{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921785030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8665145","title":"Research on Bending and Torsion Properties of Bionic Square Continuum Robot","display_name":"Research on Bending and Torsion Properties of Bionic Square Continuum Robot","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921785030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8665145","mag":"2921785030"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/robio.2018.8665145","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8665145","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010904225","display_name":"Jiaorong Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiaorong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091891407","display_name":"Tao Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9509-0584"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100408802","display_name":"Long Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-8550"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023054603","display_name":"Fei Xiang Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030713680","display_name":"Yingzhong Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2494-8667"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingzhong Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109303576","display_name":"Yang Xian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Xian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067337603","display_name":"Fengfeng Xi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-2441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengfeng Xi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010904225"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18634391,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"361","last_page":"366"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torsion","display_name":"Torsion (gastropod)","score":0.7185726165771484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curvature","display_name":"Curvature","score":0.6472945213317871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.6256208419799805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stiffness","display_name":"Stiffness","score":0.5136682391166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.4940243363380432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomimetics","display_name":"Biomimetics","score":0.4559815526008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bending-moment","display_name":"Bending moment","score":0.4389909505844116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.43595758080482483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42374515533447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3437288701534271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.34258872270584106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2919504642486572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24032840132713318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.2160722315311432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21044844388961792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77461463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7827201","display_name":"Torsion (gastropod)","level":2,"score":0.7185726165771484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.6472945213317871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.6256208419799805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779372316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057","display_name":"Stiffness","level":2,"score":0.5136682391166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.4940243363380432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165062768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145644","display_name":"Biomimetics","level":2,"score":0.4559815526008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70673446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857244","display_name":"Bending moment","level":2,"score":0.4389909505844116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.43595758080482483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42374515533447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3437288701534271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.34258872270584106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2919504642486572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24032840132713318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.2160722315311432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21044844388961792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/robio.2018.8665145","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8665145","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490639756","https://openalex.org/W1515749184","https://openalex.org/W1786628970","https://openalex.org/W1979639141","https://openalex.org/W2013876510","https://openalex.org/W2025613329","https://openalex.org/W2027454283","https://openalex.org/W2067477688","https://openalex.org/W2079574144","https://openalex.org/W2083035909","https://openalex.org/W2101667962","https://openalex.org/W2102342687","https://openalex.org/W2123629091","https://openalex.org/W2163566443","https://openalex.org/W2566408454","https://openalex.org/W2606946219","https://openalex.org/W2741562820","https://openalex.org/W2782435507"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012995867","https://openalex.org/W2410775454","https://openalex.org/W3015582614","https://openalex.org/W2765495093","https://openalex.org/W3123515255","https://openalex.org/W102508450","https://openalex.org/W2275441459","https://openalex.org/W4230505810","https://openalex.org/W2581074659","https://openalex.org/W2030178872"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Continuum":[0],"robot,":[1,159],"often":[2],"taking":[3],"inspiration":[4],"from":[5],"biomimetics,":[6],"is":[7,76,148],"an":[8],"exciting":[9],"novel":[10,48],"research":[11],"field":[12],"and":[13,32,39,69,85,92,97,108,135,172],"has":[14,35,113],"great":[15,40],"capability.":[16],"The":[17,74,95],"higher":[18],"stiffness":[19],"continuum":[20,50,158],"robot":[21,51,170],"may":[22],"be":[23],"inspired":[24],"by":[25],"the":[26,55,66,83,118,126,164,169,176],"biology,":[27],"such":[28],"as":[29],"seahorse,":[30],"pipefish":[31],"pipehorse,":[33],"which":[34,64,160],"both":[36,65,105],"strong":[37],"skeleton":[38],"dexterity.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"paper,":[44],"we":[45],"present":[46],"a":[47,111,152],"square":[49,60,79],"(SCR),":[52],"according":[53],"to":[54,77,81,116,150],"simplified":[56],"model":[57,107],"of":[58,100,154],"those":[59,87],"shape":[61],"fish,":[62],"in":[63,104,121,132,137,143],"bending":[67,96,134],"curvature":[68],"torsional":[70],"angle":[71],"are":[72,102,140],"controllable.":[73],"idea":[75],"employ":[78],"components":[80,88],"mimic":[82],"armor":[84],"connected":[86],"with":[89],"ball":[90],"pair":[91],"soft":[93],"skin.":[94],"twisting":[98],"capabilities":[99],"SCR":[101],"explored":[103],"numerical":[106,127],"prototype,":[109],"while":[110],"comparison":[112],"been":[114],"done":[115],"analysis":[117],"dexterity":[119],"difference":[120],"different":[122],"situations.":[123],"Based":[124],"on":[125],"model,":[128],"relationship":[129],"between":[130],"angle-moment":[131],"pure":[133,138],"angle-torque":[136],"torsion":[139],"shown":[141],"respectively":[142],"simulation":[144],"curve.":[145],"This":[146],"topic":[147],"expected":[149],"provide":[151,173],"type":[153],"new":[155],"structure":[156],"for":[157,175],"not":[161],"only":[162],"expands":[163],"dexterity,":[165],"but":[166],"also":[167],"make":[168],"stiffer,":[171],"basic":[174],"further":[177],"study.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T13:04:00.132906","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}