{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3047199854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/secon48991.2020.9158446","title":"BLE2LoRa: Cross-Technology Communication from Bluetooth to LoRa via Chirp Emulation","display_name":"BLE2LoRa: Cross-Technology Communication from Bluetooth to LoRa via Chirp Emulation","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3047199854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/secon48991.2020.9158446","mag":"3047199854"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/secon48991.2020.9158446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/secon48991.2020.9158446","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 17th Annual IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication, and Networking (SECON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100450015","display_name":"Zhijun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9129-9957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhijun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peng Cheng Laboratory, Cyberspace Security Research Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Cyberspace Security Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071578712","display_name":"Yongrui Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4618-8403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongrui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2414,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92321067,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7686524391174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lpwan","display_name":"LPWAN","score":0.7684787511825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.6416958570480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5108663439750671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-software-radio-peripheral","display_name":"Universal Software Radio Peripheral","score":0.49856996536254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirp-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Chirp spread spectrum","score":0.4983985424041748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.49058476090431213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.4868011176586151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.47809168696403503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-area-network","display_name":"Personal area network","score":0.46749770641326904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4485357403755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payload","display_name":"Payload (computing)","score":0.43317532539367676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4285159707069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phy","display_name":"PHY","score":0.42385855317115784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-hopping-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Frequency-hopping spread spectrum","score":0.42333441972732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.2989632487297058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.23817190527915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21493783593177795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spread-spectrum","display_name":"Spread spectrum","score":0.19860941171646118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-sequence-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Direct-sequence spread spectrum","score":0.09868907928466797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7686524391174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20706829","display_name":"LPWAN","level":3,"score":0.7684787511825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.6416958570480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5108663439750671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192220659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1245659","display_name":"Universal Software Radio Peripheral","level":3,"score":0.49856996536254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105152959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074780","display_name":"Chirp spread spectrum","level":5,"score":0.4983985424041748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.49058476090431213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.4868011176586151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.47809168696403503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123813714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202271","display_name":"Personal area network","level":3,"score":0.46749770641326904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4485357403755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134066672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424639","display_name":"Payload (computing)","level":3,"score":0.43317532539367676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4285159707069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41918916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"PHY","level":4,"score":0.42385855317115784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122962297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136013","display_name":"Frequency-hopping