{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200450009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47087.2021.9639806","title":"Development of a Flexible and Conformable EEG Sensors Using 3D Printing Process","display_name":"Development of a Flexible and Conformable EEG Sensors Using 3D Printing Process","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200450009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47087.2021.9639806"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sensors47087.2021.9639806","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47087.2021.9639806","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605007","display_name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019166159","display_name":"Adam Schuhknecht","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adam Schuhknecht","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Advanced Smart Sensors and Structures (CASSS), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Advanced Smart Sensors and Structures (CASSS), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031010377","display_name":"Evan Fadanelli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evan Fadanelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Advanced Smart Sensors and Structures (CASSS), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Advanced Smart Sensors and Structures (CASSS), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112791768","display_name":"Mohit Patel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohit Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Advanced Smart Sensors and Structures (CASSS), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Advanced Smart Sensors and Structures (CASSS), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025578278","display_name":"Anthony J. Hanson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony J. Hanson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Advanced Smart Sensors and Structures (CASSS), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Advanced Smart Sensors and Structures (CASSS), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033007222","display_name":"Dinesh Maddipatla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2288-8779"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dinesh Maddipatla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Advanced Smart Sensors and Structures (CASSS), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Advanced Smart Sensors and Structures (CASSS), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060873201","display_name":"Massood Z. Atashbar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2981-6321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massood Z. Atashbar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Advanced Smart Sensors and Structures (CASSS), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Center for Advanced Smart Sensors and Structures (CASSS), Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019166159"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.504,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53727273,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformable-matrix","display_name":"Conformable matrix","score":0.9575954675674438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.7992072105407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.6282408237457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6237690448760986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-conductor","display_name":"Electrical conductor","score":0.5821583867073059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5176827907562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43491101264953613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conductivity","display_name":"Conductivity","score":0.41685599088668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.323574423789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.28640973567962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.07167348265647888}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86072612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5160239","display_name":"Conformable matrix","level":2,"score":0.9575954675674438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.7992072105407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.6282408237457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6237690448760986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202374169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124291","display_name":"Electrical conductor","level":2,"score":0.5821583867073059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5176827907562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43491101264953613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131540310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907564","display_name":"Conductivity","level":2,"score":0.41685599088668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.323574423789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.28640973567962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.07167348265647888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sensors47087.2021.9639806","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47087.2021.9639806","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605007","display_name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488753421","https://openalex.org/W1629637464","https://openalex.org/W2023228894","https://openalex.org/W2046646175","https://openalex.org/W2053212969","https://openalex.org/W2072917902","https://openalex.org/W2109073090","https://openalex.org/W2110444396","https://openalex.org/W2126507756","https://openalex.org/W2138160374","https://openalex.org/W2164758410","https://openalex.org/W2171890746","https://openalex.org/W2243063702","https://openalex.org/W2243106321","https://openalex.org/W2246453787","https://openalex.org/W2248787076","https://openalex.org/W2319346728","https://openalex.org/W2340560969","https://openalex.org/W2565991886","https://openalex.org/W2590191889","https://openalex.org/W2606131926","https://openalex.org/W2713736385","https://openalex.org/W2802005394","https://openalex.org/W2809442596","https://openalex.org/W2898110890","https://openalex.org/W2899042961","https://openalex.org/W2921860266","https://openalex.org/W2931151583","https://openalex.org/W2963712926","https://openalex.org/W2966699724","https://openalex.org/W2969048652","https://openalex.org/W3000276193","https://openalex.org/W3000697994","https://openalex.org/W3017962220","https://openalex.org/W3024399025","https://openalex.org/W3097462037","https://openalex.org/W3108805753","https://openalex.org/W3111906498","https://openalex.org/W3137334297","https://openalex.org/W6676186243","https://openalex.org/W6703717734","https://openalex.org/W6752129327"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2937491694","https://openalex.org/W2558746723","https://openalex.org/W4308131477","https://openalex.org/W3037709338","https://openalex.org/W4385473703","https://openalex.org/W4401018364","https://openalex.org/W4285119458","https://openalex.org/W2947200988","https://openalex.org/W3192193367","https://openalex.org/W3039657064"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,17],"novel":[1],"electroencephalography":[2],"(EEG)":[3],"sensor":[4],"was":[5,51],"developed":[6,21],"for":[7,70],"monitoring":[8],"and":[9,29,61,90],"recording":[10],"the":[11,15,43,49,68,79,86],"electrical":[12],"activity":[13],"of":[14,48,73,96,118],"brain.":[16],"sensing":[18,83,101],"electrode":[19],"were":[20],"by":[22],"3D":[23,99],"printing":[24],"Formlabs":[25],"80A":[26],"flexible":[27,60],"resin":[28],"coated":[30],"with":[31],"silver":[32,38],"epoxy":[33],"as":[34,36],"well":[35],"a":[37,114],"spray":[39],"paint":[40],"to":[41,64,78,109],"make":[42],"electrodes":[44,58,84,102,111],"conductive.":[45],"The":[46,57,81,98],"conductivity":[47],"sensors":[50],"measured":[52],"at":[53],"7.70":[54],"E+03":[55],"S/m.":[56],"are":[59,88],"conformable":[62],"enough":[63],"be":[65],"worn":[66],"on":[67],"head":[69],"extended":[71,94],"periods":[72,95],"time":[74],"without":[75],"causing":[76],"strain":[77],"user.":[80],"current":[82],"in":[85],"market":[87],"stiff":[89],"cause":[91],"headaches":[92],"after":[93],"testing.":[97],"printed":[100],"generated":[103],"similar":[104],"signal":[105],"quality":[106],"when":[107],"compared":[108],"commercial":[110],"while":[112],"providing":[113],"far":[115],"higher":[116],"level":[117],"comfort.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T13:04:00.132906","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}