{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2579588895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/samos.2016.7818347","title":"Evaluating physically unclonable functions on a large set of FPGAs","display_name":"Evaluating physically unclonable functions on a large set of FPGAs","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2579588895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/samos.2016.7818347","mag":"2579588895"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/samos.2016.7818347","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/samos.2016.7818347","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 International Conference on Embedded Computer Systems: Architectures, Modeling and Simulation (SAMOS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061078421","display_name":"Sebastien Bellon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116793","display_name":"Kudelski (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/022m5tt98","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149612","display_name":"National Cooperative for the Disposal of Radioactive Waste (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04gaaqn72","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149612"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sebastien Bellon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nagravision - Kudelski Group, Cheseaux, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nagravision - Kudelski Group, Cheseaux, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116793","https://openalex.org/I4210149612"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043694654","display_name":"Claudio Favi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7176-0731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149612","display_name":"National Cooperative for the Disposal of Radioactive Waste (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04gaaqn72","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116793","display_name":"Kudelski (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/022m5tt98","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116793"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Favi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nagravision - Kudelski Group, Cheseaux, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nagravision - Kudelski Group, Cheseaux, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116793","https://openalex.org/I4210149612"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025446514","display_name":"Miroslaw Malek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8963-6982"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miroslaw Malek","raw_affiliation_strings":["ALaRI - USI, Lugano, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ALaRI - USI, Lugano, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089721220","display_name":"Marco Macchetti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149612","display_name":"National Cooperative for the Disposal of Radioactive Waste (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04gaaqn72","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116793","display_name":"Kudelski (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/022m5tt98","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116793"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Macchetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nagravision - Kudelski Group, Cheseaux, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nagravision - Kudelski Group, Cheseaux, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116793","https://openalex.org/I4210149612"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049456178","display_name":"Francesco Regazzoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6385-0780"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Regazzoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["ALaRI - USI, Lugano, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ALaRI - USI, Lugano, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061078421"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116793","https://openalex.org/I4210149612"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17274779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"297","issue":null,"first_page":"188","last_page":"195"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.800365686416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6695938110351562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.633905291557312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-unclonable-function","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","score":0.6237867474555969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5445457100868225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5298492908477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5161486864089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uniqueness","display_name":"Uniqueness","score":0.4813176393508911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.4792459011077881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4532124698162079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.34215885400772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.33230724930763245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.3241378366947174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25656360387802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.19802039861679077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1902662217617035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1369510293006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0683741569519043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.800365686416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6695938110351562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.633905291557312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8643368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4046262","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","level":3,"score":0.6237867474555969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5445457100868225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5298492908477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5161486864089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777021972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22976830","display_name":"Uniqueness","level":2,"score":0.4813176393508911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4792459011077881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4532124698162079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.34215885400772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33230724930763245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.3241378366947174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25656360387802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.19802039861679077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1902662217617035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1369510293006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0683741569519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/samos.2016.7818347","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/samos.2016.7818347","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 International Conference on Embedded Computer Systems: Architectures, Modeling and Simulation (SAMOS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W42545666","https://openalex.org/W1968261083","https://openalex.org/W1987671178","https://openalex.org/W1995871244","https://openalex.org/W2000171858","https://openalex.org/W2036989870","https://openalex.org/W2116374153","https://openalex.org/W2119816121","https://openalex.org/W2123482651","https://openalex.org/W2130351941","https://openalex.org/W2134047447","https://openalex.org/W2135064681","https://openalex.org/W2151759197","https://openalex.org/W2165642710","https://openalex.org/W2168174386","https://openalex.org/W2169212403","https://openalex.org/W2172255798","https://openalex.org/W2507916045","https://openalex.org/W4234056771","https://openalex.org/W6677776167","https://openalex.org/W6679357471","https://openalex.org/W6680142545","https://openalex.org/W6725290152"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3148339641","https://openalex.org/W3195700791","https://openalex.org/W2093731983","https://openalex.org/W4389544506","https://openalex.org/W2128735154","https://openalex.org/W4391377915","https://openalex.org/W2184096640","https://openalex.org/W2333684670","https://openalex.org/W2071074983","https://openalex.org/W3018478474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Detailed":[0],"knowledge":[1,27],"of":[2,5,36,43,63,75,91,139,170],"the":[3,34,57,61,64,137,151,168],"impact":[4,153],"environmental":[6,81],"factors":[7],"on":[8,71,112,158],"Physically":[9],"Unclonable":[10],"Functions":[11],"(PUFs)":[12],"is":[13,53],"required":[14],"for":[15,96,173],"designing":[16],"secure":[17,181],"and":[18,21,48,102,125,149,176],"reliable":[19,171],"chips":[20],"extract":[22],"uniqueness":[23,138],"from":[24,121,129],"them.":[25],"This":[26],"can":[28],"be":[29],"obtained":[30],"only":[31],"by":[32,116],"analyzing":[33],"behavior":[35],"PUF":[37,101],"designs":[38],"over":[39],"a":[40,72,98,103,164],"large":[41],"number":[42,74],"devices":[44,76,175],"while":[45],"varying":[46],"temperature":[47,147],"supply":[49],"voltage.":[50],"Such":[51],"analysis":[52],"still":[54],"missing":[55],"in":[56,78],"open":[58],"literature,":[59],"since":[60],"majority":[62],"works":[65],"report":[66],"evaluations":[67],"carried":[68],"out":[69],"either":[70],"limited":[73,144],"or":[77],"too":[79],"few":[80],"conditions.":[82],"In":[83],"this":[84],"work,":[85],"we":[86],"present":[87],"an":[88],"exhaustive":[89],"characterization":[90],"two":[92],"PUFs":[93,172],"constructions":[94,109],"suitable":[95],"FPGAs:":[97],"ring":[99],"oscillator":[100],"timing":[104],"path":[105],"violation":[106],"PUF.":[107],"Both":[108],"were":[110],"tested":[111],"52":[113],"FPGAs":[114],"produced":[115],"Xilinx,":[117],"at":[118],"temperatures":[119],"ranging":[120,128],"10\u00b0C":[122],"to":[123,131,146],"70\u00b0C":[124],"applying":[126],"voltages":[127],"0.95":[130],"1.05":[132],"V.":[133],"Our":[134,161],"experiments":[135],"quantify":[136],"each":[140],"construction,":[141],"demonstrate":[142],"their":[143,177],"sensitivity":[145],"variations,":[148],"show":[150],"linear":[152],"that":[154],"voltage":[155],"variations":[156],"have":[157],"both":[159],"PUFs.":[160],"results":[162],"are":[163],"crucial":[165],"step":[166],"towards":[167],"design":[169],"reconfigurable":[174],"widespread":[178],"use":[179],"as":[180],"building":[182],"blocks.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