spread spectrum","level":2,"score":0.42333441972732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.2989632487297058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.23817190527915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21493783593177795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.19860941171646118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194491627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334354","display_name":"Direct-sequence spread spectrum","level":4,"score":0.09868907928466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/secon48991.2020.9158446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/secon48991.2020.9158446","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 17th Annual IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication, and Networking (SECON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W202954878","https://openalex.org/W2022606484","https://openalex.org/W2037869946","https://openalex.org/W2076728480","https://openalex.org/W2128488783","https://openalex.org/W2139515706","https://openalex.org/W2148239975","https://openalex.org/W2398319222","https://openalex.org/W2508611559","https://openalex.org/W2546526263","https://openalex.org/W2552804020","https://openalex.org/W2559096601","https://openalex.org/W2574735439","https://openalex.org/W2760854701","https://openalex.org/W2763426157","https://openalex.org/W2763753824","https://openalex.org/W2764091889","https://openalex.org/W2790393518","https://openalex.org/W2791643103","https://openalex.org/W2899889382","https://openalex.org/W2926633330","https://openalex.org/W2962691290","https://openalex.org/W2963039283","https://openalex.org/W2982289812","https://openalex.org/W2982684304","https://openalex.org/W2986959419","https://openalex.org/W6608311811","https://openalex.org/W6725412409"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3123045875","https://openalex.org/W2497945060","https://openalex.org/W2036409436","https://openalex.org/W2558305529","https://openalex.org/W2542218569","https://openalex.org/W4282813431","https://openalex.org/W3047109867","https://openalex.org/W2949952077","https://openalex.org/W3162678986","https://openalex.org/W2900142556"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wireless":[0],"Personal":[1],"Area":[2],"Network":[3],"(WPAN)":[4],"technologies":[5],"(e.g.,":[6,29,65],"Bluetooth,":[7],"ZigBee)":[8],"have":[9,42],"been":[10],"widely":[11],"used":[12],"in":[13],"our":[14,198],"daily":[15],"life.":[16],"However,":[17,71],"due":[18],"to":[19,43,101,116,153,223,233],"their":[20],"short":[21],"transmission":[22],"distances,":[23],"the":[24,40,69,72,109,182],"delivery":[25],"of":[26,74,113,185],"urgent":[27],"messages":[28,41],"emergency":[30],"alarms)":[31],"over":[32,136,234,241,245],"long":[33,37,190],"distance,":[34,238],"suffers":[35],"from":[36,87,221],"delay,":[38],"since":[39],"be":[44,194],"transported":[45],"via":[46],"multi-hop":[47],"way.":[48],"Recent":[49],"studies":[50],"show":[51],"that":[52,215],"adding":[53],"low-power":[54],"wide-area":[55],"network":[56],"(LPWAN)":[57],"radios":[58],"such":[59],"as":[60],"LoRa":[61,154,174,186,224],"onto":[62],"WPAN":[63],"devices":[64],"Bluetooth)":[66],"effectively":[67],"overcomes":[68],"limitation.":[70],"introduce":[73],"heterogeneous":[75],"communication":[76,104,237],"inevitably":[77],"incurs":[78],"extra":[79],"hardware":[80,165],"cost,":[81],"deployment":[82],"inconvenience":[83],"and":[84,170,207],"traffic":[85],"overhead":[86],"gateways.":[88],"In":[89],"this":[90],"paper,":[91],"we":[92],"present":[93],"BLE2LoRa,":[94],"a":[95,126,129,139,173,189],"novel":[96],"Bluetooth":[97],"Low":[98],"Energy":[99],"(BLE)":[100],"LoRaWAN":[102,205],"cross-technology":[103],"(CTC)":[105],"approach,":[106],"which":[107,150,239],"leverages":[108],"frequency":[110,132],"shifting":[111],"ability":[112],"BLE":[114,140,159,178,209,222],"device":[115,141,175],"emulate":[117],"LoRa's":[118],"chirp":[119,127,155],"signal.":[120],"Such":[121],"emulation":[122],"is":[123,128,151,240],"feasible":[124],"because":[125],"signal":[130],"whose":[131],"increases":[133],"or":[134],"decreases":[135],"time,":[137],"while":[138],"can":[142,176,193,217],"also":[143],"construct":[144],"specific":[145],"signals":[146],"with":[147,225],"ladder-shaped":[148],"frequencies":[149],"similar":[152],"by":[156],"carefully":[157],"selecting":[158],"payload":[160],"bits.":[161],"Therefore,":[162],"without":[163],"any":[164],"modification":[166],"at":[167],"both":[168],"sender":[169],"receiver":[171],"side,":[172],"demodulate":[177],"frames.":[179],"Moreover,":[180],"leveraging":[181],"high":[183],"sensitivity":[184],"base":[187],"station,":[188],"distant":[191],"CTC":[192],"achieved.":[195],"We":[196],"bulid":[197],"BLE2LoRa":[199,216],"prototype":[200],"on":[201],"USRP":[202],"B210":[203],"(with":[204],"PHY)":[206],"commodity":[208],"chips":[210],"(CC1200).":[211],"Our":[212],"evaluation":[213],"reveals":[214],"achieve":[218],"4.06kbps":[219],"throughput":[220],"more":[226],"than":[227],"80%":[228],"frame":[229],"reception":[230],"rate,":[231],"leading":[232],"600":[235],"meters":[236],"20x":[242],"range":[243],"extension":[244],"native":[246],"Bluetooth.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}