{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4382541859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime58259.2023.10161823","title":"Ultra-Low Power Heart Rate Estimation with VCO-based ADCs","display_name":"Ultra-Low Power Heart Rate Estimation with VCO-based ADCs","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4382541859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime58259.2023.10161823"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/prime58259.2023.10161823","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime58259.2023.10161823","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 18th Conference on Ph.D Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086760669","display_name":"Leidy Mabel Alvero-Gonzalez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4736-9492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leidy Mabel Alvero-Gonzalez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carlos III University of Madrid,Electronics Technology,Madrid,Spain","Electronics Technology, Carlos III University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carlos III University of Madrid,Electronics Technology,Madrid,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics Technology, Carlos III University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031347657","display_name":"Carlos Perez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8189-336X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carlos III University of Madrid,Electronics Technology,Madrid,Spain","Electronics Technology, Carlos III University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carlos III University of Madrid,Electronics Technology,Madrid,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics Technology, Carlos III University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079873012","display_name":"Natalia J. Martinez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0663-9011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46176106","display_name":"Universidad de Burgos","ror":"https://ror.org/049da5t36","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46176106"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natalia Martinez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Burgos,History, Geography and Communication,Burgos,Spain","History, Geography and Communication, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Burgos,History, Geography and Communication,Burgos,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46176106"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"History, Geography and Communication, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46176106"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007158927","display_name":"Ana Mej\u00f3n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-2992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Mejon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carlos III University of Madrid,Communication and Media Studies,Madrid,Spain","Communication and Media Studies, Carlos III University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carlos III University of Madrid,Communication and Media Studies,Madrid,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication and Media Studies, Carlos III University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051702820","display_name":"Eric Gutierrez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2901-441X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Gutierrez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carlos III University of Madrid,Electronics Technology,Madrid,Spain","Electronics Technology, Carlos III University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carlos III University of Madrid,Electronics Technology,Madrid,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics Technology, Carlos III University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11403206,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"261","last_page":"264"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.8516185879707336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6309956312179565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5838386416435242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5730426907539368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schmitt-trigger","display_name":"Schmitt trigger","score":0.5458309650421143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.5121474266052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-power-electronics","display_name":"Low-power electronics","score":0.45044177770614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitization","display_name":"Digitization","score":0.4504115581512451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.42085665464401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3992106318473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3735642433166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3611341714859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.31019461154937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26547396183013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13709571957588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10301834344863892}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.8516185879707336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6309956312179565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5838386416435242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5730426907539368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90201813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202957","display_name":"Schmitt trigger","level":3,"score":0.5458309650421143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.5121474266052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117551214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6692774","display_name":"Low-power electronics","level":4,"score":0.45044177770614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779308522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843958","display_name":"Digitization","level":2,"score":0.4504115581512451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.42085665464401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3992106318473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3735642433166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3611341714859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.31019461154937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26547396183013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13709571957588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10301834344863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/prime58259.2023.10161823","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime58259.2023.10161823","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 18th Conference on Ph.D Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975483900","https://openalex.org/W2079743623","https://openalex.org/W2131496831","https://openalex.org/W2289170447","https://openalex.org/W2567171447","https://openalex.org/W2913407390","https://openalex.org/W3004391817","https://openalex.org/W3034859911","https://openalex.org/W3037704204","https://openalex.org/W4205218229","https://openalex.org/W4312823522"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539704186","https://openalex.org/W2070109416","https://openalex.org/W2369897725","https://openalex.org/W4384502435","https://openalex.org/W4200332348","https://openalex.org/W1557347312","https://openalex.org/W1518547412","https://openalex.org/W1963550172","https://openalex.org/W4384129951","https://openalex.org/W2392700346"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,16,84],"system":[1],"and":[2,72,104],"circuit":[3,66],"approach":[4],"to":[5,55,96],"perform":[6,52],"ultra-low":[7],"power":[8,98],"heart":[9,62,106],"estimation":[10],"is":[11,30,67,76],"proposed":[12],"towards":[13],"biomedical":[14],"wearables.":[15],"voltage":[17],"controlled":[18],"oscillator":[19,29],"based":[20],"analog-to-digital":[21],"converter":[22],"(VCO-based":[23],"ADC)":[24],"implemented":[25],"with":[26],"a":[27,36,90,97,105],"ring":[28],"used":[31],"for":[32],"the":[33,61,73,80],"digitization":[34],"of":[35,60,100],"blood":[37],"volume":[38],"pulse":[39],"(BVP)":[40],"signal.":[41],"The":[42,64],"digital":[43,48],"output":[44],"data":[45],"then":[46],"feed":[47],"logic":[49],"circuits":[50],"that":[51],"simple":[53],"operations":[54],"achieve":[56],"an":[57],"accurate":[58],"measurement":[59],"rate.":[63],"resulting":[65],"mostly":[68],"scalable,":[69],"consumes":[70],"nWs":[71],"accuracy":[74],"performance":[75],"completely":[77],"independent":[78],"from":[79],"VCO":[81],"non":[82],"linearity.":[83],"proposal":[85],"has":[86],"been":[87],"designed":[88],"using":[89],"65":[91],"nm":[92],"CMOS":[93],"node":[94],"leading":[95],"consumption":[99],"only":[101],"108":[102],"nW":[103],"rate":[107],"error":[108],"less":[109],"than":[110],"1":[111],"bpm.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
