{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2513861733","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rcis.2016.7549301","title":"Trading exploits online: A preliminary case study","display_name":"Trading exploits online: A preliminary case study","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2513861733","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rcis.2016.7549301","mag":"2513861733"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/rcis.2016.7549301","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rcis.2016.7549301","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Tenth International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science (RCIS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045061250","display_name":"Jukka Ruohonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5147-3084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jukka Ruohonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Information Technology, University of Turku, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Technology, University of Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006523717","display_name":"Sami Hyrynsalmi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5073-3750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sami Hyrynsalmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Information Technology, University of Turku, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Technology, University of Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029023235","display_name":"Ville Lepp\u00e4nen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5296-677X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ville Leppanen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Information Technology, University of Turku, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Technology, University of Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0964,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88940951,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.9789677858352661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.6300427317619324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6049738526344299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-security-assurance","display_name":"Software security assurance","score":0.6012094616889954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5686469078063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.537650465965271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-bug","display_name":"Security bug","score":0.4544948637485504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-security","display_name":"Information security","score":0.22643616795539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-service","display_name":"Security service","score":0.133281409740448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.073294997215271}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.9789677858352661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6300427317619324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6049738526344299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62913178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554361","display_name":"Software security assurance","level":4,"score":0.6012094616889954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5686469078063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.537650465965271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131275738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445023","display_name":"Security bug","level":5,"score":0.4544948637485504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.22643616795539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29983905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445066","display_name":"Security service","level":3,"score":0.133281409740448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.073294997215271}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/rcis.2016.7549301","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rcis.2016.7549301","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Tenth International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science (RCIS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321855","display_name":"Tekes","ror":"https://ror.org/02ag8cq23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9715319","https://openalex.org/W150078352","https://openalex.org/W178678004","https://openalex.org/W1023032151","https://openalex.org/W1574235309","https://openalex.org/W1608836379","https://openalex.org/W1685057348","https://openalex.org/W1817232229","https://openalex.org/W1918520719","https://openalex.org/W1969934362","https://openalex.org/W1971501332","https://openalex.org/W1971536602","https://openalex.org/W1983076913","https://openalex.org/W1991300523","https://openalex.org/W1993089073","https://openalex.org/W1997011197","https://openalex.org/W1997608433","https://openalex.org/W2001799797","https://openalex.org/W2003433728","https://openalex.org/W2011620856","https://openalex.org/W2021768734","https://openalex.org/W2024255775","https://openalex.org/W2035922578","https://openalex.org/W2039530600","https://openalex.org/W2043074681","https://openalex.org/W2076091918","https://openalex.org/W2079796462","https://openalex.org/W2081853398","https://openalex.org/W2085510393","https://openalex.org/W2092404736","https://openalex.org/W2092656606","https://openalex.org/W2093220102","https://openalex.org/W2098569569","https://openalex.org/W2117405938","https://openalex.org/W2119198224","https://openalex.org/W2120116349","https://openalex.org/W2133740859","https://openalex.org/W2140959043","https://openalex.org/W2140964565","https://openalex.org/W2155597028","https://openalex.org/W2159583953","https://openalex.org/W2163831902","https://openalex.org/W2171124575","https://openalex.org/W2171379354","https://openalex.org/W2228364600","https://openalex.org/W2295069226","https://openalex.org/W2296488620","https://openalex.org/W2411094473","https://openalex.org/W2412253985","https://openalex.org/W3082918446","https://openalex.org/W3123575018","https://openalex.org/W3124584635","https://openalex.org/W6636309482","https://openalex.org/W6637374123","https://openalex.org/W6715048309","https://openalex.org/W6715770524"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2906845177","https://openalex.org/W4200107511","https://openalex.org/W2891427086","https://openalex.org/W1968625315","https://openalex.org/W1978034799","https://openalex.org/W4306406268","https://openalex.org/W2003584227","https://openalex.org/W2100022726","https://openalex.org/W2297096600","https://openalex.org/W2886678613"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,19,61,145],"software":[1,6,17,20,26,69,92,142],"defect":[2],"that":[3,28,83,188,212],"exposes":[4],"a":[5,9,16,88,195],"system":[7],"to":[8,36,87,123,150,251],"cyber":[10],"security":[11,21,48,50,143],"attack":[12],"is":[13,23,148,192,218],"known":[14],"as":[15,225],"vulnerability.":[18,32],"exploit":[22,133],"an":[24],"engineered":[25],"solution":[27],"successfully":[29],"exploits":[30,42,112,179,217],"the":[31,66,105,125,131,137,141,153,156,170,176,190,200,214,226,229,234,238,244,258],"Exploits":[33],"are":[34,43,167,205],"used":[35,45,168],"break":[37],"into":[38],"computer":[39],"systems,":[40],"but":[41],"currently":[44],"also":[46,210],"for":[47,68,110,174,256],"testing,":[49],"analytics,":[51],"intrusion":[52],"detection,":[53],"consultation,":[54],"and":[55,58,78,97,115,237],"other":[56],"legitimate":[57],"legal":[59],"purposes.":[60],"well-established":[62],"market":[63,73,108,134,162,202,245,259],"emerged":[64],"in":[65,140,169],"2000s":[67],"vulnerabilities.":[70],"The":[71,117,127,164,185,207,248],"current":[72],"segments":[74],"populated":[75],"by":[76,243],"small":[77],"medium-sized":[79],"companies":[80],"exhibit":[81],"signals":[82],"may":[84],"eventually":[85],"lead":[86],"similar":[89],"industrialization":[90],"of":[91,159,178,216,231,233],"exploits.":[93],"To":[94],"these":[95,99],"ends":[96],"against":[98,136,155],"industry":[100],"trends,":[101],"this":[102],"paper":[103,118,128],"observes":[104],"first":[106],"online":[107,161,201],"place":[109,135,203,246],"trading":[111],"between":[113],"buyers":[114],"sellers.":[116],"adopts":[119],"three":[120],"different":[121],"perspectives":[122],"study":[124],"case.":[126],"(a)":[129],"portrays":[130],"studied":[132],"historical":[138,196],"background":[139],"industry.":[144],"qualitative":[146,165],"assessment":[147],"made":[149],"(b)":[151],"evaluate":[152],"case":[154,191],"common":[157],"characteristics":[158,204],"traditional":[160],"places.":[163],"observations":[166],"quantitative":[171],"part":[172],"(c)":[173],"predicting":[175],"price":[177],"with":[180],"partial":[181],"least":[182],"squares":[183],"regression.":[184],"results":[186,249],"show":[187],"(i)":[189],"unique":[193],"from":[194],"perspective,":[197],"although":[198],"(ii)":[199],"familiar.":[206],"regression":[208],"estimates":[209],"indicate":[211],"(iii)":[213],"pricing":[215],"only":[219],"partially":[220],"dependent":[221],"on":[222],"such":[223],"factors":[224],"targeted":[227],"platform,":[228],"date":[230],"disclosure":[232],"exploited":[235],"vulnerability,":[236],"quality":[239],"assurance":[240],"service":[241],"provided":[242],"provider.":[247],"allow":[250],"contemplate":[252],"(iv)":[253],"practical":[254],"means":[255],"enhancing":[257],"place.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}