{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2159046463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2007.4522192","title":"μIMU-based handwriting recognition calibration by optical tracking","display_name":"μIMU-based handwriting recognition calibration by optical tracking","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2159046463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2007.4522192","mag":"2159046463"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/robio.2007.4522192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2007.4522192","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000654757","display_name":"Zhuxin Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9059-2430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhuxin Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Micro and Nano Systems, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Micro and Nano Systems, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078395994","display_name":"Guanglie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2168-8863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanglie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Micro and Nano Systems, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Micro and Nano Systems, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111799358","display_name":"Chi Chiu Tsang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Chiu Tsang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019481197","display_name":"Guangyi Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-4805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangyi Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Micro and Nano Systems, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Micro and Nano Systems, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036337382","display_name":"Wen J. Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9616-6213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen J. Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Micro and Nano Systems, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Micro and Nano Systems, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107994859","display_name":"Philip H. W. Leong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3923-3499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip H. W. Leong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076629129","display_name":"Ming Yiu Wong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Yiu Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["DAKA Development Limited, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DAKA Development Limited, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000654757"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1585,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83277936,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"382","last_page":"387"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13579","display_name":"Image and Video Stabilization","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","score":0.6856000423431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.6781027913093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.6765171885490417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6553146839141846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.636993944644928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6102933287620544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5265341401100159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3241809010505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09734988212585449}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.6856000423431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.6781027913093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.6765171885490417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6553146839141846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.636993944644928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6102933287620544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5265341401100159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3241809010505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09734988212585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/robio.2007.4522192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2007.4522192","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321920","display_name":"Innovation and Technology Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/04vf9tr09"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1586029670","https://openalex.org/W1973981446","https://openalex.org/W1994685695","https://openalex.org/W2024072815","https://openalex.org/W2067298791","https://openalex.org/W2112648344","https://openalex.org/W2113086639","https://openalex.org/W2116424694","https://openalex.org/W2139228641","https://openalex.org/W2141109916","https://openalex.org/W6643707687"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2388180914","https://openalex.org/W2063708026","https://openalex.org/W2507888814","https://openalex.org/W3118925046","https://openalex.org/W2381764175","https://openalex.org/W2561540377","https://openalex.org/W2360066868","https://openalex.org/W3084909207","https://openalex.org/W2756332284","https://openalex.org/W2372609347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,79],"MAG-\u03bcIMU":[1],"which":[2],"is":[3,123,145],"based":[4],"on":[5,41],"MEMS":[6],"accelerometers,":[7],"gyroscopes":[8],"and":[9,24,51,89,98,139,160,178,192],"magnetometers":[10],"has":[11],"been":[12,173],"developed":[13,110],"for":[14,147],"real-time":[15,167],"estimation":[16],"of":[17,46,75,115,129,150,186],"human":[18],"hand":[19],"motions.":[20],"Appropriate":[21],"filtering,":[22],"transformation":[23],"sensor":[25],"fusion":[26],"techniques":[27,95],"are":[28],"combined":[29],"in":[30,101,132,175,194],"the":[31,39,47,73,76,130,151,179,184,187],"Ubiquitous":[32],"Digital":[33],"Writing":[34],"Instrument":[35],"(UDWI)":[36],"to":[37,71,82,125,156],"record":[38],"handwriting":[40],"any":[42],"surface.":[43],"However,":[44],"because":[45],"sensor\u2019s":[48],"intrinsic":[49],"biases":[50],"random":[52],"noise":[53],"such":[54],"as":[55],"circuit":[56],"thermal":[57],"noise,":[58],"a":[59,133],"calibration":[60,149,185],"system":[61],"that":[62,122,144],"provides":[63],"good":[64],"reference":[65,158],"measurement":[66],"parameters":[67],"must":[68],"be":[69,164,190],"used":[70,124,146],"compare":[72],"output":[74],"MAG-pIMU":[77],"sensors.":[78],"basic":[80],"concept":[81],"calibrate":[83],"three-dimensional":[84],"linear":[85,127],"accelerations,":[86],"angular":[87,161],"velocities":[88,162],"space":[90],"attitude":[91,148,168],"through":[92],"optical":[93],"tracking":[94],"was":[96],"proposed":[97],"proved":[99],"feasible":[100],"our":[102,112],"previous":[103],"paper.":[104,196],"The":[105],"Optical":[106],"Tracking":[107],"System":[108],"(OTS)":[109],"by":[111,137],"group":[113],"consists":[114],"two":[116],"parts:":[117],"1)":[118],"2D":[119],"Trajectory":[120],"Calibration":[121,143],"obtain":[126],"accelerations":[128],"UDWI":[131],"particular":[134],"frame":[135],"defined":[136],"us;":[138],"2)":[140],"Multiple":[141],"Camera":[142],"UDWI.":[152],"An":[153],"essential":[154],"relationship":[155],"transform":[157],"frames":[159],"can":[163],"guaranteed":[165],"after":[166],"calibration.":[169],"Some":[170],"improvements":[171],"have":[172],"adopted":[174],"part":[176],"1":[177],"latest":[180],"experimental":[181],"results":[182],"about":[183],"accelerometers":[188],"will":[189],"introduced":[191],"discussed":[193],"this":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}