{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7084160043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sas65169.2025.11105170","title":"Two-Step Microphone Array Fusion Algorithm for Enhanced Indoor Sound Source Localization","display_name":"Two-Step Microphone Array Fusion Algorithm for Enhanced Indoor Sound Source Localization","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7084160043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sas65169.2025.11105170"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sas65169.2025.11105170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sas65169.2025.11105170","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mahya Shahmohammadimehrjardi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahya Shahmohammadimehrjardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bruce Wallace","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce Wallace","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Adrian D. C. Chan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrian D. C. Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rafik Goubran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafik Goubran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pengcheng Xi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengcheng Xi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12092","display_name":"Erosion and Abrasive Machining","score":0.10849999636411667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2302","display_name":"Ecological Modeling"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12092","display_name":"Erosion and Abrasive Machining","score":0.10849999636411667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2302","display_name":"Ecological Modeling"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12126","display_name":"Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency","score":0.09380000084638596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10626","display_name":"High-Temperature Coating Behaviors","score":0.06109999865293503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microphone","display_name":"Microphone","score":0.7142000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilateration","display_name":"Multilateration","score":0.7135999798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-source-localization","display_name":"Acoustic source localization","score":0.5903000235557556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microphone-array","display_name":"Microphone array","score":0.5504000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.486299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.40130001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulse","display_name":"Impulse (physics)","score":0.3837999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sound-localization","display_name":"Sound localization","score":0.3824999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7498999834060669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778263558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46384","display_name":"Microphone","level":3,"score":0.7142000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104037064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640884","display_name":"Multilateration","level":3,"score":0.7135999798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93240960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217270","display_name":"Acoustic source localization","level":3,"score":0.5903000235557556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778806681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907293","display_name":"Microphone array","level":4,"score":0.5504000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5371999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.486299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40459999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.40130001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70836080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837940","display_name":"Impulse (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3837999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68236139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q765652","display_name":"Sound localization","level":2,"score":0.3824999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.37959998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163150518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4135208","display_name":"Time of arrival","level":3,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47726159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q457547","display_name":"Ambisonics","level":3,"score":0.3231000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122048520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2913954","display_name":"Percentile","level":2,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13545353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4763363","display_name":"Angle of arrival","level":3,"score":0.30059999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017552255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4135208","display_name":"Arrival time","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72279823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139726","display_name":"Impulse response","level":2,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776864781","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52617913","display_name":"Source separation","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982962833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092450","display_name":"Information fusion","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sas65169.2025.11105170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sas65169.2025.11105170","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.ca:cistinparc:8c54600c-4c4a-424e-bc66-c856366bc5ab","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/object/?id=8c54600c-4c4a-424e-bc66-c856366bc5ab","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055245","display_name":"NPARC","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6535676121711731,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2011502582","https://openalex.org/W2046317813","https://openalex.org/W2064333321","https://openalex.org/W2098635592","https://openalex.org/W2117678320","https://openalex.org/W2129188305","https://openalex.org/W2151981731","https://openalex.org/W2155511974","https://openalex.org/W2345238027","https://openalex.org/W2763188033","https://openalex.org/W2912117829","https://openalex.org/W3197097128","https://openalex.org/W4283759342","https://openalex.org/W4307687796","https://openalex.org/W4386919611","https://openalex.org/W4400114560"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"introduces":[2],"a":[3,76,101,107,159],"novel":[4],"two-step":[5,137,188],"algorithm":[6,138],"for":[7],"microphone":[8,69],"array":[9],"fusion":[10],"to":[11,31,64,78,100,124,146,190,195,199],"enhance":[12],"Sound":[13],"Source":[14],"Localization":[15],"(SSL)":[16],"in":[17,197,214,218],"indoor":[18],"reverberant":[19],"environments.":[20],"The":[21],"proposed":[22,95,212],"method":[23,77,123,152,189,213],"intelligently":[24],"selects":[25],"Angle":[26],"of":[27,93,186,210],"Arrival":[28],"(AoA)":[29],"estimates":[30,66],"reduce":[32],"localization":[33,87],"errors":[34],"while":[35,163],"maintaining":[36],"computational":[37],"efficiency.":[38],"Through":[39],"simulation":[40],"analysis":[41],"using":[42],"both":[43],"simulated":[44],"and":[45,167,171,176],"real":[46],"Room":[47],"Impulse":[48],"Responses":[49],"(RIRs),":[50],"we":[51,74,97,120,149],"identify":[52],"that":[53,127,135],"AoA":[54],"accuracy":[55,217],"varies":[56],"depending":[57],"on":[58,116],"the":[59,91,94,136,154,184,187,207,211],"sound":[60],"source":[61,113],"location,":[62],"leading":[63],"unreliable":[65,81],"from":[67,83],"certain":[68],"arrays.":[70],"To":[71],"address":[72],"this,":[73],"propose":[75],"exclude":[79],"these":[80],"AoAs":[82,131,194],"SSL,":[84],"improving":[85,215],"overall":[86],"performance.To":[88],"further":[89],"evaluate":[90],"effectiveness":[92],"approach,":[96,156],"compare":[98,121,150],"it":[99],"deep":[102],"learning-based":[103],"SSL":[104,216],"method,":[105],"where":[106],"Deep":[108],"Neural":[109],"Network":[110],"(DNN)":[111],"predicts":[112],"locations":[114],"based":[115],"estimated":[117],"AoAs.":[118],"First,":[119],"our":[122,151],"an":[125],"approach":[126],"uses":[128],"all":[129],"available":[130],"without":[132],"selection,":[133],"demonstrating":[134],"reduces":[139],"Mean":[140],"Absolute":[141],"Error":[142],"(MAE)":[143],"by":[144],"up":[145],"50%.":[147],"Next,":[148],"with":[153],"DNN-based":[155],"which":[157,193],"achieves":[158],"6.6%":[160],"lower":[161],"MAE":[162],"having":[164],"higher":[165],"25th":[166],"75th":[168],"percentile":[169],"values,":[170],"is":[172],"computationally":[173],"more":[174,201],"complex":[175],"requires":[177],"extensive":[178],"training":[179],"data.":[180],"These":[181,204],"results":[182],"highlight":[183],"ability":[185],"efficiently":[191],"determine":[192],"use":[196],"order":[198],"maintain":[200],"accurate":[202],"SSL.":[203],"findings":[205],"emphasize":[206],"practical":[208],"value":[209],"challenging":[219],"acoustic":[220],"conditions.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
