{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403919227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ro-man60168.2024.10731445","title":"Human Stress Response and Perceived Safety during Encounters with Quadruped Robots","display_name":"Human Stress Response and Perceived Safety during Encounters with Quadruped Robots","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403919227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ro-man60168.2024.10731445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ro-man60168.2024.10731445","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ro-man60168.2024.10731445","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 33rd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (ROMAN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113698596","display_name":"Ryan Gupta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Austin,Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics,Austin,TX,USA,78712"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin,Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics,Austin,TX,USA,78712","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031513470","display_name":"Hyonyoung Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4316-5847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyonyoung Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Austin,Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics,Austin,TX,USA,78712"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin,Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics,Austin,TX,USA,78712","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009939635","display_name":"Emily Norman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9112-760X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emily Norman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Austin,Department of Communication Studies,Austin,TX,USA,78712"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin,Department of Communication Studies,Austin,TX,USA,78712","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050650331","display_name":"Keri K. Stephens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9526-2331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keri K. Stephens","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Austin,Department of Communication Studies,Austin,TX,USA,78712"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin,Department of Communication Studies,Austin,TX,USA,78712","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039650266","display_name":"Nanshu Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3595-3851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nanshu Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Austin,Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics,Austin,TX,USA,78712"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin,Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics,Austin,TX,USA,78712","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079374033","display_name":"Luis Sentis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2856-4863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Sentis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Austin,Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics,Austin,TX,USA,78712"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin,Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics,Austin,TX,USA,78712","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113698596"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0214,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87196764,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"783","last_page":"790"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11953","display_name":"Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations","score":0.9383000135421753,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9150999784469604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.7063635587692261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","score":0.6665423512458801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","score":0.576309084892273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48870542645454407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.378729909658432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeronautics","display_name":"Aeronautics","score":0.33926922082901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3315414786338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26381993293762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16428899765014648}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.7063635587692261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6665423512458801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145460709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","level":3,"score":0.576309084892273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48870542645454407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.378729909658432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.33926922082901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3315414786338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26381993293762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16428899765014648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ro-man60168.2024.10731445","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ro-man60168.2024.10731445","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 33rd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (ROMAN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1239497932","https://openalex.org/W1573725801","https://openalex.org/W1968969471","https://openalex.org/W1992739204","https://openalex.org/W1994577152","https://openalex.org/W2032568497","https://openalex.org/W2104969271","https://openalex.org/W2116411037","https://openalex.org/W2135107501","https://openalex.org/W2162033213","https://openalex.org/W2162113618","https://openalex.org/W2167928942","https://openalex.org/W2187884992","https://openalex.org/W2259600703","https://openalex.org/W2405998801","https://openalex.org/W2619206658","https://openalex.org/W2760945358","https://openalex.org/W2770957090","https://openalex.org/W2791010381","https://openalex.org/W2792140820","https://openalex.org/W2911758050","https://openalex.org/W2913713139","https://openalex.org/W2945773685","https://openalex.org/W2961231468","https://openalex.org/W3024223098","https://openalex.org/W3118614325","https://openalex.org/W3126793684","https://openalex.org/W3127637041","https://openalex.org/W3205835814","https://openalex.org/W3213366706","https://openalex.org/W4200076608","https://openalex.org/W4210536149","https://openalex.org/W4211070925","https://openalex.org/W4232977219","https://openalex.org/W4283644173","https://openalex.org/W4298112259","https://openalex.org/W4298128083","https://openalex.org/W4315481746","https://openalex.org/W4321222391","https://openalex.org/W4323871365","https://openalex.org/W4360815788","https://openalex.org/W4366245263","https://openalex.org/W4379967775","https://openalex.org/W4383213516","https://openalex.org/W4383674599","https://openalex.org/W6660943874","https://openalex.org/W6713371532","https://openalex.org/W6877558023"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2978665606","https://openalex.org/W4287179229","https://openalex.org/W3205513966","https://openalex.org/W3120459843","https://openalex.org/W4366547574","https://openalex.org/W3200191727","https://openalex.org/W189465620","https://openalex.org/W4366818884","https://openalex.org/W2248308732","https://openalex.org/W4392651289"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"the":[1,21,148],"rise":[2],"of":[3,14,37,52,126,163],"mobile":[4],"robot":[5,191],"deployments":[6],"in":[7,20,116,136],"home":[8],"and":[9,16,55,70,93,104,123,152,154,192],"work":[10],"settings,":[11],"perceived":[12,53,134],"safety":[13,54,135],"users":[15],"bystanders":[17],"is":[18,48,56],"understudied":[19],"human-robot":[22,39,128,158],"interaction":[23],"(HRI)":[24],"literature.":[25],"To":[26,139],"address":[27],"this,":[28],"we":[29],"present":[30],"a":[31,38,49,66,71,77,117,127,189],"study":[32,65,114],"designed":[33],"to":[34,88,177,188],"identify":[35],"elements":[36],"encounter":[40,159],"that":[41,166],"correlate":[42],"with":[43,59,201],"observed":[44],"stress":[45,108,143,173,183,195],"response.":[46,62],"Stress":[47],"key":[50],"component":[51],"strongly":[57],"associated":[58],"human":[60,82,149],"physiological":[61,86],"In":[63],"this":[64,140],"Boston":[67],"Dynamics":[68],"Spot":[69],"Unitree":[72],"Go1":[73],"navigate":[74],"autonomously":[75],"through":[76,101],"shared":[78],"environment":[79],"occupied":[80],"by":[81],"participants":[83,105,170,180,194],"wearing":[84],"multimodal":[85],"sensors":[87],"track":[89],"their":[90,107],"electrocardiography":[91],"(ECG)":[92],"electrodermal":[94],"activity":[95],"(EDA).":[96],"The":[97,113],"encounters":[98,175],"are":[99],"varied":[100],"several":[102],"trials":[103],"self-rate":[106],"levels":[109],"after":[110],"each":[111],"encounter.":[112],"resulted":[115],"multidimensional":[118],"dataset":[119],"archiving":[120],"various":[121],"objective":[122],"subjective":[124],"aspects":[125],"encounter,":[129],"containing":[130],"insights":[131],"for":[132],"understanding":[133],"such":[137],"encounters.":[138],"end,":[141],"acute":[142],"responses":[144],"were":[145],"decoded":[146],"from":[147],"participants\u2019":[150],"ECG":[151],"EDA":[153],"compared":[155,176,187,200],"across":[156],"different":[157],"conditions.":[160],"Statistical":[161],"analysis":[162],"data":[164],"indicate":[165],"on":[167],"average":[168],"(1)":[169],"feel":[171,181],"more":[172,182],"during":[174,197],"baselines,":[178],"(2)":[179],"encountering":[184],"multiple":[185],"robots":[186],"single":[190],"(3)":[193],"increases":[196],"navigation":[198],"behavior":[199],"search":[202],"behavior.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T23:12:01.093139","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
