{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2609020384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pst.2016.7907023","title":"A security analysis of police computer systems","display_name":"A security analysis of police computer systems","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2609020384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pst.2016.7907023","mag":"2609020384"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pst.2016.7907023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pst.2016.7907023","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 14th Annual Conference on Privacy, Security and Trust (PST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012324815","display_name":"Benjamin VanderSloot","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin VanderSloot","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041661783","display_name":"Stuart Wheaton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2626-5173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stuart Wheaton","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065822688","display_name":"J. Alex Halderman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9116-5390"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Alex Halderman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21797548,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"80","issue":null,"first_page":"714","last_page":"721"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7020728588104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-service","display_name":"Security service","score":0.6168519854545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5321231484413147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-through-obscurity","display_name":"Security through obscurity","score":0.5302379131317139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing-security","display_name":"Cloud computing security","score":0.4964450001716614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-information-and-event-management","display_name":"Security information and event management","score":0.4890643060207367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.48086458444595337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4567789137363434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-policy","display_name":"Security policy","score":0.44781920313835144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-testing","display_name":"Security testing","score":0.42812061309814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-security","display_name":"Information security","score":0.3750126361846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3483301103115082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.26109570264816284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18412339687347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.1229882538318634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7020728588104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29983905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445066","display_name":"Security service","level":3,"score":0.6168519854545593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5321231484413147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114869243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133735","display_name":"Security through obscurity","level":5,"score":0.5302379131317139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.4964450001716614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.4890643060207367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.48086458444595337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4567789137363434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154908896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2167404","display_name":"Security policy","level":2,"score":0.44781920313835144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195518309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13424265","display_name":"Security testing","level":5,"score":0.42812061309814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.3750126361846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3483301103115082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.26109570264816284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18412339687347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.1229882538318634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pst.2016.7907023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pst.2016.7907023","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 14th Annual Conference on Privacy, Security and Trust (PST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025321651","https://openalex.org/W2081436185","https://openalex.org/W2094741359","https://openalex.org/W2126360800","https://openalex.org/W2131220052","https://openalex.org/W2145994642","https://openalex.org/W2162783010","https://openalex.org/W2408621407","https://openalex.org/W2951158663","https://openalex.org/W6679536036","https://openalex.org/W6713797464","https://openalex.org/W6764326743"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2745157681","https://openalex.org/W2345270111","https://openalex.org/W2165898552","https://openalex.org/W2397931496","https://openalex.org/W2299494954","https://openalex.org/W2008985775","https://openalex.org/W2062411488","https://openalex.org/W2030343105","https://openalex.org/W1528506334","https://openalex.org/W2055319964"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Every":[0],"day":[1],"we":[2,94],"entrust":[3],"our":[4],"privacy,":[5],"safety,":[6],"and":[7,15,57,67,106,139,145],"security":[8,52,65,80,90,123,143],"to":[9,13,34,73,108,152],"police":[10,47,115],"officers":[11,32],"sworn":[12],"protect":[14],"serve.":[16],"While":[17],"many":[18],"critical":[19,155],"infrastructure":[20,29],"computer":[21,28],"systems":[22,49,70,156],"have":[23],"been":[24],"well":[25],"studied,":[26],"the":[27,64,79,89,92,112],"supporting":[30],"these":[31,154],"remains":[33],"be":[35,109],"surveyed":[36],"in":[37,103,150],"public":[38],"literature.":[39],"We":[40,117],"remedy":[41],"this":[42,82,104],"by":[43],"characterizing":[44],"a":[45,51],"sample":[46],"department's":[48,83],"through":[50],"lens,":[53],"discussing":[54],"weak":[55],"points":[56,77],"areas":[58],"for":[59,111,130,142],"future":[60],"work.":[61],"Pen-testing":[62],"of":[63,81,91,114],"camera":[66],"web":[68],"application":[69],"were":[71],"performed":[72],"give":[74],"hard":[75],"data":[76],"on":[78],"systems.":[84],"Our":[85],"characterization":[86],"shows":[87],"that":[88,119],"department":[93,105],"study":[95],"is":[96,125,134,148],"good":[97],"overall,":[98],"but":[99,132],"enough":[100],"weaknesses":[101],"exist":[102],"others":[107],"concerned":[110],"state":[113],"security.":[116],"determine":[118],"compliance":[120],"with":[121],"FBI":[122],"policies":[124],"an":[126],"appropriate":[127],"first":[128],"step":[129],"departments,":[131],"it":[133],"not":[135],"sufficient.":[136],"More":[137],"research":[138],"increased":[140],"support":[141],"education":[144],"resource":[146],"services":[147],"needed":[149],"order":[151],"defend":[153],"against":[157],"adapting":[158],"adversaries.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
