{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130168329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/roman.2011.6005274","title":"A long-term Human-Robot Proxemic study","display_name":"A long-term Human-Robot Proxemic study","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130168329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/roman.2011.6005274","mag":"2130168329"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/roman.2011.6005274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/roman.2011.6005274","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 RO-MAN","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://uhra.herts.ac.uk/id/eprint/13233/1/906066.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029262171","display_name":"Michael L. Walters","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0047-1377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael L. Walters","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, UK","Adaptive Systems Research Group at the University of Hertfordshire, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group at the University of Hertfordshire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110230433","display_name":"Mohammedreza A. Oskoei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammedreza A. Oskoei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, UK","Adaptive Systems Research Group at the University of Hertfordshire, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group at the University of Hertfordshire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083583674","display_name":"Dag Sverre Syrdal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1339-4382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dag Sverre Syrdal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, UK","Adaptive Systems Research Group at the University of Hertfordshire, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group at the University of Hertfordshire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059371010","display_name":"Kerstin Dautenhahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9263-3897"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kerstin Dautenhahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, UK","Adaptive Systems Research Group at the University of Hertfordshire, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group at the University of Hertfordshire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029262171"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6649,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92532847,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"137","last_page":"142"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proxemics","display_name":"Proxemics","score":0.9744720458984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.844076931476593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.6445725560188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.5533018708229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5309153199195862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5255966186523438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","score":0.4860396981239319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4744333326816559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot-control","display_name":"Robot control","score":0.4188570976257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.4152943193912506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4114186763763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.36872464418411255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.3429008722305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2692944407463074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.05959141254425049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170334801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171755","display_name":"Proxemics","level":2,"score":0.9744720458984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.844076931476593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.6445725560188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5533018708229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5309153199195862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5255966186523438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145460709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","level":3,"score":0.4860396981239319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4744333326816559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65401140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353385","display_name":"Robot control","level":4,"score":0.4188570976257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4152943193912506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4114186763763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.36872464418411255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.3429008722305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2692944407463074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.05959141254425049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/roman.2011.6005274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/roman.2011.6005274","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 RO-MAN","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:uhra.herts.ac.uk:2299/16669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2299/16669","pdf_url":"https://uhra.herts.ac.uk/id/eprint/13233/1/906066.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400241","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire Research Archive (University of Hertfordshire)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","host_organization_name":"University of Hertfordshire","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:uhra.herts.ac.uk:2299/16669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2299/16669","pdf_url":"https://uhra.herts.ac.uk/id/eprint/13233/1/906066.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400241","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire Research Archive (University of Hertfordshire)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","host_organization_name":"University of Hertfordshire","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2130168329.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2130168329.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65718519","https://openalex.org/W578796096","https://openalex.org/W1546660442","https://openalex.org/W1567202646","https://openalex.org/W1602336767","https://openalex.org/W1966732563","https://openalex.org/W1970707217","https://openalex.org/W1978028128","https://openalex.org/W1980882881","https://openalex.org/W1987768879","https://openalex.org/W2000353207","https://openalex.org/W2002024051","https://openalex.org/W2026000422","https://openalex.org/W2060981264","https://openalex.org/W2131072478","https://openalex.org/W2134857549","https://openalex.org/W2155670832","https://openalex.org/W2158101081","https://openalex.org/W2159643278","https://openalex.org/W2161491286","https://openalex.org/W2164304727","https://openalex.org/W2250094803","https://openalex.org/W2292220267","https://openalex.org/W2541104997","https://openalex.org/W3139794247","https://openalex.org/W4205243614","https://openalex.org/W6602643694","https://openalex.org/W6632864794","https://openalex.org/W6635913557","https://openalex.org/W6643029886"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W625520767","https://openalex.org/W3097632046","https://openalex.org/W2551325580","https://openalex.org/W1886477626","https://openalex.org/W2762381663","https://openalex.org/W4385196987","https://openalex.org/W2013250606","https://openalex.org/W218732962","https://openalex.org/W1540467731","https://openalex.org/W1979383880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"long-term":[1],"Human-Robot":[2],"Proxemic":[3,13],"(HRP)":[4],"study":[5,96,145],"was":[6],"performed":[7],"using":[8],"a":[9,17,137],"newly":[10],"developed":[11],"Autonomous":[12],"System":[14],"(APS)":[15],"for":[16,46,65,102],"robot":[18,79,91,106,109,125,132],"to":[19,26,122,133,160],"measure":[20],"and":[21,45,107,174],"control":[22],"the":[23,27,40,47,78,84,90,105,108,111,124,131,144,152,161],"approach":[24,51,100,123,134],"distances":[25,64,101],"human":[28,112],"participants.":[29,67],"The":[30,95],"main":[31],"findings":[32],"were":[33,69,73,113,117,149],"that":[34,71,99,119],"most":[35],"HRP":[36,93],"adaptation":[37],"occurred":[38],"in":[39,89,136],"first":[41],"two":[42],"interaction":[43],"sessions,":[44],"remaining":[48],"four":[49],"weeks,":[50],"distance":[52],"preferences":[53],"remained":[54],"relatively":[55],"steady,":[56],"apart":[57],"from":[58],"some":[59,66],"short":[60],"periods":[61],"of":[62,86,165],"increased":[63],"There":[68],"indications":[70,118],"these":[72],"associated":[74],"with":[75,151],"episodes":[76],"where":[77],"malfunctioned,":[80],"so":[81],"this":[82],"raises":[83],"possibility":[85],"users":[87],"trust":[88],"affecting":[92],"distance.":[94],"also":[97],"found":[98],"humans":[103,120],"approaching":[104,110],"comparable,":[114],"though":[115],"there":[116],"preferred":[121],"more":[126],"closely":[127],"than":[128],"they":[129,148],"allowed":[130],"them":[135],"physically":[138],"restricted":[139],"area.":[140],"Two":[141],"participants":[142],"left":[143],"prematurely,":[146],"stating":[147],"bored":[150],"repetitive":[153],"experimental":[154,167],"procedures.":[155],"This":[156],"highlights":[157],"issues":[158],"related":[159],"often":[162],"incompatible":[163],"demands":[164],"keeping":[166],"controlled":[168],"conditions":[169],"vs.":[170],"having":[171],"realistic,":[172],"engaging":[173],"varied":[175],"HRI":[176],"trial":[177],"scenarios.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}