{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413980561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rcar65431.2025.11139708","title":"Transformer and Trainable Bilateral Filter for Unsupervised Stereo Matching","display_name":"Transformer and Trainable Bilateral Filter for Unsupervised Stereo Matching","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413980561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rcar65431.2025.11139708"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/rcar65431.2025.11139708","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rcar65431.2025.11139708","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Real-time Computing and Robotics (RCAR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119536963","display_name":"E Junwu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junwu E","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tongji University,College of Electronics &#x0026; Information Engineering,Shanghai,China,201804"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tongji University,College of Electronics &#x0026; Information Engineering,Shanghai,China,201804","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059971279","display_name":"Maryland Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1782-1833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Ju Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tongji University,College of Electronics &#x0026; Information Engineering,Shanghai,China,201804"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tongji University,College of Electronics &#x0026; Information Engineering,Shanghai,China,201804","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031494105","display_name":"Qingchun Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7390-5271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136431","display_name":"Shanghai Tongji Urban Planning and Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03gb38m78","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136431"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinluo Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tongji University,College of Architecture &#x0026; Urban Planning,Shanghai,China,201804"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tongji University,College of Architecture &#x0026; Urban Planning,Shanghai,China,201804","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113389034","display_name":"Guanfeng Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5918-4775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanfeng Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tongji University,College of Electronics &#x0026; Information Engineering,Shanghai,China,201804"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tongji University,College of Electronics &#x0026; Information Engineering,Shanghai,China,201804","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104221938","display_name":"Zhengfei Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengfei Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tongji University,College of Electronics &#x0026; Information Engineering,Shanghai,China,201804"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tongji University,College of Electronics &#x0026; Information Engineering,Shanghai,China,201804","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000082637","display_name":"Xinjian Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7306-0125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen MSU-BIT University,MSU-BIT-SMBU Joint Research Center of Applied Mathematics,Shenzhen,People&#x2019;s Republic of China,518172"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen MSU-BIT University,MSU-BIT-SMBU Joint Research Center of Applied Mathematics,Shenzhen,People&#x2019;s Republic of China,518172","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115590655","display_name":"Zhang Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3495-5596"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152380","display_name":"Shenzhen Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzpec27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen MSU-BIT University,MSU-BIT-SMBU Joint Research Center of Applied Mathematics,Shenzhen,People&#x2019;s Republic of China,518172"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen MSU-BIT University,MSU-BIT-SMBU Joint Research Center of Applied Mathematics,Shenzhen,People&#x2019;s Republic of China,518172","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111974611","display_name":"Ian J. Alexander","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19880235","display_name":"Lomonosov Moscow State University","ror":"https://ror.org/010pmpe69","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19880235"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilin Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lomonosov Moscow State University,Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics,Moscow,Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lomonosov Moscow State University,Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics,Moscow,Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19880235"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038867899","display_name":"Rui Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2593-6596"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tongji University,College of Electronics &#x0026; Information Engineering,Shanghai,China,201804"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tongji University,College of Electronics &#x0026; Information Engineering,Shanghai,China,201804","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5119536963"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28776725,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"49","last_page":"54"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9444000124931335,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9444000124931335,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.932200014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.7132012844085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6393691301345825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5486347675323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.48689427971839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.45180219411849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4341009557247162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3711947500705719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15175262093544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13491374254226685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.07758286595344543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.07705095410346985}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.7132012844085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6393691301345825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5486347675323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.48689427971839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.45180219411849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4341009557247162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3711947500705719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15175262093544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13491374254226685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.07758286595344543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.07705095410346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/rcar65431.2025.11139708","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rcar65431.2025.11139708","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Real-time Computing and Robotics (RCAR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2099244020","https://openalex.org/W2144041313","https://openalex.org/W2150066425","https://openalex.org/W2259424905","https://openalex.org/W2286655030","https://openalex.org/W2604231069","https://openalex.org/W2776033207","https://openalex.org/W2792796963","https://openalex.org/W2963619659","https://openalex.org/W2969350702","https://openalex.org/W2979872609","https://openalex.org/W3080961686","https://openalex.org/W3087980862","https://openalex.org/W3137106869","https://openalex.org/W3138423360","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3162418282","https://openalex.org/W3196385186","https://openalex.org/W4214648418","https://openalex.org/W4214862245","https://openalex.org/W4312871721","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4402754131","https://openalex.org/W4402830347","https://openalex.org/W4407735900","https://openalex.org/W4412081492"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972035260","https://openalex.org/W4301594054","https://openalex.org/W2794488505","https://openalex.org/W3125889879","https://openalex.org/W3124422538","https://openalex.org/W2295467472","https://openalex.org/W2097909533","https://openalex.org/W3125188128","https://openalex.org/W2144398666","https://openalex.org/W3122481182"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advances":[1],"have":[2],"demonstrated":[3],"that":[4,67,87],"depth":[5],"estimation":[6],"from":[7],"stereo":[8],"image":[9],"pairs":[10],"can":[11],"be":[12],"formulated":[13],"as":[14],"an":[15],"unsupervised":[16],"learning":[17],"task":[18],"solved":[19],"using":[20],"convolutional":[21],"neural":[22],"networks":[23],"(CNNs).":[24],"However,":[25],"existing":[26],"architectures":[27],"exhibit":[28],"two":[29,60],"critical":[30],"limitations:":[31],"insufficient":[32],"capacity":[33],"for":[34],"global":[35],"feature":[36],"extraction,":[37],"and":[38,75,81],"suboptimal":[39],"cost-aggregation":[40],"performance":[41],"under":[42],"noisy":[43],"conditions.":[44],"To":[45],"address":[46],"these":[47],"challenges,":[48],"we":[49],"propose":[50],"TBSMnet":[51],"(Transform-Bilateral":[52],"Stereo":[53],"Matching":[54],"Network),":[55],"a":[56,63,82],"novel":[57],"architecture":[58],"comprising":[59],"key":[61],"components:":[62],"hybrid":[64],"ViT-CNN":[65],"encoder":[66],"leverages":[68],"the":[69,108],"complementary":[70],"strengths":[71],"of":[72,110],"vision":[73],"transformers":[74],"CNNs":[76],"to":[77],"capture":[78],"long-range":[79],"dependencies":[80],"trainable":[83],"bilateral":[84],"filtering":[85],"module":[86],"suppresses":[88],"noise":[89],"in":[90],"homogeneous":[91],"regions":[92],"yet":[93],"preserves":[94],"geometric":[95],"boundaries":[96],"during":[97],"aggregation,":[98],"significantly":[99],"improving":[100],"precision.":[101],"Comprehensive":[102],"evaluations":[103],"on":[104],"benchmark":[105],"datasets":[106],"demonstrate":[107],"effectiveness":[109],"our":[111],"approach.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
