{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921158709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8664813","title":"Towards Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Chinese Calligraphy Robot","display_name":"Towards Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Chinese Calligraphy Robot","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921158709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8664813","mag":"2921158709"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/robio.2018.8664813","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8664813","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062752301","display_name":"Ruiqi Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2384-2414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruiqi Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cognitive Science Department, Xiamen University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitive Science Department, Xiamen University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065462838","display_name":"Wubing Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wubing Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cognitive Science Department, Xiamen University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitive Science Department, Xiamen University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000389309","display_name":"Fei Chao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6928-2638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16038530","display_name":"Aberystwyth University","ror":"https://ror.org/015m2p889","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Chao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080807489","display_name":"Xingen Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7385-5825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingen Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cognitive Science Department, Xiamen University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitive Science Department, Xiamen University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101399826","display_name":"Changle Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6779-7670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changle Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cognitive Science Department, Xiamen University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitive Science Department, Xiamen University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065079117","display_name":"Longzhi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2115-4909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","display_name":"Northumbria University","ror":"https://ror.org/049e6bc10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longzhi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076097922","display_name":"Chih\u2010Min Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2107-5012"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99908691","display_name":"Yuan Ze University","ror":"https://ror.org/01fv1ds98","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chih-Min Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Eneineering, Yuan Ze University, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Eneineering, Yuan Ze University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039652471","display_name":"Changjing Shang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6375-6276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16038530","display_name":"Aberystwyth University","ror":"https://ror.org/015m2p889","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changjing Shang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16038530"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062752301"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1036,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80058836,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"507","last_page":"512"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9679999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calligraphy","display_name":"Calligraphy","score":0.9107296466827393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7710670232772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7670705318450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6900985240936279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.560183584690094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.5416224002838135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-characters","display_name":"Chinese characters","score":0.5011565685272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.48202502727508545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.45672258734703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.45487579703330994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.436939001083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.35836490988731384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.35039597749710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3369578421115875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10589730739593506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07819542288780212}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526940114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12681","display_name":"Calligraphy","level":3,"score":0.9107296466827393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7710670232772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7670705318450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6900985240936279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.560183584690094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5416224002838135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781051154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8201","display_name":"Chinese characters","level":2,"score":0.5011565685272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.48202502727508545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45672258734703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.45487579703330994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.436939001083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.35836490988731384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35039597749710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3369578421115875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10589730739593506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07819542288780212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205783811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11629","display_name":"Painting","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/robio.2018.8664813","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2018.8664813","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W92071624","https://openalex.org/W1568858800","https://openalex.org/W2004047985","https://openalex.org/W2046747440","https://openalex.org/W2048664895","https://openalex.org/W2059868376","https://openalex.org/W2110826994","https://openalex.org/W2128492742","https://openalex.org/W2283094357","https://openalex.org/W2340943204","https://openalex.org/W2372857442","https://openalex.org/W2519835781","https://openalex.org/W2561378783","https://openalex.org/W2567612369","https://openalex.org/W2575705757","https://openalex.org/W2614900469","https://openalex.org/W2890643296","https://openalex.org/W6603764457","https://openalex.org/W6731722918"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357799909","https://openalex.org/W2921183733","https://openalex.org/W3208544541","https://openalex.org/W2357953719","https://openalex.org/W2385192443","https://openalex.org/W2383960131","https://openalex.org/W2380164763","https://openalex.org/W2381493610","https://openalex.org/W2068846974","https://openalex.org/W2391760175"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Learning":[0],"how":[1],"to":[2,16,23,65,94,138,190],"write":[3,95,192],"Chinese":[4,29,97,194],"character":[5,98,195],"strokes":[6,99,196],"from":[7,68,100,197,210],"the":[8,17,25,34,53,104,111,116,119,129,134,140,144,152,156,166,169,183],"stroke":[9,101,176,198],"images":[10],"directly,":[11],"has":[12],"a":[13,75,91,146,175,187,203],"great":[14],"significance":[15],"inheritance":[18],"of":[19,28,33,46,57,113,143],"calligraphy":[20,67,76,188],"art":[21],"and":[22,55,118],"imitate":[24],"writing":[26,106,125,141,208],"style":[27],"calligraphers.":[30],"However,":[31],"most":[32],"existing":[35,39],"methods":[36,48,61],"directly":[37],"applied":[38],"samples":[40],"with":[41],"action":[42,126,142],"labels.":[43],"The":[44,121],"performance":[45],"these":[47,60],"is":[49,84,108,149,161],"often":[50],"limited":[51],"by":[52,133],"quality":[54],"number":[56],"samples.":[58,70],"Thus,":[59],"cannot":[62],"be":[63],"used":[64,162],"learn":[66],"unlabeled":[69],"To":[71],"address":[72],"this":[73,87],"problem,":[74],"robotic":[77,92],"model":[78,170,185,201],"based":[79,127],"on":[80,128,151,165,174],"deep":[81],"reinforcement":[82],"learning":[83],"proposed":[85,184],"in":[86,163],"paper,":[88],"which":[89],"enables":[90],"arm":[93],"fundamental":[96,193],"images.":[102,199,211],"In":[103,136,154],"model,":[105],"task":[107],"seen":[109],"as":[110],"process":[112],"interaction":[114],"between":[115],"robot":[117,122,189],"environment.":[120,135],"makes":[123],"appropriate":[124],"state":[130],"information":[131],"provided":[132],"order":[137],"evaluate":[139],"robot,":[145],"reward":[147],"function":[148],"designed":[150],"model.":[153,167],"addition,":[155],"stochastic":[157],"policy":[158],"gradient":[159],"method":[160],"training":[164],"Finally,":[168],"was":[171],"extensively":[172],"experimented":[173],"data":[177],"set.":[178],"Environmental":[179],"results":[180],"demonstrate":[181],"that":[182],"allows":[186],"successfully":[191],"This":[200],"provides":[202],"promising":[204],"solution":[205],"for":[206],"reconstructing":[207],"actions":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-02-27T16:54:17.756197","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
