{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3000544438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pst47121.2019.8949033","title":"Geographic Hints for Passphrase Authentication","display_name":"Geographic Hints for Passphrase Authentication","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3000544438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pst47121.2019.8949033","mag":"3000544438"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pst47121.2019.8949033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pst47121.2019.8949033","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 17th International Conference on Privacy, Security and Trust (PST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085080841","display_name":"Alaadin Addas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39470171","display_name":"Ontario Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/016zre027","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alaadin Addas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ontario Tech University,Oshawa,Canada","Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontario Tech University,Oshawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000647973","display_name":"Julie Thorpe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6629-158X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39470171","display_name":"Ontario Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/016zre027","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julie Thorpe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ontario Tech University,Oshawa,Canada","Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontario Tech University,Oshawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058217217","display_name":"Amirali Salehi\u2010Abari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8053-7710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39470171","display_name":"Ontario Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/016zre027","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amirali Salehi-Abari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ontario Tech University,Oshawa,Canada","Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontario Tech University,Oshawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39470171"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.058,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8488574,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9700999855995178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/login","display_name":"Login","score":0.916918158531189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.8140019774436951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7809501886367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6362540125846863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.5967457294464111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/session","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","score":0.5247507095336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.36889469623565674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.35673987865448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3348313570022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.30664363503456116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113324615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472302","display_name":"Login","level":2,"score":0.916918158531189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.8140019774436951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7809501886367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6362540125846863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.5967457294464111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.5247507095336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.36889469623565674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.35673987865448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3348313570022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.30664363503456116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pst47121.2019.8949033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pst47121.2019.8949033","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 17th International Conference on Privacy, Security and Trust (PST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W821002660","https://openalex.org/W1415620964","https://openalex.org/W1509135693","https://openalex.org/W1598433849","https://openalex.org/W1599547597","https://openalex.org/W1979777715","https://openalex.org/W2019578814","https://openalex.org/W2026939551","https://openalex.org/W2030112111","https://openalex.org/W2055147133","https://openalex.org/W2064945825","https://openalex.org/W2073342447","https://openalex.org/W2074279819","https://openalex.org/W2076245464","https://openalex.org/W2076868093","https://openalex.org/W2081685199","https://openalex.org/W2082164775","https://openalex.org/W2096860854","https://openalex.org/W2106247215","https://openalex.org/W2108759546","https://openalex.org/W2113266120","https://openalex.org/W2113936660","https://openalex.org/W2115218409","https://openalex.org/W2122615888","https://openalex.org/W2126453598","https://openalex.org/W2127171880","https://openalex.org/W2135359429","https://openalex.org/W2145881505","https://openalex.org/W2152337449","https://openalex.org/W2161032904","https://openalex.org/W2167841977","https://openalex.org/W2171133282","https://openalex.org/W2174580853","https://openalex.org/W2198321343","https://openalex.org/W2253893204","https://openalex.org/W2379253119","https://openalex.org/W2394560680","https://openalex.org/W2396697587","https://openalex.org/W2397107144","https://openalex.org/W2404167293","https://openalex.org/W2463444906","https://openalex.org/W2463456957","https://openalex.org/W2581766746","https://openalex.org/W2890206858","https://openalex.org/W2962932298","https://openalex.org/W2999370231","https://openalex.org/W2999599390","https://openalex.org/W3030552871","https://openalex.org/W6628269806","https://openalex.org/W6635624157","https://openalex.org/W6674314876","https://openalex.org/W6683004473","https://openalex.org/W6683498256","https://openalex.org/W6684764570","https://openalex.org/W6685410307","https://openalex.org/W6687454053","https://openalex.org/W6709651691","https://openalex.org/W6711595132","https://openalex.org/W6712361343","https://openalex.org/W6719406283","https://openalex.org/W6765287023","https://openalex.org/W6772697318"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4256170434","https://openalex.org/W4233948907","https://openalex.org/W4235220108","https://openalex.org/W4315650027","https://openalex.org/W4238894392","https://openalex.org/W2357607877","https://openalex.org/W4238771742","https://openalex.org/W4235839583","https://openalex.org/W4311722428","https://openalex.org/W4252054168"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,47,122],"propose":[1],"and":[2,33,52,60,152],"study":[3,69,72,88],"the":[4,25,28,36,42,49,58,111,124,149],"use":[5],"of":[6,12,30,44,62,127,138],"geographic":[7,55,92,166],"hints":[8,17,56,93],"to":[9,35,82,135,147,161],"aid":[10],"memorability":[11],"passphrase-style":[13,63],"authentication":[14,108],"secrets.":[15],"Geographic":[16],"are":[18,22],"map":[19],"locations":[20],"that":[21,90,131,156,164],"selected":[23],"by":[24],"user":[26,37,68],"at":[27,41],"time":[29,43],"passphrase":[31,45,77,120],"creation,":[32],"shown":[34],"as":[38,110],"a":[39,66,106],"hint":[40],"login.":[46],"implement":[48],"GeoHints":[50,100],"system":[51,150],"analyze":[53,123],"how":[54],"impact":[57],"usability":[59],"security":[61],"secrets":[64],"in":[65],"multi-session":[67],"(n=38).":[70],"The":[71],"involved":[73],"testing":[74],"for":[75,96],"multiple":[76],"interference-each":[78],"participant":[79],"was":[80,115],"asked":[81],"recall":[83,137],"4":[84],"distinct":[85],"passphrases.":[86],"Our":[87],"indicates":[89],"while":[91],"showed":[94],"promise":[95],"reducing":[97],"memory":[98],"interference,":[99],"(as":[101],"implemented)":[102],"does":[103],"not":[104],"produce":[105],"viable":[107,162],"system,":[109],"login":[112,128],"success":[113],"rate":[114],"25%":[116],"7-11":[117],"days":[118],"after":[119],"selection.":[121],"root":[125],"causes":[126],"errors,":[129],"finding":[130,143],"most":[132],"were":[133],"due":[134],"inexact":[136],"free-form":[139],"text":[140],"input.":[141],"This":[142],"points":[144],"towards":[145],"opportunities":[146],"improve":[148],"design,":[151],"we":[153,157],"suggest":[154],"improvements":[155],"believe":[158],"will":[159],"lead":[160],"systems":[163],"employ":[165],"hints.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
