{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2107253887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/policy.2004.1309165","title":"Unification in privacy policy evaluation - translating EPAL into Prolog","display_name":"Unification in privacy policy evaluation - translating EPAL into Prolog","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2107253887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/policy.2004.1309165","mag":"2107253887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/policy.2004.1309165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/policy.2004.1309165","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. Fifth IEEE International Workshop on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks, 2004. POLICY 2004.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004014878","display_name":"Michael Backes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9326-6400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126328","display_name":"IBM Research - Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02js37d36","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210126328"]}],"countries":["CH","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Backes","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research, Switzerland","IBM Research-Zurich, Switzerland#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126328"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research-Zurich, Switzerland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110236021","display_name":"Markus D\u00fcrmuth","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119349","display_name":"Karlsruhe University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/01t1kq612","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119349"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Durmuth","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Karlsruhe, Germany","university of Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119349"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"university of Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119349"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019783568","display_name":"G. Karjot","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Karjot","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004014878"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210126328"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6421,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94911182,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"185","last_page":"188"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10927","display_name":"Access Control and Trust","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10927","display_name":"Access Control and Trust","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8078134059906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unification","display_name":"Unification","score":0.7765228152275085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prolog","display_name":"Prolog","score":0.7418482303619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-policy","display_name":"Privacy policy","score":0.4873286187648773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.48342740535736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.46750888228416443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.4514845013618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authorization","display_name":"Authorization","score":0.4485255777835846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4404309391975403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.4398347735404968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.41703081130981445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10324239730834961}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8078134059906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96146094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609057","display_name":"Unification","level":2,"score":0.7765228152275085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81721847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163468","display_name":"Prolog","level":2,"score":0.7418482303619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102938260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1999831","display_name":"Privacy policy","level":3,"score":0.4873286187648773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.48342740535736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.46750888228416443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.4514845013618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108759981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788590","display_name":"Authorization","level":2,"score":0.4485255777835846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4404309391975403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.4398347735404968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.41703081130981445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10324239730834961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/policy.2004.1309165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/policy.2004.1309165","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. Fifth IEEE International Workshop on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks, 2004. POLICY 2004.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546711980","https://openalex.org/W1568555283","https://openalex.org/W1948417575","https://openalex.org/W2108604514","https://openalex.org/W2135600671","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6634174013","https://openalex.org/W6680105700"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2367630557","https://openalex.org/W101666983","https://openalex.org/W2183792531","https://openalex.org/W2595286499","https://openalex.org/W3126131865","https://openalex.org/W2794344379","https://openalex.org/W2489197555","https://openalex.org/W2392892093","https://openalex.org/W1516362967","https://openalex.org/W2173925774"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Privacy":[0,84],"policy":[1],"evaluation":[2],"engines":[3],"enable":[4,44],"queries":[5,45,99],"whether":[6],"a":[7,17,60],"specific":[8,14,18],"user":[9,57],"is":[10],"allowed":[11],"to":[12,35,43],"access":[13],"data":[15,47],"for":[16,22,81,100],"purpose.":[19],"While":[20],"tools":[21],"authoring,":[23],"maintaining,":[24],"and":[25],"auditing":[26],"privacy":[27,73,101],"policies":[28,74,102],"already":[29],"exist,":[30],"no":[31],"tool":[32],"exists":[33],"yet":[34],"deal":[36],"with":[37],"unification":[38,91],"within":[39],"such":[40],"policies,":[41],"e.g.,":[42],"if":[46],"might":[48],"be":[49,68],"modified":[50],"by":[51,70],"some":[52],"user,":[53],"or":[54],"how":[55,65],"many":[56],"entries":[58],"satisfy":[59],"certain":[61],"constraint.":[62],"We":[63,77],"show":[64,78],"this":[66,79],"can":[67],"achieved":[69],"embedding":[71],"enterprise":[72],"into":[75],"Prolog.":[76],"concretely":[80],"IBM's":[82],"Enterprise":[83],"Authorization":[85],"Language":[86],"(EPAL).":[87],"Based":[88],"on":[89],"the":[90],"mechanisms":[92],"of":[93],"Prolog,":[94],"our":[95],"work":[96],"enables":[97],"general":[98],"as":[103,105],"well":[104],"quantitative":[106],"measurements.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}