{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417053081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rfid-ta63091.2025.11265849","title":"Steerable Low-Complexity Antenna Array with Super-Realized Gain","display_name":"Steerable Low-Complexity Antenna Array with Super-Realized Gain","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417053081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rfid-ta63091.2025.11265849"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/rfid-ta63091.2025.11265849","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rfid-ta63091.2025.11265849","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101741721","display_name":"D. Lynch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-4820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donal P Lynch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queen's University Belfast,Centre for Wireless Innovation,Belfast,United Kingdom,BT3 9DT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen's University Belfast,Centre for Wireless Innovation,Belfast,United Kingdom,BT3 9DT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022002918","display_name":"Aaron Graham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4641-8333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aaron M. Graham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queen's University Belfast,Centre for Wireless Innovation,Belfast,United Kingdom,BT3 9DT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen's University Belfast,Centre for Wireless Innovation,Belfast,United Kingdom,BT3 9DT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055827474","display_name":"Manos M. Tentzeris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0476-3577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32062511","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mghma93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manos M. Tentzeris","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University,Edinburgh,United Kingdom,EH14 4AS"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University,Edinburgh,United Kingdom,EH14 4AS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075686901","display_name":"Spyridon Nektarios Daskalakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2634-9350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Spyridon Nektarios Daskalakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,Atlanta,GA,USA,30332","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055356608","display_name":"Stylianos D. Asimonis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6296-7119"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stylianos D. Asimonis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Patras,Greece,26504"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Patras,Greece,26504","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.7045000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.7045000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.13910000026226044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.06620000302791595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impedance-matching","display_name":"Impedance matching","score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-impedance","display_name":"Radiation impedance","score":0.4934999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-gain","display_name":"Antenna gain","score":0.4902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.4668000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-pattern","display_name":"Radiation pattern","score":0.4487000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.41589999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation","display_name":"Radiation","score":0.4108000099658966}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C612350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761108","display_name":"Impedance matching","level":3,"score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778771554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q975684","display_name":"Radiation impedance","level":3,"score":0.4934999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81183938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251537","display_name":"Antenna gain","level":5,"score":0.4902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4747999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.4668000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.4487000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4424999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4178999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.41589999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153385146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18335","display_name":"Radiation","level":2,"score":0.4108000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.39410001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.39309999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.38659998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136664719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4795880","display_name":"Array gain","level":4,"score":0.38269999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113145756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126859","display_name":"Dipole antenna","level":3,"score":0.37709999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.364300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158616128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771260","display_name":"Antenna measurement","level":3,"score":0.361299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.34040001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1007738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192593","display_name":"Radiation properties","level":3,"score":0.32710000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160844929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55604036","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","level":4,"score":0.3100999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163985990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188364","display_name":"Standing wave ratio","level":4,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196931383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771253","display_name":"Antenna factor","level":4,"score":0.2768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84559118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1936665","display_name":"Helical antenna","level":5,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64671776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"Directional antenna","level":3,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24027999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2176348","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","level":3,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26262908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307489","display_name":"Input impedance","level":3,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/rfid-ta63091.2025.11265849","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rfid-ta63091.2025.11265849","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310968","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027272458","https://openalex.org/W2103498147","https://openalex.org/W2113106630","https://openalex.org/W2153698259","https://openalex.org/W2415011978","https://openalex.org/W4312191454","https://openalex.org/W4389101838","https://openalex.org/W4395662322","https://openalex.org/W4395678952","https://openalex.org/W4401386634","https://openalex.org/W4404370733","https://openalex.org/W4410582834"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Superdirective":[0],"antennas,":[1],"capable":[2],"of":[3,52,71,150],"achieving":[4,140],"high":[5,141],"directivity,":[6],"are":[7,78,90],"essential":[8],"components":[9],"for":[10,37,163],"modern":[11],"wireless":[12,166],"communication":[13,167],"systems.":[14],"However,":[15],"their":[16],"practical":[17],"deployment":[18],"faces":[19],"significant":[20],"challenges,":[21],"primarily":[22],"due":[23],"to":[24,45,102],"impedance":[25,100,145],"mismatch":[26],"and":[27,69,74,124,144,153],"substantial":[28],"ohmic":[29],"losses":[30],"stemming":[31],"from":[32],"strong":[33],"mutual":[34],"coupling":[35],"required":[36],"supergain.":[38],"This":[39],"paper":[40],"introduces":[41],"a":[42,53,61,81,93,110,119,158],"novel":[43],"approach":[44],"address":[46],"these":[47],"challenges":[48],"through":[49,147],"the":[50,67,72,128,134],"design":[51],"single-feed,":[54],"reactively-loaded":[55],"five-dipole":[56],"antenna":[57,104,138],"array.":[58],"By":[59],"employing":[60],"global":[62],"particle":[63],"swarm":[64],"optimization":[65,149],"algorithm,":[66],"lengths":[68],"radii":[70],"driven":[73],"parasitic":[75],"elements,":[76],"which":[77],"approximately":[79],"half":[80],"wavelength":[82],"long,":[83],"along":[84],"with":[85,118],"four":[86],"lumped":[87],"reactive":[88,151],"loads,":[89],"co-optimized":[91],"in":[92],"full-wave":[94],"method-of-moments":[95],"electromagnetic":[96],"model.":[97],"The":[98],"resulting":[99],"matched":[101],"50\u03a9":[103],"array":[105,139],"achieves":[106],"steerable":[107,136],"radiation":[108,142],"across":[109],"complete":[111],"360-degree":[112],"azimuthal":[113],"scan":[114],"at":[115],"3.5":[116],"GHz,":[117],"realized":[120],"gain":[121],"between":[122],"8.5":[123],"10":[125],"dBi":[126],"To":[127],"authors'":[129],"knowledge,":[130],"this":[131],"work":[132],"presents":[133],"first":[135],"superdirective":[137],"efficiency":[143],"matching":[146],"combined":[148],"loads":[152],"physical":[154],"element":[155],"dimensions,":[156],"providing":[157],"practical,":[159],"low-complexity":[160],"solution":[161],"suitable":[162],"sub-6":[164],"GHz":[165],"applications.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-12-05T00:00:00"}