{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2922134324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8665131","title":"CNN and PCA Based Visual System of A Wheelchair Manipulator Robot for Automatic Drinking","display_name":"CNN and PCA Based Visual System of A Wheelchair Manipulator Robot for Automatic Drinking","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2922134324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8665131","mag":"2922134324"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/robio.2018.8665131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8665131","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103204018","display_name":"Zhijun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4538-8187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhijun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation Science & Engineering South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation Science & Engineering South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101866586","display_name":"Mao Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9275-4632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation Science & Engineering South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation Science & Engineering South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100649535","display_name":"Ke Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0928-5199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic & Information Engineering South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic & Information Engineering South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005130812","display_name":"Lin Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-3490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I144581915","display_name":"Jishou University","ror":"https://ror.org/056szk247","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I144581915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science & Engineering jishou University, Jishou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science & Engineering jishou University, Jishou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I144581915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052115720","display_name":"Bolin Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9036-2723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I144581915","display_name":"Jishou University","ror":"https://ror.org/056szk247","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I144581915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bolin Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science & Engineering jishou University, Jishou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science & Engineering jishou University, Jishou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I144581915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100665304","display_name":"Chunquan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5493-6379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunquan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091634823","display_name":"Penzchao Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187175081","display_name":"Shaanxi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/056m91h77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187175081"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Penzchao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of Industrial Automation of Shannxi Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of Industrial Automation of Shannxi Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187175081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103204018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3622,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63214533,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1280","last_page":"1286"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.9753999710083008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheelchair","display_name":"Wheelchair","score":0.7758617997169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grasp","display_name":"GRASP","score":0.7380819320678711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.7101937532424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7004221677780151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6623239517211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.574276328086853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5588558316230774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5527653098106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5462489128112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4620811939239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20676499605178833}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781042323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191931","display_name":"Wheelchair","level":2,"score":0.7758617997169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171268870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1486676","display_name":"GRASP","level":2,"score":0.7380819320678711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.7101937532424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7004221677780151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6623239517211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.574276328086853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5588558316230774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5527653098106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5462489128112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4620811939239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20676499605178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/robio.2018.8665131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8665131","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1673310716","https://openalex.org/W1718442951","https://openalex.org/W1994349244","https://openalex.org/W2027461913","https://openalex.org/W2056898157","https://openalex.org/W2096579040","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2128942651","https://openalex.org/W2138038313","https://openalex.org/W2152864241","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2167667767","https://openalex.org/W2554260549","https://openalex.org/W2586073474","https://openalex.org/W2613718673","https://openalex.org/W2736821161","https://openalex.org/W2740924709","https://openalex.org/W2752006932","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W3099655382","https://openalex.org/W4252309212","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6637131181","https://openalex.org/W6684191040"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4378364071","https://openalex.org/W2399287283","https://openalex.org/W2163296013","https://openalex.org/W2743859443","https://openalex.org/W1998563140","https://openalex.org/W2326995835","https://openalex.org/W165915117","https://openalex.org/W2742303892","https://openalex.org/W2059402478","https://openalex.org/W2123347777"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"help":[1],"the":[2,46,50,56,82,87,94,98,102,110,118,135,156],"disabled":[3],"who":[4],"suffers":[5],"from":[6,101],"paralysis":[7],"with":[8],"activities":[9,58],"of":[10,55,120,137,148,158],"daily":[11,167],"living":[12],"(ADL)":[13],"and":[14,27,44,73,80,91,116,154,161],"extend":[15],"their":[16],"athletic":[17],"ability,":[18],"we":[19,36,128,144],"propose":[20],"a":[21,67],"shared":[22],"control":[23],"wheelchair":[24],"manipulator":[25,88],"robot":[26,40],"fully":[28],"discuss":[29],"its":[30,78],"visual":[31,68,95],"system.":[32,139],"In":[33],"this":[34,138],"paper,":[35],"design":[37],"an":[38,146],"assistive":[39],"to":[41,70,89,133],"automatically":[42,71],"detect":[43,72,81],"perform":[45,61],"drinking":[47],"task":[48],"for":[49,86],"disabled,":[51],"which":[52],"is":[53,164],"one":[54],"basic":[57],"people":[59],"would":[60],"every":[62],"day.":[63],"This":[64],"system":[65,69,96],"incorporates":[66],"recognize":[74,109],"target":[75,111,121],"cups,":[76,160],"estimate":[77,117],"orientation":[79,119,157],"user's":[83],"mouth":[84],"location":[85],"grasp":[90],"deliver.":[92],"Specifically,":[93],"separates":[97],"potential":[99],"objects":[100],"background":[103],"by":[104,112,123],"applying":[105],"region":[106],"growing":[107],"twice,":[108],"convolutional":[113],"neural":[114],"network":[115],"object":[122],"PCA":[124],"based":[125],"method.":[126],"Finally,":[127],"carried":[129],"out":[130],"two":[131],"experiments":[132],"evaluate":[134],"effectiveness":[136],"The":[140],"result":[141],"shows":[142],"that":[143],"achieve":[145],"average":[147],"90.3%":[149],"success":[150],"rate":[151],"when":[152],"detecting":[153],"estimating":[155],"handleless":[159],"our":[162],"approach":[163],"practical":[165],"in":[166],"activities.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}