{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416874760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00073","title":"Coniq: Enabling Concatenated Quantum Error Correction on Neutral Atom Arrays","display_name":"Coniq: Enabling Concatenated Quantum Error Correction on Neutral Atom Arrays","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416874760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00073"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/qce65121.2025.00073","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00073","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100660889","display_name":"Pengyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1302-2391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University,Computer Science Department,Pittsburgh,PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University,Computer Science Department,Pittsburgh,PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009662133","display_name":"Mingkuan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8123-5148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingkuan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University,Computer Science Department,Pittsburgh,PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University,Computer Science Department,Pittsburgh,PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101474192","display_name":"Hengyun Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2148-8856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111145","display_name":"QuEra Computing (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01njdjw78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hengyun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["QuEra Computing Inc,Boston,MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuEra Computing Inc,Boston,MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032510158","display_name":"Hanrui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7229-4015"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanrui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles,Computer Science Department,Los Angeles,CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles,Computer Science Department,Los Angeles,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015051107","display_name":"Umut A. Acar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2623-4986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Umut A. Acar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University,Computer Science Department,Pittsburgh,PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University,Computer Science Department,Pittsburgh,PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079557370","display_name":"Yunong Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0824-6107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunong Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Web Services,New York,NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Web Services,New York,NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.673,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8788459,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"615","last_page":"626"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9251999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9251999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13182","display_name":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","score":0.026799999177455902,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.012799999676644802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6197999715805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.6061999797821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.5022000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.47429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.43619999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection-and-correction","display_name":"Error detection and correction","score":0.42660000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-error-correction","display_name":"Quantum error correction","score":0.42559999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compile-time","display_name":"Compile time","score":0.3971000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atom","display_name":"Atom (system on chip)","score":0.38769999146461487}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6782000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6197999715805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6061999797821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.5022000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.47429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.46709999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.43619999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.42660000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51003876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1536431","display_name":"Quantum error correction","level":4,"score":0.42559999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200833197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333707","display_name":"Compile time","level":3,"score":0.3971000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58312451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817200","display_name":"Atom (system on chip)","level":2,"score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.36820000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.3614000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182953411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917713","display_name":"Controlled NOT gate","level":5,"score":0.3587999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124148022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122210","display_name":"Quantum circuit","level":5,"score":0.35339999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58849907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2118982","display_name":"Quantum gate","level":4,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.32350000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130187892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133327","display_name":"Spacetime","level":2,"score":0.31619998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.31349998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244916","display_name":"Intermediate language","level":3,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/qce65121.2025.00073","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce65121.2025.00073","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2114207424","https://openalex.org/W2342198989","https://openalex.org/W2946582523","https://openalex.org/W2980678955","https://openalex.org/W3089458228","https://openalex.org/W3135510046","https://openalex.org/W3192658706","https://openalex.org/W3213933684","https://openalex.org/W4205204514","https://openalex.org/W4224254118","https://openalex.org/W4225259930","https://openalex.org/W4281625686","https://openalex.org/W4312121030","https://openalex.org/W4376639540","https://openalex.org/W4387542025","https://openalex.org/W4388581271","https://openalex.org/W4389373471","https://openalex.org/W4390912845","https://openalex.org/W4396237843","https://openalex.org/W4398204237","https://openalex.org/W4401211726","https://openalex.org/W4404090535","https://openalex.org/W4406617380","https://openalex.org/W4408153009","https://openalex.org/W4410078271","https://openalex.org/W4410357503","https://openalex.org/W4410922251"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"progress":[1],"on":[2,77],"concatenated":[3,56,177],"codes,":[4,7,57,60],"especially":[5],"many-hypercube":[6,59,136],"achieves":[8,143],"unprecedented":[9],"space":[10],"efficiency.":[11],"Yet":[12],"two":[13,78],"critical":[14],"challenges":[15,41],"persist":[16],"in":[17,119,147,154,187],"practice.":[18],"First,":[19,81],"these":[20,117],"codes":[21,178],"lack":[22],"efficient":[23,52],"implementations":[24],"of":[25,34,170],"addressable":[26],"logical":[27,88],"gates.":[28],"Second,":[29,101],"the":[30,68,188],"required":[31],"high":[32],"degree":[33],"parallelism":[35,70],"and":[36,71,113,150],"long-range":[37,72],"interactions":[38],"pose":[39],"significant":[40],"for":[42,55,131,183],"current":[43],"hardware":[44],"platforms.":[45],"In":[46],"this":[47],"paper,":[48],"we":[49,82,102],"propose":[50],"an":[51,166],"compilation":[53,155],"approach":[54,75,182],"specifically":[58],"targeted":[61],"at":[62],"neutral":[63,132],"atom":[64,133],"arrays,":[65],"which":[66],"provide":[67],"necessary":[69],"interactions.":[73],"Our":[74,138],"builds":[76],"key":[79],"innovations.":[80],"introduce":[83],"Automorphism-assisted":[84],"Hierarchical":[85],"Addressing":[86],"(AHA)":[87],"CNOT":[89],"gates":[90,164],"that":[91,109,141],"significantly":[92],"reduce":[93],"spacetime":[94,148],"overhead":[95,149,168],"compared":[96,157],"to":[97,126,158],"conventional":[98],"distillation-based":[99],"methods.":[100],"develop":[103],"Virtual":[104],"Atom":[105],"Intermediate":[106],"Representation":[107],"(VAIR)":[108],"enables":[110],"level-wise":[111],"optimization":[112],"legalization.":[114],"We":[115],"implement":[116],"innovations":[118],"ConiQ,":[120],"a":[121,180],"hardware-aware":[122],"quantum":[123,129,185],"compiler":[124],"designed":[125],"compile":[127],"fault-tolerant":[128,184],"circuits":[130],"arrays":[134],"using":[135],"codes.":[137],"evaluation":[139],"demonstrates":[140],"ConiQ":[142],"up":[144,151,171],"to$2000":[145],"\\times$reduction":[146,153],"to$10^{6}":[152],"time":[156],"state-of-the-art":[159],"compilers,":[160],"with":[161],"our":[162],"AHA":[163],"providing":[165],"additional":[167],"reduction":[169],"to$20":[172],"\\times$.":[173],"These":[174],"results":[175],"establish":[176],"as":[179],"promising":[181],"computing":[186],"near":[189],"future.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-12-01T00:00:00"}
