{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015568970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rws.2012.6175327","title":"Automatic classification of analog modulation schemes","display_name":"Automatic classification of analog modulation schemes","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015568970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rws.2012.6175327","mag":"2015568970"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/rws.2012.6175327","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rws.2012.6175327","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102141408","display_name":"Haifeng Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haifeng Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of ECE, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA","Dept. of ECE, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of ECE, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112253415","display_name":"Yun Q. Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4038-0430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Q. Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of ECE, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA","Dept. of ECE, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of ECE, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100755437","display_name":"Wei Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0952-0398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304082316","display_name":"United States Department of the Army","ror":"https://ror.org/035w1gb98","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088792","display_name":"United States Army","ror":"https://ror.org/00afsp483","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Army CERDEC, Fort Monmouth, NJ, USA","U.S. ARMY CERDEC, Fort Monmouth, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army CERDEC, Fort Monmouth, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. ARMY CERDEC, Fort Monmouth, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022652339","display_name":"John Kosinski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8162-0038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304082316","display_name":"United States Department of the Army","ror":"https://ror.org/035w1gb98","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088792","display_name":"United States Army","ror":"https://ror.org/00afsp483","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John A. Kosinski","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Army CERDEC, Fort Monmouth, NJ, USA","U.S. ARMY CERDEC, Fort Monmouth, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army CERDEC, Fort Monmouth, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. ARMY CERDEC, Fort Monmouth, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102141408"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2455,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58171248,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11853","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and interfaces","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7777765989303589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7661126852035522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.719709038734436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.6237818002700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-modulation","display_name":"Frequency modulation","score":0.6023252010345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5795602798461914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5724868178367615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5459039807319641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-classification","display_name":"Statistical classification","score":0.43687355518341064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.4230853319168091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.35027530789375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.17294156551361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.12024363875389099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07681116461753845}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7777765989303589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7661126852035522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.719709038734436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.6237818002700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.6023252010345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5795602798461914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5724868178367615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5459039807319641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110083411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1744628","display_name":"Statistical classification","level":2,"score":0.43687355518341064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.4230853319168091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35027530789375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.17294156551361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.12024363875389099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07681116461753845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/rws.2012.6175327","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rws.2012.6175327","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1608380097","https://openalex.org/W1986510668","https://openalex.org/W2109943925","https://openalex.org/W2121798222","https://openalex.org/W2132085292","https://openalex.org/W2145354815","https://openalex.org/W2169791062","https://openalex.org/W2318283748"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387474130","https://openalex.org/W2004723848","https://openalex.org/W2086788376","https://openalex.org/W2093157008","https://openalex.org/W1518527075","https://openalex.org/W2162174235","https://openalex.org/W2143773860","https://openalex.org/W2068642629","https://openalex.org/W2012415775","https://openalex.org/W2054254129"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,33],"paper":[1],"discusses":[2],"automatic":[3],"modulation":[4,31],"classification":[5,17],"(AMC)":[6],"of":[7,11,45,53],"analog":[8],"schemes.":[9,32],"Histograms":[10],"instantaneous":[12],"frequency":[13],"are":[14,24],"used":[15],"as":[16],"features":[18],"and":[19],"Support":[20],"Vector":[21],"Machines":[22],"(SVMs)":[23],"then":[25],"applied":[26],"to":[27],"classify":[28],"the":[29,51,54],"unknown":[30],"novel":[34],"machine-learning":[35],"based":[36],"method":[37],"can":[38],"insure":[39],"robustness":[40],"in":[41,63],"a":[42,60],"wide":[43],"range":[44],"SNR.":[46],"Extensive":[47],"simulation":[48],"has":[49],"demonstrated":[50],"validity":[52],"proposed":[55],"AMC":[56,65],"algorithm.":[57],"It":[58],"is":[59],"practical":[61],"algorithm":[62],"blind":[64],"environments.":[66]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
