{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416875174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00098","title":"Optimal Partitioning for Noisy Phase Estimation with the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) States","display_name":"Optimal Partitioning for Noisy Phase Estimation with the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) States","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416875174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00098"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/qce65121.2025.00098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00098","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085825232","display_name":"Allen Zang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2563-6529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allen Zang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075201562","display_name":"Tian-Xing Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7841-9341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian-Xing Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102792711","display_name":"Peter C. Maurer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9033-5135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter C. Maurer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108138948","display_name":"Frederic T. Chong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederic T. Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Chicago,Department of Computer Science,Chicago,IL,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Chicago,Department of Computer Science,Chicago,IL,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059578243","display_name":"Martin Suchara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-1367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Suchara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Azure Quantum,Redmond,WA,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Azure Quantum,Redmond,WA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051154337","display_name":"Tian Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3884-7453"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17917426,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"861","last_page":"872"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.40630000829696655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.40630000829696655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.33820000290870667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11449","display_name":"Mechanical and Optical Resonators","score":0.030500000342726707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dephasing","display_name":"Dephasing","score":0.597599983215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.583899974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5522000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.541100025177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partition","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","score":0.5042999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.41609999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-state","display_name":"Quantum state","score":0.3788999915122986}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6013000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49023278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5260650","display_name":"Dephasing","level":2,"score":0.597599983215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.583899974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5522000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.541100025177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1082910","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","level":2,"score":0.5042999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.42250001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.41609999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.40619999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15706264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230883","display_name":"Quantum state","level":3,"score":0.3788999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3743000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29265498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7047719","display_name":"Noise measurement","level":3,"score":0.3716999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89143813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105423","display_name":"Quantum sensor","level":5,"score":0.362199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111996192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269075","display_name":"Quantum noise","level":3,"score":0.3447999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190463098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081419","display_name":"Quantum technology","level":4,"score":0.299699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192122513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835770","display_name":"Quantum phase estimation algorithm","level":5,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778926657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum system","level":3,"score":0.2581000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.25540000200271606}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/qce65121.2025.00098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00098","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7324666714","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DMS-1929348","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":79,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557405337","https://openalex.org/W1968551136","https://openalex.org/W1980583020","https://openalex.org/W1981935016","https://openalex.org/W1986962549","https://openalex.org/W1993122650","https://openalex.org/W1993488859","https://openalex.org/W1999664967","https://openalex.org/W2007948277","https://openalex.org/W2015876000","https://openalex.org/W2025363053","https://openalex.org/W2029232010","https://openalex.org/W2031429407","https://openalex.org/W2051869207","https://openalex.org/W2055835228","https://openalex.org/W2057883617","https://openalex.org/W2065730083","https://openalex.org/W2068938156","https://openalex.org/W2123045575","https://openalex.org/W2131245179","https://openalex.org/W2133323418","https://openalex.org/W2141878472","https://openalex.org/W2154434103","https://openalex.org/W2163602254","https://openalex.org/W2252795400","https://openalex.org/W2319651424","https://openalex.org/W2325046259","https://openalex.org/W2513789975","https://openalex.org/W2608205557","https://openalex.org/W2622552587","https://openalex.org/W2762585259","https://openalex.org/W2767966692","https://openalex.org/W2782349233","https://openalex.org/W2793618798","https://openalex.org/W2901438777","https://openalex.org/W2950109355","https://openalex.org/W2959466714","https://openalex.org/W2962684328","https://openalex.org/W2965632114","https://openalex.org/W2967948480","https://openalex.org/W2968583812","https://openalex.org/W2985304956","https://openalex.org/W3000297083","https://openalex.org/W3013829741","https://openalex.org/W3014097088","https://openalex.org/W3035242205","https://openalex.org/W3036000280","https://openalex.org/W3037089521","https://openalex.org/W3037447387","https://openalex.org/W3038759110","https://openalex.org/W3039561727","https://openalex.org/W3083933437","https://openalex.org/W3092693562","https://openalex.org/W3100398135","https://openalex.org/W3123409103","https://openalex.org/W3124127657","https://openalex.org/W3125652746","https://openalex.org/W3142041921","https://openalex.org/W3145544159","https://openalex.org/W4280609474","https://openalex.org/W4281478010","https://openalex.org/W4319079672","https://openalex.org/W4321610982","https://openalex.org/W4385896651","https://openalex.org/W4389373471","https://openalex.org/W4390751077","https://openalex.org/W4390880387","https://openalex.org/W4391145567","https://openalex.org/W4392386427","https://openalex.org/W4392701315","https://openalex.org/W4392971919","https://openalex.org/W4394843013","https://openalex.org/W4396692694","https://openalex.org/W4400575055","https://openalex.org/W4403243791","https://openalex.org/W4403244135","https://openalex.org/W4404225498","https://openalex.org/W4408695390","https://openalex.org/W4410344612"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Presence":[0],"of":[1,13,37,43,50,58,62,74,113,129,137],"harmful":[2],"noise":[3,86,131],"is":[4],"inevitable":[5],"in":[6,19,34,141],"quantum":[7,31,44,143],"sensing":[8,17,32,126],"systems,":[9],"requiring":[10],"careful":[11],"allocation":[12,139],"resources":[14],"to":[15,29],"optimize":[16],"performance":[18,33,78,127],"practical":[20],"scenarios.":[21],"We":[22,69,103],"advocate":[23],"a":[24,40,63],"simple":[25],"but":[26],"effective":[27],"strategy":[28],"improve":[30],"the":[35,48,75,110,125,135],"presence":[36],"noise.":[38],"Given":[39],"fixed":[41],"number":[42,112],"sensors,":[45],"we":[46],"partition":[47],"preparation":[49,90],"GHZ":[51,59,64,82,117],"states":[52,60,83],"by":[53],"preparing":[54],"smaller,":[55],"independent":[56],"sub-ensembles":[57,114],"instead":[61],"state":[65,89],"across":[66],"all":[67],"sensors.":[68],"perform":[70],"extensive":[71],"analytical":[72],"studies":[73],"phase":[76],"estimation":[77],"when":[79],"using":[80],"partitioned":[81,116],"under":[84],"realistic":[85,142],"-":[87],"including":[88],"error,":[91],"particle":[92],"loss":[93],"during":[94,100],"parameter":[95,101],"encoding,":[96],"and":[97,133],"sensor":[98],"dephasing":[99],"encoding.":[102],"derive":[104],"simple,":[105],"closed-form":[106],"expressions":[107],"that":[108],"quantify":[109],"optimal":[111],"for":[115],"states.":[118],"The":[119],"results":[120],"offer":[121],"quantitative":[122],"insights":[123],"into":[124],"impact":[128],"different":[130],"sources":[132],"reinforce":[134],"importance":[136],"resource":[138],"optimization":[140],"applications.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-12-01T00:00:00"}
