{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1609220526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robot.1987.1087964","title":"Sketch: A simple-to-use programming system for visually guided robotic arc welding","display_name":"Sketch: A simple-to-use programming system for visually guided robotic arc welding","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-03-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1609220526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robot.1987.1087964","mag":"1609220526"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/robot.1987.1087964","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robot.1987.1087964","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. 1987 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029556794","display_name":"Jeff L. DeCurtins","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298353152","display_name":"SRI International","ror":"https://ror.org/05s570m15","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. DeCurtins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019901690","display_name":"Jan H. Kremers","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298353152","display_name":"SRI International","ror":"https://ror.org/05s570m15","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Kremers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Laboratory, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12195122,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"625","last_page":"630"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10653","display_name":"Robot Manipulation and Learning","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.7204208970069885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot-welding","display_name":"Robot welding","score":0.6639217734336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6429898142814636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.6290810108184814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.6128684282302856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-vision","display_name":"Machine vision","score":0.5935359001159668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.5530658960342407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-programming","display_name":"Automatic programming","score":0.5315040946006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interactive-programming","display_name":"Interactive programming","score":0.5183630585670471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/welding","display_name":"Welding","score":0.5149622559547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44977331161499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.43700188398361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.43126416206359863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cad","display_name":"CAD","score":0.42728284001350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.335862934589386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2861301004886627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.20013964176177979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.17096790671348572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11345672607421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.10697761178016663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.10334742069244385}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.7204208970069885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118198166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2327264","display_name":"Robot welding","level":3,"score":0.6639217734336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6429898142814636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.6290810108184814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.6128684282302856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5339829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1425977","display_name":"Machine vision","level":2,"score":0.5935359001159668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.5530658960342407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777394884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q762268","display_name":"Automatic programming","level":2,"score":0.5315040946006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779125210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16622442","display_name":"Interactive programming","level":2,"score":0.5183630585670471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19474535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131172","display_name":"Welding","level":2,"score":0.5149622559547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44977331161499023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.43700188398361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.43126416206359863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194789388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17855283","display_name":"CAD","level":2,"score":0.42728284001350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.335862934589386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2861301004886627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.20013964176177979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.17096790671348572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11345672607421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.10697761178016663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10334742069244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/robot.1987.1087964","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robot.1987.1087964","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. 1987 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511549233"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378994405","https://openalex.org/W2385974820","https://openalex.org/W2373478030","https://openalex.org/W2378679551","https://openalex.org/W3149739944","https://openalex.org/W4287883470","https://openalex.org/W2111445473","https://openalex.org/W2994210744","https://openalex.org/W2605009457","https://openalex.org/W1609220526"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Programmability,":[0],"the":[1,37,129,141,145],"principal":[2],"advantage":[3],"of":[4,34,105,114,144],"a":[5,31,79,124,138],"robot":[6,24,92],"over":[7],"traditional":[8],"hard":[9],"automation,":[10],"may":[11,29],"become":[12],"more":[13],"difficult":[14],"to":[15,22,36,44,122,127,147],"achieve":[16],"when":[17],"vision":[18,130],"systems":[19,28],"are":[20,49],"used":[21],"enhance":[23],"capabilities":[25],"because":[26],"such":[27],"add":[30],"significant":[32],"level":[33],"complexity":[35],"programming":[38,67,78,93],"task.":[39],"CAD/CAM":[40],"data":[41],"on":[42,137],"which":[43,89],"base":[45],"automatic":[46,66],"program":[47,128],"generation":[48],"expensive":[50],"and":[51,112,119,133],"unavailable":[52],"in":[53,57,70,77,85],"many":[54],"applications,":[55],"particularly":[56],"small":[58],"batch":[59],"or":[60,97],"low":[61],"volume":[62],"manufacturing.":[63],"The":[64],"SKETCH":[65],"facility,":[68],"described":[69],"this":[71],"paper,":[72],"is":[73,94,120],"designed":[74,121],"for":[75,88,116],"use":[76],"visually":[80],"guided":[81],"robotic":[82],"arc-welding":[83],"system":[84,131],"those":[86],"applications":[87],"CAD/CAM-based":[90],"off-line":[91],"either":[95],"infeasable":[96],"unavailable.":[98],"This":[99],"facility":[100],"was":[101],"developed":[102],"as":[103],"part":[104],"SRI's":[106],"ongoing":[107],"research":[108],"into":[109],"machine-vision-based":[110],"guidance":[111],"control":[113],"robots":[115],"arc":[117],"welding":[118],"allow":[123],"skilled":[125],"welder":[126],"quickly":[132],"easily":[134],"by":[135],"sketching":[136],"graphics":[139],"screen":[140],"cross":[142],"section":[143],"seam":[146],"be":[148],"welded.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
