{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389313804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sds59856.2023.10329262","title":"Integration and Unit Testing of Software Energy Consumption","display_name":"Integration and Unit Testing of Software Energy Consumption","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389313804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sds59856.2023.10329262"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sds59856.2023.10329262","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sds59856.2023.10329262","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Tenth International Conference on Software Defined Systems (SDS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086820000","display_name":"Fadi Wedyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4464-8688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134118262","display_name":"Lewis University","ror":"https://ror.org/0376vhj74","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134118262"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fadi Wedyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lewis University,Department of Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences,Romeoville,Illinois,USA,60446"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lewis University,Department of Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences,Romeoville,Illinois,USA,60446","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134118262"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011213656","display_name":"Rachael Morrison","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134118262","display_name":"Lewis University","ror":"https://ror.org/0376vhj74","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134118262"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachael Morrison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lewis University,Department of Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences,Romeoville,Illinois,USA,60446"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lewis University,Department of Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences,Romeoville,Illinois,USA,60446","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134118262"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111014372","display_name":"O. Abuomar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134118262","display_name":"Lewis University","ror":"https://ror.org/0376vhj74","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134118262"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Osama Sam Abuomar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lewis University,Department of Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences,Romeoville,Illinois,USA,60446"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lewis University,Department of Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences,Romeoville,Illinois,USA,60446","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134118262"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134118262"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7043,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91334461,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"60","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.833624005317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oracle","display_name":"Oracle","score":0.7395763397216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7145087718963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.6229668259620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","score":0.5566446185112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5483815670013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.4893921911716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unit-testing","display_name":"Unit testing","score":0.48811158537864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-accounting","display_name":"Energy accounting","score":0.4560049772262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-box-testing","display_name":"White-box testing","score":0.44633233547210693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-footprint","display_name":"Carbon footprint","score":0.44292309880256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.435764342546463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.2216697335243225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2012537121772766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.16478365659713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11887261271476746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10318675637245178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09126195311546326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.08846738934516907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08799871802330017}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.833624005317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55166926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892946","display_name":"Oracle","level":2,"score":0.7395763397216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7145087718963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.6229668259620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5566446185112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5483815670013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.4893921911716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148027188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907375","display_name":"Unit testing","level":3,"score":0.48811158537864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132853815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341254","display_name":"Energy accounting","level":3,"score":0.4560049772262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162443782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066228","display_name":"White-box testing","level":5,"score":0.44633233547210693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780936489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310667","display_name":"Carbon footprint","level":3,"score":0.44292309880256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.435764342546463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.2216697335243225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2012537121772766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.16478365659713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11887261271476746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10318675637245178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09126195311546326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.08846738934516907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08799871802330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sds59856.2023.10329262","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sds59856.2023.10329262","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Tenth International Conference on Software Defined Systems (SDS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W257604444","https://openalex.org/W1964962870","https://openalex.org/W1991014882","https://openalex.org/W1992570401","https://openalex.org/W2001996675","https://openalex.org/W2041650849","https://openalex.org/W2061758778","https://openalex.org/W2062918259","https://openalex.org/W2093354591","https://openalex.org/W2152908633","https://openalex.org/W2158586961","https://openalex.org/W2166611627","https://openalex.org/W2324595780","https://openalex.org/W2342081626","https://openalex.org/W2344496621","https://openalex.org/W2403863631","https://openalex.org/W2404571621","https://openalex.org/W2473963657","https://openalex.org/W2547621596","https://openalex.org/W2620561093","https://openalex.org/W2735662636","https://openalex.org/W2766020882","https://openalex.org/W2789057423","https://openalex.org/W2883022143","https://openalex.org/W2922039621","https://openalex.org/W2954909443","https://openalex.org/W2955293211","https://openalex.org/W2967524847","https://openalex.org/W3000445487","https://openalex.org/W3175472546","https://openalex.org/W3190736746","https://openalex.org/W4327781324"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2126144212","https://openalex.org/W2395905280","https://openalex.org/W2284280744","https://openalex.org/W4307077653","https://openalex.org/W2188932121","https://openalex.org/W2576924219","https://openalex.org/W2111976569","https://openalex.org/W1524153062","https://openalex.org/W4230645911","https://openalex.org/W2041948292"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,114,137],"study":[1],"of":[2,15,31,35,52,116,119,139],"software":[3,53,163],"energy":[4,65,98,110,117,127],"consumption":[5,45,66,111,118],"is":[6,24,69,143,165],"gaining":[7],"more":[8],"importance":[9],"due":[10],"to":[11,86],"the":[12,29,32,79,125,130,134,140,162],"increasing":[13],"use":[14],"portable":[16],"devices":[17],"that":[18,100],"run":[19],"on":[20,124],"batteries.":[21],"Moreover,":[22],"there":[23],"a":[25,50,120],"growing":[26],"trend":[27],"in":[28,59,62,67,133],"value":[30],"carbon":[33],"footprint":[34],"computational":[36],"energy,":[37],"which":[38],"rises":[39],"environmental":[40],"and":[41,64,105],"social":[42],"concerns.":[43],"Energy":[44],"can":[46,158],"be":[47,159],"viewed":[48],"as":[49,78,145,154,156],"part":[51],"performance":[54,60],"testing.":[55],"A":[56],"key":[57],"problem":[58],"testing":[61,99],"general,":[63],"particular,":[68],"finding":[70],"expected":[71],"values":[72,83],"for":[73,97,107],"test":[74,121,135,152],"cases,":[75],"known":[76],"also":[77],"oracle":[80],"problem.":[81],"These":[82],"are":[84],"hard":[85],"find":[87],"or":[88],"estimate.":[89],"In":[90],"this":[91],"article,":[92],"we":[93],"present":[94],"an":[95],"approach":[96,142],"uses":[101],"method's":[102,109],"size,":[103],"complexity,":[104],"dependency":[106],"estimating":[108],"(unit":[112],"testing).":[113],"estimation":[115],"case":[122],"depends":[123],"accumulative":[126],"consumed":[128],"by":[129],"methods":[131],"executed":[132],"case.":[136],"cost":[138],"proposed":[141],"low":[144],"it":[146,157],"does":[147],"not":[148],"require":[149],"generating":[150],"extra":[151],"cases":[153],"well":[155],"performed":[160],"when":[161],"functionality":[164],"validated.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}