{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2947764486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robosoft.2019.8722793","title":"An Elastomer-based Flexible Optical Force and Tactile Sensor","display_name":"An Elastomer-based Flexible Optical Force and Tactile Sensor","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2947764486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robosoft.2019.8722793","mag":"2947764486"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/robosoft.2019.8722793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robosoft.2019.8722793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498402","display_name":"2019 2nd IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 2nd IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101884755","display_name":"Wanlin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8538-8571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wanlin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Advanced Robotics @ Queen Mary (ARQ), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Advanced Robotics @ Queen Mary (ARQ), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057703756","display_name":"Jelizaveta Konstantinova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4499-345X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jelizaveta Konstantinova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Advanced Robotics @ Queen Mary (ARQ), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Advanced Robotics @ Queen Mary (ARQ), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107963334","display_name":"Yohan Noh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1103-6397"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yohan Noh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Robotics Research (CoRe), King's College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Robotics Research (CoRe), King's College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089090475","display_name":"Zixiang Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2900-5214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zixiang Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022863238","display_name":"Akram Alomainy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5802-9194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akram Alomainy","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042583278","display_name":"Kaspar Althoefer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1141-9996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaspar Althoefer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Advanced Robotics @ Queen Mary (ARQ), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Advanced Robotics @ Queen Mary (ARQ), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101884755"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.2257,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97971228,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"361","last_page":"366"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.968999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tactile-sensor","display_name":"Tactile sensor","score":0.8750669956207275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elastomer","display_name":"Elastomer","score":0.7302606105804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5974193215370178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4650019407272339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opacity","display_name":"Opacity","score":0.4202280044555664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.4167841374874115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.41148242354393005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3895224928855896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35260552167892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.11582916975021362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08415481448173523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07495325803756714}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46722567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7674139","display_name":"Tactile sensor","level":3,"score":0.8750669956207275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38052585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252266","display_name":"Elastomer","level":2,"score":0.7302606105804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5974193215370178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4650019407272339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60056205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691914","display_name":"Opacity","level":2,"score":0.4202280044555664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4167841374874115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.41148242354393005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3895224928855896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35260552167892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.11582916975021362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08415481448173523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07495325803756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/robosoft.2019.8722793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robosoft.2019.8722793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498402","display_name":"2019 2nd IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 2nd IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330083","display_name":"National Centre for Nuclear Robotics","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491286533","https://openalex.org/W1548071717","https://openalex.org/W1588691653","https://openalex.org/W1983156320","https://openalex.org/W2013849026","https://openalex.org/W2103088500","https://openalex.org/W2123689568","https://openalex.org/W2137225744","https://openalex.org/W2550571819","https://openalex.org/W2763068556","https://openalex.org/W2783627282","https://openalex.org/W2837391606","https://openalex.org/W2883243238","https://openalex.org/W2964295617","https://openalex.org/W4251181231","https://openalex.org/W6629650879"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W1998204504","https://openalex.org/W2778860302","https://openalex.org/W3085403569","https://openalex.org/W3191724835","https://openalex.org/W2062945851","https://openalex.org/W2391493454","https://openalex.org/W2987448445","https://openalex.org/W3120899711","https://openalex.org/W2047666628"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tactile":[0],"and":[1,35,59,84,119,136,149,158],"force":[2,58,85,135],"sensing":[3,86,128,175],"devices":[4],"that":[5,55,88,169],"are":[6,24],"capable":[7,173],"to":[8,132,179],"interactively":[9],"explore":[10],"the":[11,97,103,109,142,145,156,162,170],"external":[12],"environment":[13],"have":[14],"attracted":[15],"a":[16,53,77,117,150],"lot":[17],"of":[18,52,69,105,111,144,161,174,185],"research":[19],"interest.":[20],"Optical-based":[21],"tactile":[22,60,83,98,137],"sensors":[23],"becoming":[25],"popular":[26],"because":[27,36],"they":[28],"do":[29],"not":[30],"suffer":[31],"from":[32,108],"electromagnetic":[33],"interference":[34],"improved":[37],"signal":[38],"processing":[39],"techniques":[40],"enable":[41],"intelligent":[42],"sensor":[43,54,115],"data":[44],"classification.":[45],"However,":[46],"there":[47],"is":[48,100,130,172],"still":[49],"no":[50],"implementation":[51],"measures":[56],"both":[57,90,134],"information":[61,91,99,138],"concurrently":[62],"in":[63,67,102],"an":[64,81,123,183],"efficient":[65],"manner":[66],"terms":[68],"material":[70],"efficiency.":[71],"In":[72,95],"this":[73],"research,":[74],"we":[75,154],"present":[76,155],"novel":[78],"design":[79,121],"for":[80],"elastomer-based":[82],"device":[87],"senses":[89],"within":[92],"one":[93],"elastomer.":[94,125],"addition,":[96],"measured":[101],"form":[104],"pressure":[106],"distribution":[107],"surface":[110],"objects.":[112],"The":[113,126,165],"proposed":[114],"has":[116],"soft":[118],"compliant":[120],"employing":[122],"opaque":[124],"optical":[127],"method":[129],"used":[131],"measure":[133],"simultaneously":[139],"based":[140],"on":[141],"deformation":[143],"reflective":[146],"elastomer":[147],"structure":[148],"flexure":[151],"structure.":[152],"Here,":[153],"fabrication":[157],"development":[159],"principles":[160],"overall":[163],"sensor.":[164],"experimental":[166],"evaluation":[167],"shows":[168],"prototype":[171],"normal":[176],"forces":[177],"up":[178],"70":[180],"N":[181],"with":[182],"error":[184],"6.6%.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}