{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2131625572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/re.2011.6051667","title":"Modelling adaptability and variability in requirements","display_name":"Modelling adaptability and variability in requirements","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2131625572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/re.2011.6051667","mag":"2131625572"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/re.2011.6051667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/re.2011.6051667","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE 19th International Requirements Engineering Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109249010","display_name":"Phil Greenwood","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Phil Greenwood","raw_affiliation_strings":["SCC, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK","SCC; Lancaster University; Lancaster UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SCC, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SCC; Lancaster University; Lancaster UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011114199","display_name":"Ruzanna Chitchyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6293-3445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruzanna Chitchyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["SCC, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK","SCC; Lancaster University; Lancaster UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SCC, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SCC; Lancaster University; Lancaster UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034962802","display_name":"Awais Rashid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0109-1341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Awais Rashid","raw_affiliation_strings":["SCC, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK","SCC; Lancaster University; Lancaster UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SCC, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SCC; Lancaster University; Lancaster UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014697247","display_name":"Joost Noppen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4203-1582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","display_name":"University of East Anglia","ror":"https://ror.org/026k5mg93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joost Noppen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085449737","display_name":"Franck Fleurey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Franck Fleurey","raw_affiliation_strings":["SINTEF, Oslo, Norway","SINTEF, Oslo, Norway#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF, Oslo, Norway#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020663243","display_name":"Arnor Solberg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}],"countries":["GB","NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arnor Solberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["SCC, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK","SINTEF, Oslo, Norway#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SCC, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF, Oslo, Norway#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109249010"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4386,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74438903,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"343","last_page":"344"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7580169439315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suite","display_name":"Suite","score":0.7315405607223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.7155705690383911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6174526810646057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.5995137691497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5827310681343079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.5705598592758179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5533826947212219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5422916412353516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5279537439346313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-system","display_name":"Adaptive system","score":0.4817340672016144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4378225803375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.34043657779693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.27050527930259705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.26173004508018494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14029031991958618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08421027660369873}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7580169439315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79581498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367530","display_name":"Suite","level":2,"score":0.7315405607223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.7155705690383911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6174526810646057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5995137691497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5827310681343079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5705598592758179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5533826947212219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5422916412353516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5279537439346313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52970973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2497134","display_name":"Adaptive system","level":2,"score":0.4817340672016144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4378225803375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.34043657779693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.27050527930259705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.26173004508018494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14029031991958618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08421027660369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/re.2011.6051667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/re.2011.6051667","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE 19th International Requirements Engineering Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:72553","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/72553/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/b8105d11-c639-49b8-84cc-52225cea9e0b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/b8105d11-c639-49b8-84cc-52225cea9e0b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055359","display_name":"Explore Bristol Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Greenwood, P, Chitchyan, R, Rashid, A, Noppen, J, Fleurey, F & Solberg, A 2011, Modelling adaptability and variability in requirements. in RE 2011, 19th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference, Trento, Italy, August 29 2011 - September 2, 2011. pp. 343-344. https://doi.org/10.1109/RE.2011.6051667","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:publications/b8105d11-c639-49b8-84cc-52225cea9e0b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1983/b8105d11-c639-49b8-84cc-52225cea9e0b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Greenwood, P, Chitchyan, R, Rashid, A, Noppen, J, Fleurey, F & Solberg, A 2011, Modelling adaptability and variability in requirements. in RE 2011, 19th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference, Trento, Italy, August 29 2011 - September 2, 2011. pp. 343-344. https://doi.org/10.1109/RE.2011.6051667","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553998199","https://openalex.org/W2049321516","https://openalex.org/W2071616717","https://openalex.org/W2115774534","https://openalex.org/W2115792525","https://openalex.org/W2122067742","https://openalex.org/W2125247206","https://openalex.org/W2134199742","https://openalex.org/W2157269301","https://openalex.org/W6677337689","https://openalex.org/W6678718631","https://openalex.org/W6679797431"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021474716","https://openalex.org/W4310517597","https://openalex.org/W3093159647","https://openalex.org/W2076610045","https://openalex.org/W1585236401","https://openalex.org/W2123948869","https://openalex.org/W1966273264","https://openalex.org/W2114015898","https://openalex.org/W2126134866","https://openalex.org/W2251138877"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,60],"requirements":[1,64,134],"and":[2,6,21,25,53,107,130,149],"design":[3],"level":[4],"identification":[5],"representation":[7],"of":[8,40,63,79,140],"dynamic":[9,102,120],"variability":[10,48,73,103,121,125],"for":[11],"adaptive":[12,81,105],"systems":[13,106],"is":[14,98,115],"a":[15,94],"challenging":[16],"task.":[17],"This":[18,112],"requires":[19],"time":[20],"effort":[22],"to":[23,35,51,66,69,84,100,117],"identify":[24,119],"model":[26],"the":[27,33,37],"relevant":[28],"elements":[29],"as":[30,32,124,143,145],"well":[31,144],"need":[34],"consider":[36],"large":[38],"number":[39],"potentially":[41],"possible":[42,58,77],"system":[43,82,110],"configurations.":[44],"Typically,":[45],"each":[46,57,76],"individual":[47],"dimension":[49],"needs":[50,65,83],"identified":[52],"modelled":[54],"by":[55],"enumerating":[56],"alternative.":[59],"full":[61],"set":[62],"be":[67,85],"reviewed":[68],"extract":[70],"all":[71],"potential":[72],"dimensions.":[74],"Moreover,":[75],"configuration":[78],"an":[80],"validated":[86],"before":[87],"use.":[88],"In":[89],"this":[90],"demonstration,":[91],"we":[92],"present":[93],"tool":[95,113],"suite":[96,114],"that":[97],"able":[99,116],"manage":[101],"in":[104],"tame":[108],"such":[109,123],"complexity.":[111],"automatically":[118],"attributes":[122],"dimensions,":[126],"context,":[127],"adaptation":[128],"rules,":[129],"soft/hard":[131],"goals":[132],"from":[133],"documents.":[135],"It":[136],"also":[137],"supports":[138],"modelling":[139],"these":[141],"artefacts":[142],"their":[146],"run-time":[147],"verification":[148],"validation.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}