{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293093536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pst55820.2022.9851966","title":"Towards the Development of a Realistic Multidimensional IoT Profiling Dataset","display_name":"Towards the Development of a Realistic Multidimensional IoT Profiling Dataset","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293093536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pst55820.2022.9851966"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pst55820.2022.9851966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pst55820.2022.9851966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 19th Annual International Conference on Privacy, Security & Trust (PST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052766937","display_name":"Sajjad Dadkhah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5582-0255"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106938459","display_name":"University of New Brunswick","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkf0n29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258595","display_name":"Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhsjs55","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sajjad Dadkhah","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New Brunswick,Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,Fredericton,Canada","Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Brunswick,Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,Fredericton,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063001604","display_name":"Hassan Mahdikhani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1306-0304"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106938459","display_name":"University of New Brunswick","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkf0n29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258595","display_name":"Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhsjs55","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassan Mahdikhani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New Brunswick,Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,Fredericton,Canada","Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Brunswick,Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,Fredericton,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079454058","display_name":"Priscilla Kyei Danso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1262-844X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106938459","display_name":"University of New Brunswick","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkf0n29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258595","display_name":"Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhsjs55","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Priscilla Kyei Danso","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New Brunswick,Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,Fredericton,Canada","Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Brunswick,Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,Fredericton,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002396935","display_name":"Alireza Zohourian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106938459","display_name":"University of New Brunswick","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkf0n29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258595","display_name":"Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhsjs55","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza Zohourian","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New Brunswick,Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,Fredericton,Canada","Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Brunswick,Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,Fredericton,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059052375","display_name":"Kevin Anh Truong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106938459","display_name":"University of New Brunswick","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkf0n29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258595","display_name":"Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhsjs55","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Anh Truong","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New Brunswick,Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,Fredericton,Canada","Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Brunswick,Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,Fredericton,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001998968","display_name":"Ali A. Ghorbani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1645-6008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106938459","display_name":"University of New Brunswick","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkf0n29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258595","display_name":"Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhsjs55","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali A. Ghorbani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New Brunswick,Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,Fredericton,Canada","Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Brunswick,Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity,Fredericton,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I4405258595"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":41.9795,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":194,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99969411,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8253487348556519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profiling","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","score":0.6564436554908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.6405236124992371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transferability","display_name":"Transferability","score":0.5449811220169067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.5201171636581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.48454394936561584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4509737193584442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.44089072942733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