{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415744015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qrs-c65679.2025.00013","title":"RIRAG+: A Cross-Jurisdictional Financial Legal QA Framework Bridging Civil and Common Law Systems","display_name":"RIRAG+: A Cross-Jurisdictional Financial Legal QA Framework Bridging Civil and Common Law Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415744015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qrs-c65679.2025.00013"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/qrs-c65679.2025.00013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qrs-c65679.2025.00013","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 25th International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability, and Security Companion (QRS-C)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100393361","display_name":"Xinyan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5717-2714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinyan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050664549","display_name":"Xiaobing Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-5247"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11406153","display_name":"Shanghai International Studies University","ror":"https://ror.org/01bn89z48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11406153"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I905225518","display_name":"Shanghai University of International Business and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/031t68441","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I905225518"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobing Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I905225518","https://openalex.org/I11406153"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100955941","display_name":"Xiujuan Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiujuan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhiliang Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiliang Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103248943","display_name":"Rongxuan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5891-3118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11406153","display_name":"Shanghai International Studies University","ror":"https://ror.org/01bn89z48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11406153"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I905225518","display_name":"Shanghai University of International Business and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/031t68441","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I905225518"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongxuan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I905225518","https://openalex.org/I11406153"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100393361"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.35562722,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"11","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.3490000069141388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.3490000069141388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.19769999384880066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.05310000106692314,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obligation","display_name":"Obligation","score":0.5508000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-research","display_name":"Legal research","score":0.5475999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridging","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-citation","display_name":"Legal citation","score":0.35280001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-law","display_name":"Civil law (Civil law)","score":0.34689998626708984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778447849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2648051","display_name":"Obligation","level":2,"score":0.5508000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522695570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6517578","display_name":"Legal research","level":2,"score":0.5475999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.36910000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.3671000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506757014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6517471","display_name":"Legal citation","level":5,"score":0.35280001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3492000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780677400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4122235","display_name":"Civil law (Civil law)","level":3,"score":0.34689998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.33480000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162723807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1911852","display_name":"Legal opinion","level":5,"score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170706310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30216","display_name":"Common law","level":2,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100701532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374244","display_name":"Empirical legal studies","level":3,"score":0.3093999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3034000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.2953000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139043278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837171","display_name":"Financial services","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.27489998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779601481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650241","display_name":"Financial institution","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140280474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846882","display_name":"Sources of law","level":3,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778805511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713","display_name":"Citation","level":2,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993995455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3150005","display_name":"Legal document","level":2,"score":0.25609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170692843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15987302","display_name":"Legal profession","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/qrs-c65679.2025.00013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qrs-c65679.2025.00013","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 25th International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability, and Security Companion (QRS-C)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2739589984","https://openalex.org/W2985900875","https://openalex.org/W3099700870","https://openalex.org/W3099950029","https://openalex.org/W3156237268","https://openalex.org/W3185922622","https://openalex.org/W4390698589","https://openalex.org/W4402672062","https://openalex.org/W4404764563"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"introduces":[2],"RIRAG+,":[3],"a":[4,36,42],"novel":[5],"cross-jurisdictional":[6,31,136],"financial":[7,89,106,137],"legal":[8,32,44,90,94,107,125,138],"question-answering":[9],"framework":[10,83,129],"that":[11,39],"bridges":[12],"the":[13,27,114,132],"structural":[14],"and":[15,21,61,68,72,97,124],"terminological":[16],"divides":[17],"between":[18],"Civil":[19],"Law":[20,23],"Common":[22],"systems.":[24],"We":[25],"address":[26],"significant":[28,110],"challenge":[29],"of":[30,135],"research":[33,139],"by":[34],"developing":[35],"comprehensive":[37],"architecture":[38],"integrates:":[40],"(1)":[41],"dual":[43],"system":[45,78,95,116,142],"document":[46],"library":[47],"with":[48,104,113],"specialized":[49],"mapping":[50],"algorithms":[51],"connecting":[52],"related":[53],"concepts":[54],"across":[55],"jurisdictions;":[56],"(2)":[57],"an":[58,74],"advanced":[59],"retrieval":[60],"answer":[62],"generation":[63],"mechanism":[64],"featuring":[65],"jurisdiction-adaptive":[66],"weighting":[67],"rigorous":[69],"source":[70],"tracing;":[71],"(3)":[73],"expert-guided":[75],"quality":[76],"optimization":[77],"for":[79],"continuous":[80],"improvement.":[81],"The":[82],"incorporates":[84],"40":[85],"meticulously":[86],"selected":[87],"core":[88],"documents":[91],"from":[92],"each":[93],"(China":[96],"Dubai)":[98],"as":[99],"representative":[100,105],"examples.":[101],"Experimental":[102],"evaluation":[103],"queries":[108],"demonstrates":[109],"performance":[111],"gains,":[112],"expert-refined":[115],"achieving":[117],"substantial":[118],"improvements":[119],"in":[120],"accuracy,":[121],"citation":[122],"quality,":[123],"obligation":[126],"coverage.":[127],"Our":[128],"effectively":[130],"addresses":[131],"multifaceted":[133],"challenges":[134],"while":[140],"maintaining":[141],"extensibility.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-31T00:00:00"}
