{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416875352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00191","title":"QAS-QTNs: Curriculum Reinforcement Learning-Driven Quantum Architecture Search for Quantum Tensor Networks","display_name":"QAS-QTNs: Curriculum Reinforcement Learning-Driven Quantum Architecture Search for Quantum Tensor Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416875352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00191"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/qce65121.2025.00191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00191","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006423811","display_name":"Siddhant Dutta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5120-7114"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siddhant Dutta","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University,Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059523103","display_name":"Nouhaila Innan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1014-3457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120250893","display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00e5k0821","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120250893","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nouhaila Innan","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD),eBRAIN Lab, Division of Engineering,Abu Dhabi,UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD),eBRAIN Lab, Division of Engineering,Abu Dhabi,UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070511935","display_name":"Sadok Ben Yahia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8939-8948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184886455","display_name":"Maersk (Denmark)","ror":"https://ror.org/046gbzb64","country_code":"DK","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184886455"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadok Ben Yahia","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller Institute, University of Southern Denmark,Sønderborg,Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller Institute, University of Southern Denmark,Sønderborg,Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184886455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005190949","display_name":"Muhammad Shafique","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2607-8135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120250893","display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00e5k0821","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120250893","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Shafique","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD),eBRAIN Lab, Division of Engineering,Abu Dhabi,UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD),eBRAIN Lab, Division of Engineering,Abu Dhabi,UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6571,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87812477,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1739","last_page":"1747"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9751999974250793,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9751999974250793,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.007499999832361937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11804","display_name":"Quantum many-body systems","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-circuit","display_name":"Quantum circuit","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7044000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.626800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5371999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-gate","display_name":"Quantum gate","score":0.5041000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-machine-learning","display_name":"Quantum machine learning","score":0.46209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.4474000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.37470000982284546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124148022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122210","display_name":"Quantum circuit","level":5,"score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7044000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6407999992370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.626800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5371999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58849907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2118982","display_name":"Quantum gate","level":4,"score":0.5041000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779094486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18811578","display_name":"Quantum machine learning","level":4,"score":0.46209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.4474000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.37470000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570441","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","level":2,"score":0.3698999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.35370001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62641251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269097","display_name":"Quantum sort","level":5,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.34139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192122513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835770","display_name":"Quantum phase estimation algorithm","level":5,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3086000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.30469998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186468114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836478","display_name":"Quantum network","level":4,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15706264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230883","display_name":"Quantum state","level":3,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778926657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum system","level":3,"score":0.2572000026702881}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/qce65121.2025.00191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00191","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:sdu.dk:openaire_cris_publications/7baec88e-a13b-48c7-8ab7-5a65bd29ae67","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/7baec88e-a13b-48c7-8ab7-5a65bd29ae67","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400423","display_name":"University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177969490","host_organization_name":"University of Southern Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Dutta, S, Innan, N, Yahia, S B & Shafique, M 2025, QAS-QTNs : Curriculum Reinforcement Learning-Driven Quantum Architecture Search for Quantum Tensor Networks. in 2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE). vol. 01, IEEE, pp. 1739-1747, 2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE), Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States, 30/08/2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00191","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001619934","https://openalex.org/W2033368244","https://openalex.org/W2293506269","https://openalex.org/W2781738013","https://openalex.org/W2794602324","https://openalex.org/W2990961515","https://openalex.org/W3142849873","https://openalex.org/W3178793164","https://openalex.org/W4281287768","https://openalex.org/W4361290988","https://openalex.org/W4377099928","https://openalex.org/W4384830735","https://openalex.org/W4389168146","https://openalex.org/W4406261820","https://openalex.org/W7082650397"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantum":[0],"Architecture":[1],"Search":[2],"(QAS)":[3],"is":[4],"an":[5,188],"emerging":[6],"field":[7],"aimed":[8],"at":[9],"automating":[10],"the":[11,146,183],"design":[12,45],"of":[13,129,157,163,190,196],"quantum":[14,28,32,43,70,86,185,193,210,219],"circuits":[15,71,87],"for":[16,67,216],"optimal":[17,133,160],"performance.":[18],"This":[19,199],"paper":[20],"introduces":[21],"a":[22,121,126,179],"novel":[23],"QAS":[24],"framework":[25],"employing":[26],"hybrid":[27,200],"reinforcement":[29,52],"learning":[30,34,37,53,93],"with":[31,105,131,159],"curriculum":[33],"strategies,":[35],"enabling":[36],"agents":[38],"to":[39,178,204],"tackle":[40],"increasingly":[41],"complex":[42,148],"circuit":[44,77,186,211],"tasks.":[46],"We":[47],"benchmark":[48],"four":[49],"state-of-the-art":[50],"classical":[51,100,118,136,170],"algorithms":[54],"(A2C,":[55],"PPO,":[56],"DDQN,":[57],"TD3)":[58],"against":[59],"their":[60,169],"quantum-enhanced":[61,114],"counterparts":[62],"(QA2C,":[63],"QPPO,":[64],"QDDQN,":[65],"QTD3)":[66],"optimizing":[68],"variational":[69],"(VQCs).":[72],"Our":[73],"approach":[74,177,202],"progressively":[75],"increases":[76],"depth":[78],"and":[79,95,101,152,165,207],"gate":[80],"complexity":[81],"during":[82],"training,":[83],"leveraging":[84],"parameterized":[85],"as":[88],"function":[89],"approximations.":[90],"To":[91],"improve":[92],"efficiency":[94],"stability,":[96],"all":[97],"algorithms,":[98],"both":[99],"quantum,":[102],"are":[103],"augmented":[104],"Prioritized":[106],"Experience":[107],"Replay":[108],"(PER).":[109],"Experimental":[110],"results":[111],"show":[112],"that":[113],"RL":[115],"significantly":[116],"outperforms":[117],"methods.":[119],"In":[120,145],"2-qubit":[122],"environment,":[123],"PERQDDQN":[124,151],"achieves":[125,187],"success":[127,155,161],"probability":[128],"0.46":[130],"3,000":[132],"successes,":[134],"surpassing":[135],"PERDDQN":[137],"($\\mathbf{0.":[138],"4":[139,142],"2},":[140],"\\mathbf{2,":[141],"0":[143],"0}$).":[144],"more":[147,208],"3-qubit":[149],"setting,":[150],"PERQTD3":[153],"reach":[154],"probabilities":[156],"0.47,":[158],"counts":[162],"3,800":[164],"3,600,":[166],"respectively,":[167],"outperforming":[168,192],"counterparts.":[171],"Additionally,":[172],"we":[173],"apply":[174],"our":[175],"QAS-QTN":[176],"classification":[180],"problem,":[181],"where":[182],"optimized":[184],"accuracy":[189],"90.33%,":[191],"models":[194],"consisting":[195],"random":[197],"ansatz.":[198],"classical-quantum":[201],"leads":[203],"faster":[205],"convergence":[206],"efficient":[209],"designs,":[212],"demonstrating":[213],"its":[214],"potential":[215],"advancing":[217],"automated":[218],"architecture":[220],"search.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-12-01T00:00:00"}