],"continuously":[119],"measuring":[120],"strain":[122],"along":[123],"length":[125],"very":[130],"high":[131],"resolution,":[132],"(ii)":[134],"offering":[135],"simple,":[137],"cost-efficient,":[138],"repeatable":[140],"manufacturing":[141],"process":[142],"reduces":[144],"time":[147],"improves":[149],"its":[150],"accuracy.":[151],"Performed":[152],"calibration":[153],"experiments":[154],"indicated":[155],"consistent":[157],"robust":[159],"strain-curvature":[160],"relationship":[161],"(R":[162],"<sup":[163],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[164],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[165],"=":[166],"0.99)":[167],"OFDR-SSA.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}