{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2063242548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/reconfig.2014.7032525","title":"FSM merging and reduction for IP cores watermarking using Genetic Algorithms","display_name":"FSM merging and reduction for IP cores watermarking using Genetic Algorithms","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2063242548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/reconfig.2014.7032525","mag":"2063242548"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/reconfig.2014.7032525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/reconfig.2014.7032525","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 International Conference on ReConFigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig14)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086239365","display_name":"Jorge Echavarria","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3751-5273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39824353","display_name":"National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00bpmmc63","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Echavarria","raw_affiliation_strings":["Optica y Electronica (INAOE) Tonanzintla, Instituto Nacional de Astroffsica, Puebla, Mexico","Institute National de Astrof\u00edsica, \u00d3ptica y Electr\u00f3nica (INAOE) Tonanzintla, Puebla, 72840, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optica y Electronica (INAOE) Tonanzintla, Instituto Nacional de Astroffsica, Puebla, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute National de Astrof\u00edsica, \u00d3ptica y Electr\u00f3nica (INAOE) Tonanzintla, Puebla, 72840, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032447003","display_name":"Alicia Morales-Reyes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5052-7554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39824353","display_name":"National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00bpmmc63","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alicia Morales-Reyes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Optica y Electronica (INAOE) Tonanzintla, Instituto Nacional de Astroffsica, Puebla, Mexico","Institute National de Astrof\u00edsica, \u00d3ptica y Electr\u00f3nica (INAOE) Tonanzintla, Puebla, 72840, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optica y Electronica (INAOE) Tonanzintla, Instituto Nacional de Astroffsica, Puebla, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute National de Astrof\u00edsica, \u00d3ptica y Electr\u00f3nica (INAOE) Tonanzintla, Puebla, 72840, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046277367","display_name":"Ren\u00e9 Cumplido","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9852-8422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39824353","display_name":"National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00bpmmc63","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rene Cumplido","raw_affiliation_strings":["Optica y Electronica (INAOE) Tonanzintla, Instituto Nacional de Astroffsica, Puebla, Mexico","Institute National de Astrof\u00edsica, \u00d3ptica y Electr\u00f3nica (INAOE) Tonanzintla, Puebla, 72840, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optica y Electronica (INAOE) Tonanzintla, Instituto Nacional de Astroffsica, Puebla, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute National de Astrof\u00edsica, \u00d3ptica y Electr\u00f3nica (INAOE) Tonanzintla, Puebla, 72840, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010042002","display_name":"Miguel \u00c1. Salido","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4835-4057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel A. Salido","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Control Systems and Industrial Computing Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain","Institute of Control Systems and Industrial Computing, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Valencia, 46071, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Control Systems and Industrial Computing Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Control Systems and Industrial Computing, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Valencia, 46071, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3151,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60830279,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"10281","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.8288460373878479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.7812362909317017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/merge","display_name":"Merge (version control)","score":0.7568982839584351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.678758978843689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.6697089672088623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-state-machine","display_name":"Finite-state machine","score":0.6360681653022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.6275866031646729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4934960603713989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4160052239894867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.34807467460632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3134591579437256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19312477111816406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17481324076652527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1288602650165558}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.8288460373878479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.7812362909317017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197129107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1921621","display_name":"Merge (version control)","level":2,"score":0.7568982839584351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.678758978843689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6697089672088623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167822520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176452","display_name":"Finite-state machine","level":2,"score":0.6360681653022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.6275866031646729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4934960603713989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4160052239894867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.34807467460632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3134591579437256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19312477111816406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17481324076652527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1288602650165558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/reconfig.2014.7032525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/reconfig.2014.7032525","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 International Conference on ReConFigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig14)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W251131796","https://openalex.org/W1505590927","https://openalex.org/W1512383952","https://openalex.org/W1604592383","https://openalex.org/W1669302834","https://openalex.org/W2004929506","https://openalex.org/W2048971778","https://openalex.org/W2052561647","https://openalex.org/W2054656692","https://openalex.org/W2063111778","https://openalex.org/W2066483726","https://openalex.org/W2085023892","https://openalex.org/W2098072261","https://openalex.org/W2098467469","https://openalex.org/W2099105559","https://openalex.org/W2108987401","https://openalex.org/W2114336390","https://openalex.org/W2120270451","https://openalex.org/W2121640646","https://openalex.org/W2128029358","https://openalex.org/W2138210264","https://openalex.org/W2139135459","https://openalex.org/W2144185673","https://openalex.org/W2170623172","https://openalex.org/W2175273441","https://openalex.org/W2405785071","https://openalex.org/W2520093650","https://openalex.org/W2566242272","https://openalex.org/W4237137284","https://openalex.org/W4252684946","https://openalex.org/W6713171905"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2080353903","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2381486749","https://openalex.org/W1514507288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"an":[3,141],"improved":[4,142],"procedure":[5,104],"to":[6,25,107,111,119,147],"watermark":[7,28,82,179],"soft":[8],"Intellectual":[9],"Property":[10],"(IP)":[11],"Cores":[12],"at":[13,160],"the":[14,27,31,48,81,88,108,113,120,123,150,172],"Register":[15],"Transfer":[16],"Level":[17],"(RTL)":[18],"using":[19],"Genetic":[20],"Algorithms":[21],"(GA).":[22],"In":[23,138],"order":[24],"merge":[26],"signature":[29],"and":[30,74,86,133,178],"IP":[32,50,90],"Core's":[33],"behavioral":[34],"description,":[35],"both":[36,161],"are":[37,135],"translated":[38],"into":[39],"Finite":[40],"State":[41],"Machines":[42],"(FSM).":[43],"The":[44],"resulting":[45],"FSM":[46,131,151],"contains":[47],"watermarked":[49,109],"Core":[51,91],"maintaining":[52],"its":[53],"original":[54,89],"functionality":[55,92],"without":[56],"disruption.":[57],"However,":[58],"a":[59,102,166],"set":[60],"of":[61,66,77,115,122,171,174],"hanging":[62,116,176],"states":[63,67,177],"(a":[64],"group":[65],"not":[68,94,127],"deeply":[69],"embedded)":[70],"has":[71,126],"been":[72,128],"observed":[73],"if":[75],"any":[76],"these":[78],"is":[79,105,145],"deleted,":[80],"could":[83],"be":[84,95],"removed":[85],"possibly":[87],"would":[93],"disrupted,":[96],"allowing":[97],"for":[98],"copyright":[99],"infringements.":[100],"Thus,":[101],"reduction":[103,134,152],"applied":[106],"design":[110],"reduce":[112],"number":[114,173],"states,":[117],"which":[118],"best":[121],"authors'":[124],"knowledge":[125],"developed.":[129],"Both":[130],"merging":[132],"NP-Complete":[136],"problems.":[137],"this":[139],"study,":[140],"objective":[143],"function":[144],"proposed":[146],"accurately":[148],"model":[149],"problem":[153],"while":[154],"applying":[155],"GAs":[156],"as":[157,182],"optimization":[158],"techniques":[159],"stages.":[162],"Empirical":[163],"results":[164],"show":[165],"significant":[167],"improvement":[168],"in":[169],"terms":[170],"final":[175],"embedding":[180],"strength":[181],"regards":[183],"previous":[184],"reported":[185],"approaches.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
