{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394712141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ricai60863.2023.10489130","title":"DDoS Detection and Defense Based on PSO Optimized LSTM Neural Network","display_name":"DDoS Detection and Defense Based on PSO Optimized LSTM Neural Network","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394712141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ricai60863.2023.10489130"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ricai60863.2023.10489130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ricai60863.2023.10489130","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 5th International Conference on Robotics, Intelligent Control and Artificial Intelligence (RICAI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114148392","display_name":"Yaowen Dou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaowen Dou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China","School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101453398","display_name":"Zhenliang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-2895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenliang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China","School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101576586","display_name":"Junhao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2079-4325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junhao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China","School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100607609","display_name":"Yu Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4151-3120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China","School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"885","last_page":"888"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9294999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9294999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9004999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.743674635887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7347660660743713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5978215932846069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45421919226646423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09030413627624512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.053526610136032104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.743674635887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7347660660743713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5978215932846069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45421919226646423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09030413627624512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.053526610136032104}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ricai60863.2023.10489130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ricai60863.2023.10489130","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 5th International Conference on Robotics, Intelligent Control and Artificial Intelligence (RICAI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765220306","https://openalex.org/W3162978733","https://openalex.org/W3175570601","https://openalex.org/W4285307762","https://openalex.org/W4313428043","https://openalex.org/W4318052012","https://openalex.org/W4362499030","https://openalex.org/W4372049135","https://openalex.org/W4383749544","https://openalex.org/W4384027434"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4386482731","https://openalex.org/W2765763546","https://openalex.org/W4385302085","https://openalex.org/W2360429410","https://openalex.org/W4256682929","https://openalex.org/W335511927","https://openalex.org/W2471811227","https://openalex.org/W2217591390"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,36],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"DDoS":[3,17,70,106,160],"attacks":[4,18],"targeting":[5],"iot":[6],"devices":[7],"have":[8],"become":[9,24],"more":[10,12],"and":[11,15,21,63,72,83,99,127],"frequent.":[13],"Identifying":[14],"defending":[16],"efficiently,":[19],"correctly":[20],"quickly":[22],"has":[23,31,152],"a":[25,39,153],"hot":[26],"issue":[27],"at":[28],"present,":[29],"which":[30],"important":[32],"practical":[33],"application":[34],"value.":[35,129],"this":[37,115],"paper,":[38],"LSTM":[40,53,143],"neural":[41,54,140,144],"network":[42,55,145],"model":[43,56,112,122,146],"based":[44],"on":[45],"particle":[46],"swarm":[47],"optimization":[48,76],"(PSO)":[49],"is":[50,117],"designed.":[51],"The":[52,130],"extracts":[57],"the":[58,67,74,80,86,90,97,103,110,120,138,142,149,157],"features":[59],"of":[60,89,102,159],"various":[61],"messages":[62],"data":[64],"packets":[65],"when":[66],"system":[68,104],"encounters":[69],"attacks,":[71],"uses":[73],"PSO":[75,150],"algorithm":[77,151],"to":[78,95],"optimize":[79],"parameters":[81],"globally,":[82],"finally":[84],"finds":[85],"optimal":[87],"hyperparameters":[88],"current":[91],"model,":[92],"so":[93],"as":[94],"improve":[96],"detection":[98],"defense":[100],"ability":[101],"against":[105],"attacks.":[107],"Through":[108],"experiments,":[109],"PSO-LSTM":[111],"proposed":[113],"in":[114,123,156],"paper":[116],"higher":[118],"than":[119],"comparison":[121],"accuracy,":[124],"recall":[125],"rate":[126],"F1":[128],"experimental":[131],"results":[132],"also":[133],"show":[134],"that":[135],"compared":[136],"with":[137],"traditional":[139],"network,":[141],"optimized":[147],"by":[148],"significant":[154],"improvement":[155],"performance":[158],"attack":[161],"detection.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}