{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210631502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/safeprocess52771.2021.9693550","title":"Representation Learning for Fault Diagnosis with Contrastive Predictive Coding","display_name":"Representation Learning for Fault Diagnosis with Contrastive Predictive Coding","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210631502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/safeprocess52771.2021.9693550"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/safeprocess52771.2021.9693550","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/safeprocess52771.2021.9693550","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605570","display_name":"2021 CAA Symposium on Fault Detection, Supervision, and Safety for Technical Processes (SAFEPROCESS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 CAA Symposium on Fault Detection, Supervision, and Safety for Technical Processes (SAFEPROCESS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101765665","display_name":"Chuan Wan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0177-1840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chuan Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009107275","display_name":"Tongshuai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2046-9490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tongshuai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101815722","display_name":"Zhihua Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4164-4254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihua Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100427162","display_name":"Hao Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1607-244X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101765665"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3634,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96722585,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12282","display_name":"Mineral Processing and Grinding","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7473511695861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6464564800262451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-learning","display_name":"Feature learning","score":0.6424464583396912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/external-data-representation","display_name":"External Data Representation","score":0.642343282699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6306698322296143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5892005562782288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.5416314005851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5065065622329712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.4517398178577423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.4433175027370453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4299977421760559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4241403639316559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.35616910457611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09993702173233032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08350378274917603}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7473511695861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6464564800262451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.6424464583396912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116409475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385056","display_name":"External Data Representation","level":2,"score":0.642343282699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6306698322296143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5892005562782288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.5416314005851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5065065622329712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.4517398178577423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4433175027370453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4299977421760559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4241403639316559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35616910457611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09993702173233032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08350378274917603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/safeprocess52771.2021.9693550","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/safeprocess52771.2021.9693550","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605570","display_name":"2021 CAA Symposium on Fault Detection, Supervision, and Safety for Technical Processes (SAFEPROCESS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 CAA Symposium on Fault Detection, Supervision, and Safety for Technical Processes (SAFEPROCESS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330944","display_name":"Nature","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1991519797","https://openalex.org/W1996195892","https://openalex.org/W2004186751","https://openalex.org/W2057283314","https://openalex.org/W2087347434","https://openalex.org/W2089468765","https://openalex.org/W2093624953","https://openalex.org/W2119885245","https://openalex.org/W2123649031","https://openalex.org/W2146444479","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2149684865","https://openalex.org/W2152790380","https://openalex.org/W2152808281","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2887997457","https://openalex.org/W2970726449","https://openalex.org/W3039910281","https://openalex.org/W3138501833","https://openalex.org/W4293718132","https://openalex.org/W4297808394","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6672247373","https://openalex.org/W6682948231","https://openalex.org/W6732899423","https://openalex.org/W6754278344","https://openalex.org/W6780226713","https://openalex.org/W6844194202"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4287995534","https://openalex.org/W2998168123","https://openalex.org/W2592385986","https://openalex.org/W2905846897","https://openalex.org/W2743674619","https://openalex.org/W4362598752","https://openalex.org/W2292254049","https://openalex.org/W2546942002","https://openalex.org/W2507989420","https://openalex.org/W2351568193"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tasks":[0],"such":[1],"as":[2],"fault":[3,75,137],"diagnosis":[4,76,138],"in":[5],"the":[6,48,71,86,91,95,99,102,118,128,134],"process":[7,18,121],"industry":[8,19],"are":[9,20,29,38],"facing":[10],"with":[11,79],"challenging":[12],"problems,":[13],"because":[14],"massive":[15,61],"data":[16,62,92,111,131],"of":[17,47,51,110,130,136],"not":[21],"only":[22],"nonlinear":[23],"and":[24,34,68,101,132],"strong":[25],"related":[26],"but":[27],"also":[28],"unlabeled.":[30],"Multivariate":[31],"statistical":[32],"analysis":[33],"machine":[35],"learning":[36,59,82],"methods":[37],"usually":[39],"used":[40],"to":[41,74,90],"solve":[42],"these":[43],"problems.":[44],"In":[45],"view":[46],"above":[49],"characteristics":[50],"industrial":[52],"data,":[53],"we":[54],"propose":[55],"an":[56],"unsupervised":[57],"representation":[58,72,81,87,100],"on":[60,117],"through":[63],"contrastive":[64],"predictive":[65],"coding":[66],"(CPC),":[67],"then":[69],"apply":[70],"information":[73,97,109],"task.":[77,139],"Compared":[78],"other":[80],"methods,":[83],"CPC":[84],"makes":[85],"more":[88],"specific":[89],"by":[93],"maximizing":[94],"mutual":[96],"between":[98],"original":[103],"data.":[104],"It":[105],"can":[106,126],"extract":[107],"important":[108],"without":[112],"labels":[113],"better.":[114],"The":[115],"experiments":[116],"Tennessee":[119],"Eastman":[120],"show":[122],"that":[123],"this":[124],"strategy":[125],"increase":[127],"separability":[129],"improve":[133],"performance":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
