{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388214378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/psc57974.2023.10297132","title":"Validation of Photonic Neural Networks in Health Scenarios","display_name":"Validation of Photonic Neural Networks in Health Scenarios","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388214378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/psc57974.2023.10297132"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/psc57974.2023.10297132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/psc57974.2023.10297132","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 International Conference on Photonics in Switching and Computing (PSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072597020","display_name":"Emilio Paolini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7486-9268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"E. Paolini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna,Pisa,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna,Pisa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066928855","display_name":"Lorenzo De Marinis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1462-3199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. De Marinis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna,Pisa,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna,Pisa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019204181","display_name":"G. Contestabile","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8703-3291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Contestabile","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna,Pisa,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna,Pisa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002949875","display_name":"Sumanta Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8483-9572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132153292","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Patna","ror":"https://ror.org/01ft5vz71","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132153292"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Patna,Bihta,India","Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Patna,Bihta,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132153292"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132153292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024138045","display_name":"Luca Maggiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9217-9911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125264","display_name":"R2M Solution (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/0385et328","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125264"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Maggiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sma-RTy Italia SRL,Carugate,Italy","Sma-RTy Italia SRL, Carugate, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sma-RTy Italia SRL,Carugate,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125264"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sma-RTy Italia SRL, Carugate, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016101884","display_name":"Nicola Andriolli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8322-6854"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100607","display_name":"Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00n4jbh84","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100607","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130157","display_name":"Institute of Informatics and Telematics","ror":"https://ror.org/02gdcn153","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130157","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Andriolli","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR-IEIIT,Pisa,Italy","CNR-IEIIT, Pisa, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IEIIT,Pisa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130157","https://openalex.org/I4210100607"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR-IEIIT, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130157","https://openalex.org/I4210100607"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072597020"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5345,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72848937,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7180222272872925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sigmoid-function","display_name":"Sigmoid function","score":0.6791753768920898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6667171716690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonics","display_name":"Photonics","score":0.6490854620933533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.5644705891609192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5562411546707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5086249113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.45862242579460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.4254691004753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3357123136520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32252058386802673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2392992079257965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.10013538599014282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08481529355049133}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7180222272872925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81388566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q526668","display_name":"Sigmoid function","level":3,"score":0.6791753768920898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6667171716690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.6490854620933533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5644705891609192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5562411546707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5086249113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.45862242579460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.4254691004753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3357123136520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32252058386802673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2392992079257965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10013538599014282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08481529355049133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/psc57974.2023.10297132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/psc57974.2023.10297132","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 International Conference on Photonics in Switching and Computing (PSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/1272053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11568/1272053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.iris.sssup.it:11382/561033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11382/561033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196376","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","host_organization_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7205771190","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PE00000001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332647","display_name":"Center for Neuroscience Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2752849906","https://openalex.org/W2796625795","https://openalex.org/W2888329769","https://openalex.org/W2923894441","https://openalex.org/W2977468072","https://openalex.org/W2992359756","https://openalex.org/W3096230432","https://openalex.org/W3103145197","https://openalex.org/W3128451613","https://openalex.org/W3178613158","https://openalex.org/W3211238175","https://openalex.org/W4224310561","https://openalex.org/W4299841232","https://openalex.org/W4309228620","https://openalex.org/W4328105391","https://openalex.org/W4361858634","https://openalex.org/W4379086687","https://openalex.org/W4391086590","https://openalex.org/W6852746624"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385957115","https://openalex.org/W2061372042","https://openalex.org/W3047779762","https://openalex.org/W1520030019","https://openalex.org/W2071654592","https://openalex.org/W3204400881","https://openalex.org/W3214410901","https://openalex.org/W3204296682","https://openalex.org/W3183118997","https://openalex.org/W2917767146"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Photonic":[0],"hardware":[1],"represents":[2],"a":[3,29,52,83,87],"promising":[4],"alternative":[5],"to":[6,50],"speed-up":[7],"Neural":[8,31],"Network":[9,32],"(NN)":[10],"computations,":[11],"outperforming":[12],"electronic":[13],"counterparts":[14],"in":[15,90],"terms":[16],"of":[17,70,120],"speed,":[18],"energy":[19],"consumption":[20],"and":[21,37,43],"computing":[22],"density.":[23],"In":[24],"this":[25],"paper":[26],"we":[27],"exploit":[28],"Photonic-Aware":[30],"(PANN)":[33],"architecture":[34],"with":[35],"unipolar":[36],"bipolar":[38,71,92],"weight":[39,74],"implementations,":[40],"considering":[41],"ReLU":[42,79],"photonic":[44],"sigmoid":[45],"as":[46,82],"candidate":[47],"activation":[48],"functions":[49],"solve":[51],"heartbeat":[53],"sound":[54],"classification":[55],"task.":[56],"Results":[57],"indicate":[58],"that":[59,98],"increasing":[60],"the":[61,66,91,104,109,112,118,121,125],"bitwidths":[62],"during":[63],"quantization":[64],"improves":[65],"F1-score.":[67],"The":[68],"use":[69],"implementation":[72],"for":[73,111],"choice":[75],"demonstrates":[76],"better":[77,84],"performance.":[78],"is":[80,95,128],"identified":[81],"nonlinearity.":[85],"Finally,":[86],"multi-resolution":[88,100],"scenario":[89],"photonic-sigmoid":[93],"experiment":[94],"evaluated,":[96],"revealing":[97],"incorporating":[99],"does":[101],"not":[102],"enhance":[103],"model's":[105],"generalization":[106],"ability":[107],"if":[108],"bitwidth":[110,123],"first":[113],"layer":[114],"remains":[115],"fixed.":[116],"However,":[117],"importance":[119],"highest":[122],"at":[124],"NN":[126],"inputs":[127],"highlighted.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-08T08:50:53.379069","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}