{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408898023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/secon64284.2024.10934831","title":"DeepReal: Short-form Video Streaming with Fine-grained Bitrate Adaptation","display_name":"DeepReal: Short-form Video Streaming with Fine-grained Bitrate Adaptation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408898023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/secon64284.2024.10934831"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/secon64284.2024.10934831","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/secon64284.2024.10934831","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 21st Annual IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication, and Networking (SECON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100459812","display_name":"Guanghui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7448-8473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanghui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052528110","display_name":"Jing Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2784-3414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Department of Computing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Department of Computing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010058430","display_name":"Mengbai Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6305-8125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengbai Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045982340","display_name":"Dongxiao Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6835-5981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongxiao Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100692488","display_name":"Xiuzhen Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5912-4647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiuzhen Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9714999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7548650503158569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.6978249549865723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-bitrate","display_name":"Constant bitrate","score":0.52394700050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-streaming","display_name":"Video streaming","score":0.4936314821243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-bitrate","display_name":"Variable bitrate","score":0.3721579909324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.2946813702583313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-rate","display_name":"Bit rate","score":0.1976679265499115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.05122274160385132}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7548650503158569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.6978249549865723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34339180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1325924","display_name":"Constant bitrate","level":4,"score":0.52394700050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986160907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220499","display_name":"Video streaming","level":2,"score":0.4936314821243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57667952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154443","display_name":"Variable bitrate","level":3,"score":0.3721579909324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2946813702583313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987812609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194158","display_name":"Bit rate","level":2,"score":0.1976679265499115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.05122274160385132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/secon64284.2024.10934831","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/secon64284.2024.10934831","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 21st Annual IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication, and Networking (SECON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3145253997","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62302268","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7508700086","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023HWYQ-045,ZR2023QF060,ZR2022ZD02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8519467270","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"tsqn202312051","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326189","funder_display_name":"Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326189","display_name":"Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972191802","https://openalex.org/W1976944900","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2175325787","https://openalex.org/W2294512426","https://openalex.org/W2482797934","https://openalex.org/W2744628735","https://openalex.org/W2849781392","https://openalex.org/W3041202696","https://openalex.org/W4206770465","https://openalex.org/W4211024378","https://openalex.org/W4220758639","https://openalex.org/W4283320228","https://openalex.org/W4290098593","https://openalex.org/W4290991577","https://openalex.org/W4293518076","https://openalex.org/W4304080763","https://openalex.org/W4304087114","https://openalex.org/W4304091883","https://openalex.org/W4304098215","https://openalex.org/W4377981550","https://openalex.org/W4379806131","https://openalex.org/W4386260608","https://openalex.org/W4403863317","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6684921986","https://openalex.org/W6692846177","https://openalex.org/W6748839928","https://openalex.org/W6810099005"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097846364","https://openalex.org/W4367694084","https://openalex.org/W2114244888","https://openalex.org/W4386172477","https://openalex.org/W1687620409","https://openalex.org/W2359580318","https://openalex.org/W2902391434","https://openalex.org/W2541582778","https://openalex.org/W3174162042","https://openalex.org/W3082618691"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Short-form":[0],"video":[1,13,24,45,184],"streaming":[2,46],"has":[3],"seen":[4],"explosive":[5],"growth":[6],"in":[7],"recent":[8],"years.":[9],"Typically,":[10],"the":[11,23,37,93,106,109,115,120,123,128,152],"short":[12,44,48,91],"apps":[14],"(e.g.,":[15],"TikTok)":[16],"are":[17],"installed":[18],"on":[19,60],"mobile":[20],"devices,":[21],"with":[22,64],"content":[25],"delivered":[26],"over":[27],"wireless":[28,76],"networks.":[29],"Our":[30],"measurement":[31],"study":[32],"shows":[33],"that":[34,159],"almost":[35],"all":[36],"state-of-the-art":[38],"adaptive":[39],"bitrate":[40,67,138,144],"(ABR)":[41],"algorithms":[42],"for":[43,90,114,181],"fall":[47],"of":[49,95,136],"providing":[50],"satisfactory":[51],"Quality-of-Experience":[52],"(QoE).":[53],"This":[54],"is":[55,97,146],"due":[56],"to":[57,73,132,148,151,165],"their":[58,71],"reliance":[59],"bandwidth-sensitive":[61],"adaptation":[62],"logic":[63,117,131],"over-discretized":[65],"encoding":[66],"levels,":[68],"which":[69,96],"hampers":[70],"ability":[72],"manage":[74],"significant":[75],"bandwidth":[77],"fluctuations.":[78],"To":[79],"tackle":[80],"this":[81],"problem,":[82],"we":[83],"propose":[84],"DeepReal,":[85],"a":[86,98,141,176],"fine-grained":[87],"ABR":[88,116,130],"approach":[89],"videos,":[92],"core":[94],"novel":[99],"clustering-augmented":[100],"continuous":[101],"control":[102],"learning":[103],"algorithm.":[104],"On":[105,119],"one":[107],"hand,":[108,122],"clustering":[110],"offers":[111,175],"more":[112],"expertise":[113],"training.":[118],"other":[121],"continuous-valued":[124],"action":[125],"domain":[126],"enables":[127],"trained":[129],"support":[133],"any":[134],"number":[135],"discrete":[137],"levels.":[139],"As":[140],"result,":[142],"DeepReal's":[143],"decision":[145],"able":[147],"effectively":[149],"adapt":[150],"substantial":[153],"network":[154],"dynamics.":[155],"Large-scale":[156],"evaluations":[157],"show":[158],"DeepReal":[160],"improves":[161],"QoE":[162],"by":[163],"23.5%":[164],"33.3%":[166],"while":[167],"maintaining":[168],"strong":[169],"spatial":[170],"and":[171,178],"temporal":[172],"robustness.":[173],"It":[174],"tailored":[177],"innovative":[179],"solution":[180],"current":[182],"short-form":[183],"services.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