.43527013063430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.4312971532344818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.344447523355484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3410855233669281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.2651374936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.22214728593826294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.12485846877098083}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8253487348556519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.6564436554908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.6405236124992371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61272859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834031","display_name":"Transferability","level":3,"score":0.5449811220169067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.5201171636581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.48454394936561584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4509737193584442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.44089072942733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.43527013063430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.4312971532344818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.344447523355484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3410855233669281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2651374936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.22214728593826294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.12485846877098083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140331021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868104","display_name":"Logit","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pst55820.2022.9851966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pst55820.2022.9851966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 19th Annual International Conference on Privacy, Security & Trust (PST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570011815","https://openalex.org/W2029758586","https://openalex.org/W2148566536","https://openalex.org/W2261059368","https://openalex.org/W2292220633","https://openalex.org/W2623671314","https://openalex.org/W2754804809","https://openalex.org/W2797742547","https://openalex.org/W2897514040","https://openalex.org/W2911505293","https://openalex.org/W2955014922","https://openalex.org/W2972484797","https://openalex.org/W2980558733","https://openalex.org/W3000307855","https://openalex.org/W3021219025","https://openalex.org/W3096708903","https://openalex.org/W3105750153","https://openalex.org/W3135103387","https://openalex.org/W4205908404","https://openalex.org/W4241348844","https://openalex.org/W6744392808"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3043172660","https://openalex.org/W4233956083","https://openalex.org/W2606119541","https://openalex.org/W2571381109","https://openalex.org/W4313017920","https://openalex.org/W2044434950","https://openalex.org/W3026018975","https://openalex.org/W4361829588","https://openalex.org/W2366863407","https://openalex.org/W4200606087"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Internet":[1],"of":[2,13,35,89,142,195,202,231],"Things":[3],"(IoT)":[4],"is":[5,53,109],"an":[6,224],"emerging":[7],"technology":[8],"that":[9,64],"enables":[10],"the":[11,87,90,94,140,154,199,229,232,240,246,249,257,270,275],"development":[12],"low-cost":[14],"and":[15,32,38,48,60,75,82,97,116,130,166,182,217,235,255],"energy-efficient":[16],"IoT":[17,36,58,68,78,95,144,161,277],"devices":[18,37,91,145,162,196],"across":[19],"various":[20],"solutions":[21],"from":[22,172,242,251],"smart":[23,204],"cities":[24],"to":[25,55,67,93,125,197,248],"healthcare":[26],"domains.":[27],"With":[28],"such":[29],"a":[30,73,105,193,203,252],"complex":[31],"heterogeneous":[33],"instance":[34],"their":[39,261],"applications,":[40],"numerous":[41],"challenges":[42],"arise":[43],"in":[44,149,175],"both":[45],"device":[46,113,117,133,174],"management":[47],"security":[49],"concerns.":[50],"Thus,":[51],"it":[52],"essential":[54],"develop":[56],"intelligent":[57],"identification/profiling":[59,85],"intrusion":[61],"detection":[62],"components":[63],"are":[65,267],"tailored":[66],"applications.":[69],"Such":[70],"systems":[71],"require":[72],"realistic":[74],"multidimensional":[76],"reference":[77],"dataset":[79,241,250,265,272,278],"for":[80,157],"training":[81],"evaluation.":[83],"Device":[84],"ensures":[86],"authenticity":[88],"attached":[92],"network":[96,114,200],"environment":[98],"which":[99],"can":[100],"be":[101],"achieved":[102],"by":[103,112],"fingerprinting":[104,108],"device.":[106],"Since":[107],"mostly":[110],"examined":[111],"flows":[115],"local":[118],"attributes,":[119],"we":[120,138,207,222],"have":[121,208],"proposed":[122],"this":[123,136],"study":[124,227],"intelligently":[126],"recognize":[127],"machine-to-machine":[128],"communication":[129],"identify":[131],"each":[132,173],"properly.":[134],"In":[135],"paper,":[137],"analyzed":[139],"behaviour":[141],"60":[143],"during":[146],"experiments":[147,189],"conducted":[148,191],"our":[150,237,243],"lab":[151,254],"setup":[152],"at":[153],"Canadian":[155],"Institute":[156],"Cybersecurity":[158],"(CIC).":[159],"Our":[160],"include":[163],"WiFi,":[164],"ZigBee,":[165],"Z-Wave":[167],"devices.":[168],"We":[169],"collected":[170],"data":[171],"four":[176],"stages:":[177],"powered":[178],"on,":[179],"idle,":[180],"active,":[181],"interactions.":[183],"Besides":[184],"these":[185],"stages,":[186],"different":[187,253],"scenario":[188],"were":[190],"using":[192],"microcosm":[194],"simulate":[198],"activity":[201],"home.":[205],"Additionally,":[206],"generated":[209],"two":[210],"attack":[211,216],"datasets,":[212],"namely":[213],"flood":[214],"denial-of-service":[215],"RTSP":[218],"brute-force":[219],"attack.":[220],"Lastly,":[221],"implement":[223],"extensive":[225],"case":[226],"on":[228,260,269],"transferability":[230],"RF":[233],"classifier":[234],"train":[236],"model":[238,247,259],"with":[239],"lab,":[244],"transfer":[245],"test":[256],"trained":[258],"dataset.":[262],"This":[263],"paper\u2019s":[264],"materials":[266],"available":[268],"CIC":[271,276],"page":[273],"under":[274],"20221.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":69},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}