{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2999016302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors43011.2019.8956751","title":"Enhancement of Vital-Sign Sensor Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using Wireless Frequency-Locked Loop","display_name":"Enhancement of Vital-Sign Sensor Signal-to-Noise Ratio Using Wireless Frequency-Locked Loop","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2999016302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors43011.2019.8956751","mag":"2999016302"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sensors43011.2019.8956751","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors43011.2019.8956751","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE SENSORS","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049930551","display_name":"Kang-Chun Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8860-8875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154394","display_name":"National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00hfj7g70","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154394"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kang-Chun Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Kaohsiung Univ. of Science and Tech.,Dept. Computer and Comm. Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan,811","Dept. Computer and Comm. Engineering, National Kaohsiung Univ. of Science and Tech., Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Kaohsiung Univ. of Science and Tech.,Dept. Computer and Comm. Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan,811","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154394","https://openalex.org/I4387154394"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Computer and Comm. Engineering, National Kaohsiung Univ. of Science and Tech., Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154394","https://openalex.org/I4387154394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053298699","display_name":"Siang-En Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142974352","display_name":"National Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mjawt10","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siang-En Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Sun Yat-sen University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan,804","Department of Electrical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Sun Yat-sen University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan,804","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078011988","display_name":"Fu-Kang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6652-5641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142974352","display_name":"National Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mjawt10","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fu-Kang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Sun Yat-sen University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan,804","Department of Electrical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Sun Yat-sen University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan,804","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055676018","display_name":"Tzyy\u2010Sheng Horng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9821-8619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142974352","display_name":"National Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mjawt10","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tzyy-Sheng Horng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Sun Yat-sen University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan,804","Department of Electrical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Sun Yat-sen University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan,804","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049930551"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154394"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.489,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63302356,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.6390414237976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5893510580062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.554682731628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.551060140132904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.5333364605903625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5231274962425232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","score":0.4605165719985962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.4327971935272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.42661550641059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.4148845076560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.37042462825775146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3695014715194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35841161012649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3569263517856598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2554584741592407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2149350941181183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2047850787639618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06685519218444824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.05375686287879944}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.6390414237976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5893510580062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.554682731628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.551060140132904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.5333364605903625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5231274962425232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184670325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q512604","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4605165719985962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.4327971935272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.42661550641059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.4148845076560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.37042462825775146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3695014715194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35841161012649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3569263517856598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2554584741592407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2149350941181183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2047850787639618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06685519218444824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.05375686287879944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sensors43011.2019.8956751","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors43011.2019.8956751","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE SENSORS","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996376666","https://openalex.org/W2061007218","https://openalex.org/W2098649495","https://openalex.org/W2099743383","https://openalex.org/W2791460472"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978186604","https://openalex.org/W2161114738","https://openalex.org/W2376421545","https://openalex.org/W297528673","https://openalex.org/W2093006965","https://openalex.org/W2162753134","https://openalex.org/W2126772917","https://openalex.org/W2121843751","https://openalex.org/W2982806254","https://openalex.org/W4254832808"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conventional":[0],"continuous":[1],"wave":[2],"(CW)":[3],"vital-sign":[4,57],"sensor":[5,62,81,99],"generally":[6],"suffer":[7],"the":[8,12,37,40,46,56,71,76,86,89],"phase":[9,47],"noise":[10,48],"of":[11,39,49,55,59,75,93],"voltage-controlled":[13],"oscillator":[14],"(VCO).":[15],"This":[16],"work":[17],"develops":[18],"a":[19,94],"novel":[20],"wireless":[21,31],"frequency-locked":[22],"loop":[23],"(FLL)":[24],"technique":[25],"to":[26],"overcome":[27],"this":[28],"problem.":[29],"The":[30,51],"FLL":[32],"can":[33],"not":[34],"only":[35,101],"enhance":[36],"strength":[38],"detected":[41],"signal":[42],"but":[43],"also":[44],"reduce":[45],"VCO.":[50],"signal-to-noise":[52],"ratio":[53],"(SNR)":[54],"sensing":[58],"proposed":[60],"wireless-FLL-based":[61,80],"is":[63,82,100],"therefore":[64],"greatly":[65],"enhanced.":[66],"Experimental":[67],"results":[68],"demonstrate":[69],"that":[70],"maximum":[72,90],"detection":[73,91],"range":[74,92],"developed":[77],"2.4":[78,95],"GHz":[79,96],"4":[83],"m.":[84,103],"Under":[85],"same":[87],"condition,":[88],"conventional":[97],"CW":[98],"1.5":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
