{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2047633825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rws.2014.6830083","title":"A wideband phase modulation technique adopting Fractional-N Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer","display_name":"A wideband phase modulation technique adopting Fractional-N Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2047633825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rws.2014.6830083","mag":"2047633825"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/rws.2014.6830083","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rws.2014.6830083","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103478509","display_name":"Bohai Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bohai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Electronic Eng, Univ of Electronic Sci and Tech of China, Chengdu 611731, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Eng, Univ of Electronic Sci and Tech of China, Chengdu 611731, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078656438","display_name":"Fei You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7708-4618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei You","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Electronic Eng, Univ of Electronic Sci and Tech of China, Chengdu 611731, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Eng, Univ of Electronic Sci and Tech of China, Chengdu 611731, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012745940","display_name":"Renbin Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9084-2241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renbin Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Electronic Eng, Univ of Electronic Sci and Tech of China, Chengdu 611731, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Eng, Univ of Electronic Sci and Tech of China, Chengdu 611731, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090412543","display_name":"Songbai He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1770-7569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songbai He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Electronic Eng, Univ of Electronic Sci and Tech of China, Chengdu 611731, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Eng, Univ of Electronic Sci and Tech of China, Chengdu 611731, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14037679,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":null,"first_page":"214","last_page":"216"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-digital-synthesizer","display_name":"Direct digital synthesizer","score":0.7510477304458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.7482348084449768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.7080556750297546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-synthesizer","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","score":0.657076358795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.6295459866523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.6183988451957703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.5611262321472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5466703176498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5379972457885742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5172034502029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-sigma-modulation","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","score":0.5096220970153809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-shaping","display_name":"Noise shaping","score":0.5030702948570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-modulation","display_name":"Frequency modulation","score":0.4946238696575165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-modulation","display_name":"Phase modulation","score":0.4819616973400116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.47323665022850037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.34852951765060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2751980423927307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.26534903049468994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23738595843315125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.14881205558776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.10003486275672913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166089067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227465","display_name":"Direct digital synthesizer","level":5,"score":0.7510477304458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.7482348084449768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.7080556750297546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182099602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660678","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","level":4,"score":0.657076358795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.6295459866523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.6183988451957703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5611262321472168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5466703176498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5379972457885742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5172034502029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68754193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184820","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","level":3,"score":0.5096220970153809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9083635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2133535","display_name":"Noise shaping","level":2,"score":0.5030702948570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.4946238696575165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96834759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750463","display_name":"Phase modulation","level":3,"score":0.4819616973400116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.47323665022850037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.34852951765060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2751980423927307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.26534903049468994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23738595843315125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.14881205558776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.10003486275672913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/rws.2014.6830083","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rws.2014.6830083","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2059713124","https://openalex.org/W2102487545","https://openalex.org/W2150224811","https://openalex.org/W2157470323","https://openalex.org/W2167284852"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2166555237","https://openalex.org/W2622028395","https://openalex.org/W2161572852","https://openalex.org/W4386197759","https://openalex.org/W2389258116","https://openalex.org/W2393010087","https://openalex.org/W2015962950","https://openalex.org/W3035420365","https://openalex.org/W4200374561","https://openalex.org/W2798586687"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"an":[3,35],"open-loop":[4],"phase":[5,32],"modulator,":[6],"called":[7],"Fractional-N":[8,51],"Direct":[9],"Digital":[10],"Frequency":[11],"Synthesizer":[12],"(DDFS),":[13],"for":[14],"polar":[15],"transmitter":[16],"is":[17,41,63],"proposed":[18],"to":[19,45],"resolve":[20],"the":[21,27,47,61],"limited":[22],"bandwidth":[23],"problem":[24],"occurred":[25],"in":[26],"traditional":[28],"phase-locked":[29],"loop":[30],"(PLL)-based":[31],"modulator.":[33],"Besides,":[34],"effective":[36],"noise":[37],"shaping":[38],"quantization":[39],"method":[40],"taken":[42],"into":[43],"account":[44],"attenuate":[46],"fractional-spurs":[48],"introduced":[49],"by":[50],"DDFS.":[52],"The":[53],"worst":[54],"case":[55],"RMS":[56],"EVM":[57],"per":[58],"burst":[59],"of":[60],"modulator":[62],"0.32%":[64],"when":[65],"performing":[66],"10-Mbps":[67],"16PSK.":[68]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}