{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3205846205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/seeda-cecnsm53056.2021.9566226","title":"Remote biometric identification systems and ethical challenges: The case of facial recognition","display_name":"Remote biometric identification systems and ethical challenges: The case of facial recognition","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3205846205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/seeda-cecnsm53056.2021.9566226","mag":"3205846205"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/seeda-cecnsm53056.2021.9566226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/seeda-cecnsm53056.2021.9566226","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 6th South-East Europe Design Automation, Computer Engineering, Computer Networks and Social Media Conference (SEEDA-CECNSM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047074582","display_name":"Maria Milossi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2904-5395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192756129","display_name":"University of Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/05fg6gr82","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maria Milossi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Sciences, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Sciences, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047074582"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4254,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70759557,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13851","display_name":"Law, AI, and Intellectual Property","score":0.973800003528595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.756783127784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6324426531791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.595771849155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5743446350097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversation","display_name":"Conversation","score":0.5058112144470215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.48964887857437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3992970883846283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.38575875759124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1481896936893463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.13511133193969727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.756783127784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6324426531791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.595771849155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5743446350097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.5058112144470215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.48964887857437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3992970883846283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.38575875759124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1481896936893463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.13511133193969727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/seeda-cecnsm53056.2021.9566226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/seeda-cecnsm53056.2021.9566226","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 6th South-East Europe Design Automation, Computer Engineering, Computer Networks and Social Media Conference (SEEDA-CECNSM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481502799","https://openalex.org/W1876367695","https://openalex.org/W2902634493","https://openalex.org/W2912127517","https://openalex.org/W2967242648","https://openalex.org/W3121546192","https://openalex.org/W3155975492","https://openalex.org/W6639139643"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968552888","https://openalex.org/W1527532029","https://openalex.org/W2374116601","https://openalex.org/W3093134843","https://openalex.org/W2378167147","https://openalex.org/W3210777354","https://openalex.org/W2772323916","https://openalex.org/W2281307425","https://openalex.org/W2353749315","https://openalex.org/W1989935232"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0,130],"Intelligence":[1],"(AI)":[2],"is":[3,45],"the":[4,19,40,46,58,61,96,103,113,125],"field":[5],"of":[6,21,28,39,48,105,115,127],"computer":[7],"science":[8],"progressing":[9],"rapidly,":[10],"simulating":[11],"human":[12],"behavior":[13],"and":[14,16,23,73,118],"thinking":[15],"affecting":[17],"already":[18],"most":[20,41],"economic":[22],"social":[24],"activities.":[25],"The":[26,91],"use":[27],"AI":[29,43],"has":[30],"undoubtedly":[31],"positive":[32],"outcomes":[33],"but":[34],"also":[35],"implies":[36],"high-risks.":[37],"One":[38],"common":[42],"applications":[44],"case":[47,104],"facial":[49,106],"recognition,":[50,80],"a":[51,85,128],"remote":[52],"biometric":[53],"identification":[54],"system":[55],"that":[56,99,121],"raises":[57],"conversation":[59],"around":[60],"intrusion":[62],"into":[63],"individuals\u2019":[64],"privacy.":[65],"In":[66],"an":[67],"attempt":[68],"to":[69,94],"balance":[70],"ethical":[71],"values":[72],"legal":[74],"principles":[75],"concerning,":[76],"inter":[77],"alia,":[78],"automated":[79],"European":[81],"Commission":[82],"puts":[83],"forward":[84],"regulatory":[86],"framework":[87],"with":[88,112],"specific":[89],"objectives.":[90],"paper":[92],"aims":[93],"highlight":[95],"precautionary":[97],"principle":[98],"EU":[100],"enforces":[101],"in":[102],"recognition":[107],"practice,":[108],"establishing":[109],"security":[110],"mechanisms":[111],"aim":[114],"mining,":[116],"re-using":[117],"sharing":[119],"data":[120],"are":[122],"required":[123],"for":[124],"buildout":[126],"reliable":[129],"Intelligence.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}