{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2169220886","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/saint.2004.1266115","title":"Handling catastrophic failures in scalable Internet applications","display_name":"Handling catastrophic failures in scalable Internet applications","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2169220886","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/saint.2004.1266115","mag":"2169220886"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/saint.2004.1266115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/saint.2004.1266115","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CCECE 2003 - Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering. Toward a Caring and Humane Technology (Cat. No.03CH37436)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072808342","display_name":"Michael Haungs","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149919469","display_name":"California Polytechnic State University","ror":"https://ror.org/001gpfp45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Haungs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Louis Obispo, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Louis Obispo, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055815524","display_name":"Renu Pandey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4295-9706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Pandey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of California, Davis, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Davis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076587279","display_name":"Earl T. Barr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0771-7891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Barr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of California, Davis, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Davis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072808342"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6776,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74493539,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"188","last_page":"194"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8015697002410889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7619161605834961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.6721030473709106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/router","display_name":"Router","score":0.6114016771316528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5863199830055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5470070838928223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.5393012166023254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/session","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","score":0.4859431982040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.39663541316986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.12257418036460876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.119760662317276}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8015697002410889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7619161605834961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6721030473709106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775896111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q642560","display_name":"Router","level":2,"score":0.6114016771316528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5863199830055237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5470070838928223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5393012166023254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.4859431982040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.39663541316986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.12257418036460876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.119760662317276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/saint.2004.1266115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/saint.2004.1266115","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CCECE 2003 - Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering. Toward a Caring and Humane Technology (Cat. No.03CH37436)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.calpoly.edu:csse_fac-1230","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/csse_fac/224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196328","display_name":"DigitalCommons - CalPoly (California State Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98947143","host_organization_name":"California State Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98947143"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computer Science and Software Engineering","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.362.8411","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.362.8411","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.408.5080","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.408.5080","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://earlbarr.com/publications/handlingFailure.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.649.5565","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.649.5565","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.913.2589","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.913.2589","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article%3D1230%26context%3Dcsse_fac","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1377841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1377841/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"     In:   (Proceedings) 4th International Symposium on Applications and the Internet (SAINT 2004). (pp. pp. 188-194).  IEEE COMPUTER SOC (2004)     ","raw_type":"Proceedings paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1537225432","https://openalex.org/W1623035336","https://openalex.org/W1675263286","https://openalex.org/W1710433637","https://openalex.org/W1823805842","https://openalex.org/W1944623903","https://openalex.org/W1986262965","https://openalex.org/W2010766304","https://openalex.org/W2125701508","https://openalex.org/W2462167587","https://openalex.org/W6632284432","https://openalex.org/W6637535281","https://openalex.org/W6640643601","https://openalex.org/W6719253505"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4296749040","https://openalex.org/W4230197055","https://openalex.org/W621808327","https://openalex.org/W644007644","https://openalex.org/W2122026593","https://openalex.org/W3012257603","https://openalex.org/W3177475962","https://openalex.org/W4292264782","https://openalex.org/W3016450995","https://openalex.org/W2141646567"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"User":[0],"perceived":[1],"quality":[2,40],"is":[3,158],"the":[4,23,32,50,59,144],"most":[5],"important":[6],"aspect":[7],"of":[8,22,26,37,55,61,77],"Internet":[9,38,121],"applications.":[10],"After":[11],"a":[12,130],"single":[13],"negative":[14],"experience,":[15],"users":[16],"tend":[17],"to":[18,20,29,79,105,142],"switch":[19],"one":[21],"other":[24],"myriad":[25],"alternatives":[27],"available":[28],"them":[30],"on":[31,112,120],"Internet.":[33],"Two":[34],"key":[35],"components":[36],"application":[39,122,165],"are":[41,125],"scalability":[42],"and":[43,64,101,162,167],"reliability.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"paper,":[47],"we":[48],"present":[49],"first":[51,145],"general-purpose":[52],"mechanism":[53,95,157],"capable":[54],"maintaining":[56],"reliability":[57],"in":[58],"face":[60],"process,":[62],"machine,":[63],"catastrophic":[65,69],"failures.":[66,155],"We":[67,110,139],"define":[68],"failures":[70],"as":[71,83],"events":[72],"that":[73,118,150],"cause":[74],"entire":[75],"clusters":[76],"servers":[78],"become":[80],"unavailable":[81],"such":[82],"network":[84,137],"partitioning,":[85],"router":[86],"failures,":[87],"natural":[88],"disasters,":[89],"or":[90],"even":[91],"terrorist":[92],"attacks.":[93],"Our":[94,156],"utilizes":[96],"client-side":[97,99],"tunneling,":[98],"redirection,":[100],"implicit":[102],"redirection":[103],"triggers":[104],"deliver":[106],"reliable":[107],"communication":[108,126],"channels.":[109],"capitalize":[111],"previous":[113],"work,":[114],"redirectable":[115],"sockets":[116],"(RedSocks),":[117],"focuses":[119],"scalability.":[123],"RedSocks":[124],"channels":[127],"enhanced":[128],"with":[129,160],"novel":[131],"session":[132],"layer":[133],"aimed":[134],"at":[135],"modernizing":[136],"communication.":[138],"modify":[140],"Red-Socks":[141],"create":[143],"fault":[146],"tolerant":[147],"socket":[148],"solution":[149],"can":[151],"handle":[152],"all":[153],"server-side":[154],"compatible":[159],"NATs":[161],"firewalls,":[163],"scalable,":[164],"independent,":[166],"backwards":[168],"compatible.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}