{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3002514056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio49542.2019.8961544","title":"Road Curb Detection Using A Novel Tensor Voting Algorithm","display_name":"Road Curb Detection Using A Novel Tensor Voting Algorithm","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3002514056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio49542.2019.8961544","mag":"3002514056"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/robio49542.2019.8961544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio49542.2019.8961544","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067350621","display_name":"Yilong Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5332-0794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yilong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary,Hong Kong SAR,China","Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary,Hong Kong SAR,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071835685","display_name":"Dong Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0692-6467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019023411","display_name":"Bohuan Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0332-3967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bohuan Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary,Hong Kong SAR,China","Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary,Hong Kong SAR,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048730226","display_name":"Jianhao Jiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7372-266X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhao Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary,Hong Kong SAR,China","Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary,Hong Kong SAR,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009946627","display_name":"Zuhao Zou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zuhao Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100347785","display_name":"Ming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-238X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary,Hong Kong SAR,China","Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary,Hong Kong SAR,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038867899","display_name":"Rui Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2593-6596"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary,Hong Kong SAR,China","Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary,Hong Kong SAR,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics and Multi-Perception Laborotary, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067350621"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6762,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9586322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"590","last_page":"595"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupancy-grid-mapping","display_name":"Occupancy grid mapping","score":0.8151884078979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7567828893661499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7251178026199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.7185992002487183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voting","display_name":"Voting","score":0.5786814093589783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5349973440170288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.509339451789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.47756749391555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4758593440055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.46955329179763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensor","display_name":"Tensor (intrinsic definition)","score":0.46951907873153687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.45726335048675537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/road-surface","display_name":"Road surface","score":0.43160057067871094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.42516466975212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.3736497163772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.27897197008132935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.15859118103981018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13685646653175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13237997889518738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57077369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075747","display_name":"Occupancy grid mapping","level":4,"score":0.8151884078979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7567828893661499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7251178026199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.7185992002487183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.5786814093589783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5349973440170288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.509339451789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.47756749391555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4758593440055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.46955329179763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155281189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518150","display_name":"Tensor (intrinsic definition)","level":2,"score":0.46951907873153687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.45726335048675537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780042925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049667","display_name":"Road surface","level":2,"score":0.43160057067871094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.42516466975212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.3736497163772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.27897197008132935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.15859118103981018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13685646653175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13237997889518738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/robio49542.2019.8961544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio49542.2019.8961544","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-103002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-103002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.ust.hk:1783.1-103002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://lbdiscover.ust.hk/uresolver?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rfr_id=info:sid/HKUST:SPI&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.date=2019&rft.spage=&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Yilong&rft.atitle=Road+Curb+Detection+Using+A+Novel+Tensor+Voting+Algorithm&rft.title=","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1788814773","https://openalex.org/W1953793983","https://openalex.org/W2007448829","https://openalex.org/W2014720658","https://openalex.org/W2036835491","https://openalex.org/W2061600793","https://openalex.org/W2062520712","https://openalex.org/W2101132672","https://openalex.org/W2114594320","https://openalex.org/W2135148444","https://openalex.org/W2142782166","https://openalex.org/W2143742957","https://openalex.org/W2159693038","https://openalex.org/W2160584648","https://openalex.org/W2163470068","https://openalex.org/W2172174906","https://openalex.org/W2296228853","https://openalex.org/W2596750703","https://openalex.org/W2766115896","https://openalex.org/W2792796963","https://openalex.org/W2966168550","https://openalex.org/W6685190505","https://openalex.org/W6697304529","https://openalex.org/W6745134620","https://openalex.org/W6766322783","https://openalex.org/W6940253069"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319317934","https://openalex.org/W2901265155","https://openalex.org/W2956374172","https://openalex.org/W4319837668","https://openalex.org/W4308071650","https://openalex.org/W3188333020","https://openalex.org/W4281783339","https://openalex.org/W4293094720","https://openalex.org/W2739701376","https://openalex.org/W2588867189"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Road":[0],"curb":[1,32],"detection":[2,33],"is":[3,39],"very":[4],"important":[5],"and":[6,17,66,76],"necessary":[7],"for":[8],"autonomous":[9],"driving":[10],"because":[11],"it":[12],"can":[13,122],"improve":[14],"the":[15,23,45,64,82,86,92,100],"safety":[16],"robustness":[18],"of":[19,85,110],"robot":[20],"navigation":[21],"in":[22],"outdoor":[24],"environment.":[25],"In":[26],"this":[27],"paper,":[28],"a":[29,51,57,77],"novel":[30],"road":[31,87,124],"method":[34,43],"based":[35],"on":[36],"tensor":[37,59],"voting":[38,60],"presented.":[40],"The":[41,114],"proposed":[42,120],"processes":[44],"dense":[46],"point":[47,83],"cloud":[48],"acquired":[49],"using":[50],"3D":[52],"LiDAR.":[53],"Firstly,":[54],"we":[55,70,90],"utilize":[56,91],"sparse":[58],"approach":[61],"to":[62,80,95],"extract":[63,81],"line":[65],"surface":[67,78],"features.":[68],"Then,":[69],"use":[71],"an":[72,107],"adaptive":[73],"height":[74,93],"threshold":[75,94],"vector":[79],"clouds":[84],"curbs.":[88],"Finally,":[89],"segment":[96],"different":[97],"obstacles":[98],"from":[99],"occupancy":[101],"grid":[102],"map.":[103],"This":[104],"also":[105],"provides":[106],"effective":[108],"way":[109],"generating":[111],"high-definition":[112],"maps.":[113],"experimental":[115],"results":[116],"illustrate":[117],"that":[118],"our":[119],"algorithm":[121],"detect":[123],"curbs":[125],"with":[126],"near":[127],"real-time":[128],"performance.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}