{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005118274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2014.7090686","title":"Controller-free ratio-variable gearbox for hybrid powertrain: Implementation and testing","display_name":"Controller-free ratio-variable gearbox for hybrid powertrain: Implementation and testing","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005118274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2014.7090686","mag":"2005118274"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/robio.2014.7090686","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2014.7090686","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2014)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101427561","display_name":"Shuaijun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6848-0798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuaijun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Automatic Control, Institute of Automatic Control, Gliwice, Poland","Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Automatic Control, Institute of Automatic Control, Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086891709","display_name":"Ning Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0264-4876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Automatic Control, Institute of Automatic Control, Gliwice, Poland","Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Automatic Control, Institute of Automatic Control, Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044361827","display_name":"Huihuan Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8269-0882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huihuan Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Automatic Control, Institute of Automatic Control, Gliwice, Poland","Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Automatic Control, Institute of Automatic Control, Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100635474","display_name":"Weimin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9325-0057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weimin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100736086","display_name":"Guoqing Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2225-5445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoqing Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112309496","display_name":"Yangsheng Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangsheng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09510554,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"2333","last_page":"2337"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/powertrain","display_name":"Powertrain","score":0.8777855634689331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.6732885837554932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuously-variable-transmission","display_name":"Continuously variable transmission","score":0.6702987551689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.6422293782234192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.5806068181991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.545561671257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5363797545433044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.45612823963165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.42424941062927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.421532541513443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.41166165471076965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3842697739601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.3751988410949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.12793707847595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07130131125450134}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76047896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786258","display_name":"Powertrain","level":3,"score":0.8777855634689331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.6732885837554932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193235527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863787","display_name":"Continuously variable transmission","level":3,"score":0.6702987551689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.6422293782234192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.5806068181991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.545561671257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5363797545433044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.45612823963165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.42424941062927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.421532541513443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41166165471076965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3842697739601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.3751988410949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12793707847595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07130131125450134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/robio.2014.7090686","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2014.7090686","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2014)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W45867219","https://openalex.org/W68597272","https://openalex.org/W1544158680","https://openalex.org/W1567632328","https://openalex.org/W2004233091","https://openalex.org/W2128021564","https://openalex.org/W2157635303","https://openalex.org/W2168234067","https://openalex.org/W6602839966","https://openalex.org/W6683206223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2555364872","https://openalex.org/W2122754233","https://openalex.org/W2559963787","https://openalex.org/W4240602259","https://openalex.org/W4392963602","https://openalex.org/W2905119441","https://openalex.org/W2093791761","https://openalex.org/W3205726167","https://openalex.org/W2045676025","https://openalex.org/W4311970215"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"provide":[1],"a":[2,10,51,72,88],"high":[3,11,47],"starting":[4],"torque":[5],"and":[6,43,46,65,92,108],"to":[7,59,119],"work":[8,104],"under":[9],"rpm":[12],"range":[13],"are":[14],"the":[15,19,63,66,103,111,116,123],"design":[16,45,76],"requirements":[17,37],"for":[18,24],"integrated":[20],"startgenerators":[21],"(ISG)":[22],"used":[23],"intelligent":[25],"vehicles":[26],"with":[27,32,40,53],"hybrid":[28],"powertrains.":[29],"However,":[30],"meeting":[31],"both":[33],"of":[34,110,115],"these":[35],"two":[36],"usually":[38],"involves":[39],"sophisticated":[41],"motor":[42],"controller":[44,97],"manufacturing":[48],"cost.":[49],"Hence,":[50],"transmission":[52],"variable":[54],"reduction":[55],"ratio":[56],"is":[57],"desired":[58],"be":[60,120],"configured":[61],"between":[62],"ISG":[64],"engine.":[67],"In":[68],"an":[69],"earlier":[70],"paper,":[71],"Controller-Free":[73],"Ratio-Variable":[74],"gearbox":[75,117],"concept":[77],"has":[78],"been":[79],"introduced,":[80],"which":[81],"can":[82],"auto":[83],"change":[84],"gear":[85],"ratios":[86],"in":[87],"purely":[89],"mechanical":[90],"way":[91],"avoid":[93],"from":[94],"using":[95],"any":[96],"or":[98],"actuators.":[99],"This":[100],"paper":[101],"represents":[102],"on":[105],"implementation,":[106],"testing":[107],"evaluation":[109],"gearbox.":[112],"The":[113],"performance":[114],"proof":[118],"functional":[121],"though":[122],"test":[124],"result.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}