{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982216551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rtas.2014.6925989","title":"SAFER SLOTH: Efficient, hardware-tailored memory protection","display_name":"SAFER SLOTH: Efficient, hardware-tailored memory protection","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982216551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rtas.2014.6925989","mag":"1982216551"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/rtas.2014.6925989","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rtas.2014.6925989","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 19th Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005371553","display_name":"Daniel Danner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Danner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich\u2013Alexander\u2013Universit\u00e4t (FAU) Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t (FAU), Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich\u2013Alexander\u2013Universit\u00e4t (FAU) Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t (FAU), Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066288464","display_name":"Rainer M\u00fcller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-411X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rainer Muller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich\u2013Alexander\u2013Universit\u00e4t (FAU) Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t (FAU), Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich\u2013Alexander\u2013Universit\u00e4t (FAU) Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t (FAU), Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078254306","display_name":"Wolfgang Schr\u00f6der\u2010Preikschat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-2103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Schroder-Preikschat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich\u2013Alexander\u2013Universit\u00e4t (FAU) Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t (FAU), Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich\u2013Alexander\u2013Universit\u00e4t (FAU) Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t (FAU), Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060560014","display_name":"Wanja Hofer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanja Hofer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich\u2013Alexander\u2013Universit\u00e4t (FAU) Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t (FAU), Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich\u2013Alexander\u2013Universit\u00e4t (FAU) Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t (FAU), Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014327382","display_name":"Daniel Lohmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8224-4161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Lohmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich\u2013Alexander\u2013Universit\u00e4t (FAU) Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t (FAU), Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich\u2013Alexander\u2013Universit\u00e4t (FAU) Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t (FAU), Erlangen, N\u00fcrnberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005371553"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9451,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74452306,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"37","last_page":"48"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sloth","display_name":"Sloth","score":0.8725310564041138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7948074340820312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safer","display_name":"SAFER","score":0.7112557888031006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5505644083023071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.44183388352394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.332614541053772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.3249916732311249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.19064000248908997}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778330098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2274076","display_name":"Sloth","level":2,"score":0.8725310564041138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7948074340820312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601463","display_name":"SAFER","level":2,"score":0.7112557888031006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5505644083023071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.44183388352394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.332614541053772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.3249916732311249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.19064000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/rtas.2014.6925989","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rtas.2014.6925989","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 19th Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.640.3262","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.640.3262","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www4.cs.fau.de/Publications/2014/danner_14_rtas.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1874682220","https://openalex.org/W1998993025","https://openalex.org/W2005359691","https://openalex.org/W2063453797","https://openalex.org/W2079029390","https://openalex.org/W2105367543","https://openalex.org/W2107082099","https://openalex.org/W2109204210","https://openalex.org/W2113173252","https://openalex.org/W2120746231","https://openalex.org/W2133902468","https://openalex.org/W2140611647","https://openalex.org/W2141283509","https://openalex.org/W2148686658","https://openalex.org/W2151300542","https://openalex.org/W2158131309","https://openalex.org/W2166791480","https://openalex.org/W2168689817","https://openalex.org/W4245410964","https://openalex.org/W6678226261","https://openalex.org/W6682091879"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2423756825","https://openalex.org/W1977992006","https://openalex.org/W2953205341","https://openalex.org/W3046064555","https://openalex.org/W3137332895","https://openalex.org/W2092643327","https://openalex.org/W235065745","https://openalex.org/W2029935773","https://openalex.org/W2787754950","https://openalex.org/W1572215850"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"goal":[1],"of":[2,6,24,67,83,151],"the":[3,18,64,80,94,98,101,148],"SLOTH":[4,42,59,81,132,149],"family":[5],"operating":[7],"system":[8,95],"kernels":[9],"is":[10],"to":[11,17,26,96,126],"provide":[12],"a":[13,70,127],"unified":[14],"priority":[15,31,153],"space":[16],"real-time":[19],"applications.":[20],"By":[21],"automated":[22],"mapping":[23],"tasks":[25],"interrupts,":[27],"we":[28],"eliminate":[29],"rate-monotonic":[30],"inversion":[32],"and":[33,72,85,100,113,121,139,157],"increase":[34],"execution":[35,74],"determinism.":[36],"In":[37,124],"its":[38,89],"standard":[39],"implementation,":[40],"however,":[41],"has":[43],"been":[44],"criticized":[45],"for":[46,76],"being":[47],"unsafe,":[48],"since":[49],"interrupt":[50],"service":[51],"routines":[52],"are":[53],"executed":[54],"in":[55],"supervisor":[56],"mode.":[57],"SAFER":[58,131],"mitigates":[60],"this":[61],"shortcoming-while":[62],"keeping":[63],"favorable":[65],"properties":[66],"SLOTH-and":[68],"provides":[69],"safe":[71],"isolated":[73],"environment":[75],"application":[77,99],"tasks.":[78],"Adopting":[79],"philosophy":[82],"embracing":[84],"exploiting":[86],"hardware":[87],"particularities,":[88],"generative":[90],"approach":[91],"automatically":[92],"tailors":[93],"both":[97],"target":[102],"architecture.":[103],"We":[104],"achieve":[105],"efficient":[106],"MPU-based":[107],"memory":[108,159],"protection":[109],"at":[110],"reduced":[111],"latency":[112],"low":[114],"performance":[115],"overhead":[116],"by":[117],"leveraging":[118],"code":[119],"inlining":[120],"compiler":[122],"optimizations.":[123],"comparison":[125],"commercial":[128],"AUTOSAR":[129],"OS,":[130],"achieves":[133],"speedups":[134],"between":[135],"8x":[136],"(worst":[137],"case)":[138,142],"23x":[140],"(best":[141],"on":[143],"kernel":[144],"latencies":[145],"while":[146],"retaining":[147],"advantages":[150],"strict":[152],"obedience,":[154],"excellent":[155],"determinism":[156],"small":[158],"footprints.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}