{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312301825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/saci55618.2022.9919604","title":"A Deep Learning Method for Sentence Embeddings Based on Hadamard Matrix Encodings","display_name":"A Deep Learning Method for Sentence Embeddings Based on Hadamard Matrix Encodings","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312301825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/saci55618.2022.9919604"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/saci55618.2022.9919604","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/saci55618.2022.9919604","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Applied Computational Intelligence and Informatics (SACI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033496496","display_name":"Mircea Trifan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mircea Trifan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa,Ottawa,Ontario,Canada","School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa,Ottawa,Ontario,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051234459","display_name":"Bogdan Ionescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4112-5769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bogdan Ionescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa,Ottawa,Ontario,Canada","School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa,Ottawa,Ontario,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038191560","display_name":"Dan Ionescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-2409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Ionescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa,Ottawa,Ontario,Canada","School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa,Ottawa,Ontario,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14385451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"000111","last_page":"000116"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7519161701202393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6602275371551514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.6189903020858765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.5447207689285278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5097987055778503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-embedding","display_name":"Word embedding","score":0.5037166476249695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency-grammar","display_name":"Dependency grammar","score":0.4953540861606598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.4904598891735077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.48574620485305786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.47080740332603455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/string","display_name":"String (physics)","score":0.4387659430503845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","score":0.4332193434238434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4314557611942291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.41738951206207275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19319316744804382}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7519161701202393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6602275371551514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.6189903020858765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.5447207689285278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5097987055778503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777462759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18395344","display_name":"Word embedding","level":3,"score":0.5037166476249695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164883195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674834","display_name":"Dependency grammar","level":3,"score":0.4953540861606598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4904598891735077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.48574620485305786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.47080740332603455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157486923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376436","display_name":"String (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4387659430503845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4332193434238434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4314557611942291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.41738951206207275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19319316744804382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/saci55618.2022.9919604","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/saci55618.2022.9919604","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Applied Computational Intelligence and Informatics (SACI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2251084681","https://openalex.org/W2098784136","https://openalex.org/W4241489294","https://openalex.org/W287510790","https://openalex.org/W63925617","https://openalex.org/W2968543375","https://openalex.org/W2252142543","https://openalex.org/W4288558800","https://openalex.org/W2888625260","https://openalex.org/W2953770453"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sentence":[0],"Embedding":[1],"is":[2,101,120],"recently":[3],"getting":[4],"an":[5],"accrued":[6],"attention":[7],"from":[8,115,128],"the":[9,54,84,89,112,116,143],"Natural":[10],"Language":[11],"Processing":[12],"(NLP)":[13],"community.":[14],"An":[15],"embedding":[16,100],"maps":[17],"a":[18,21,47,70,95,105],"sentence":[19,132],"to":[20,28,104],"vector":[22],"of":[23,124,130],"real":[24],"numbers":[25],"with":[26,42,67],"applications":[27],"similarity":[29],"and":[30,46,146],"inference":[31],"tasks.":[32],"Our":[33],"method":[34,126],"uses:":[35],"word":[36,144,150],"embeddings,":[37],"dependency":[38,62],"parsing,":[39],"Hadamard":[40,71],"matrix":[41],"spread":[43,85],"spectrum":[44,86],"algorithm":[45,88],"deep":[48],"learning":[49],"neural":[50,106,138],"network":[51,107],"trained":[52],"on":[53],"Sentences":[55],"Involving":[56],"Compositional":[57],"Knowledge":[58],"(SICK)":[59],"corpus.":[60],"The":[61,122],"parsing":[63],"labels":[64],"are":[65,75,92],"associated":[66],"rows":[68,79],"in":[69,80],"matrix.":[72,82],"Words":[73],"embeddings":[74],"stored":[76],"at":[77],"corresponding":[78],"another":[81],"Using":[83],"encoding":[87,129],"two":[90],"matrices":[91],"combined":[93],"into":[94,141],"single":[96],"unidimensional":[97],"vector.":[98],"This":[99],"then":[102],"fed":[103],"achieving":[108],"80%":[109],"accuracy":[110],"while":[111],"best":[113],"score":[114],"SEMEVAL":[117],"2014":[118],"competition":[119],"84%.":[121],"advantages":[123],"this":[125],"stem":[127],"any":[131],"size,":[133],"using":[134],"only":[135],"fully":[136],"connected":[137],"networks,":[139],"tacking":[140],"account":[142],"order":[145],"handling":[147],"long":[148],"range":[149],"dependencies.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}