{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417282227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275193","title":"A Cooperative Framework for Enhanced Direct-to-Satellite Connectivity","display_name":"A Cooperative Framework for Enhanced Direct-to-Satellite Connectivity","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417282227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275193"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275193","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275193","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 36th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004982426","display_name":"M.H. Khairallah Al Emara","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa Emara","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey,Institute for Communication Systems (ICS),UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey,Institute for Communication Systems (ICS),UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049632490","display_name":"Ahmed Elzanaty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8854-8369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Elzanaty","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey,Institute for Communication Systems (ICS),UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey,Institute for Communication Systems (ICS),UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033586936","display_name":"Fatma Benkhelifa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1820-4207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatma Benkhelifa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queen Mary University of London,London,UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen Mary University of London,London,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032549075","display_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-8639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey,Institute for Communication Systems (ICS),UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey,Institute for Communication Systems (ICS),UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9799000024795532,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9799000024795532,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12449","display_name":"Spacecraft Design and Technology","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-geometry","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","score":0.5922999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5902000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5706999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coverage-probability","display_name":"Coverage probability","score":0.46389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.4634000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.44519999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.4108000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poisson-point-process","display_name":"Poisson point process","score":0.37720000743865967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7218000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31243852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666739","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","level":2,"score":0.5922999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5902000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5706999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776292839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179217","display_name":"Coverage probability","level":3,"score":0.46389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.4634000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.45080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.44519999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.4108000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16757284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145117","display_name":"Poisson point process","level":3,"score":0.37720000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.36169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.3546000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.3465000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.33719998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100906024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205692","display_name":"Poisson distribution","level":2,"score":0.3163999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96608239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199823","display_name":"Statistical power","level":2,"score":0.31619998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.30489999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75613536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4138870","display_name":"Signal-to-interference ratio","level":3,"score":0.30390000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.2980000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2955000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88871306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208287","display_name":"Point process","level":2,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.2538999915122986}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275193","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275193","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 36th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039688938","https://openalex.org/W2898513341","https://openalex.org/W2941952695","https://openalex.org/W3022612213","https://openalex.org/W3023458242","https://openalex.org/W3080384846","https://openalex.org/W3089706104","https://openalex.org/W3188465966","https://openalex.org/W4223568641","https://openalex.org/W4312312028","https://openalex.org/W4312971400","https://openalex.org/W4386495203","https://openalex.org/W4387272249","https://openalex.org/W4388040448","https://openalex.org/W4392607837","https://openalex.org/W4395028049","https://openalex.org/W4398226348","https://openalex.org/W4400266736","https://openalex.org/W4401210818","https://openalex.org/W4401879495","https://openalex.org/W7084039192"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Low":[0],"Earth":[1],"orbit":[2],"(LEO)":[3],"satellite":[4,72,171],"networks":[5],"have":[6],"become":[7],"pivotal":[8],"in":[9,20,146],"modern":[10],"communication":[11,34],"systems,":[12],"offering":[13,163],"ubiquitous":[14],"connectivity":[15],"for":[16,123,167],"direct-to-satellite":[17],"(DtS)":[18],"service":[19],"remote":[21],"and":[22,51,78,87,129],"underserved":[23],"regions.":[24],"To":[25,55],"overcome":[26],"the":[27,67,76,105,111,119,124,150],"limited":[28],"power":[29],"of":[30,69,97,152,160],"handheld":[31],"devices,":[32],"cooperative":[33,71,169],"offers":[35],"an":[36,157],"opportunity":[37],"to":[38,48,65],"enhance":[39],"connectivity,":[40],"e.g.,":[41],"coverage":[42,120,147],"probability,":[43,121],"by":[44,93],"leveraging":[45],"multiple":[46],"satellites":[47,77,107],"mitigate":[49],"interference":[50,130],"improve":[52],"signal":[53],"quality.":[54],"this":[56,58],"end,":[57],"paper":[59],"proposes":[60],"a":[61,89,143],"stochastic":[62],"geometry-based":[63],"framework":[64],"analyze":[66],"performance":[68],"large-scale":[70],"networks.":[73,172],"We":[74,117],"model":[75],"interfering":[79],"ground":[80],"users":[81],"as":[82],"Poisson":[83],"Point":[84],"Processes":[85],"(PPPs)":[86],"consider":[88],"typical":[90],"user":[91],"served":[92],"its":[94],"closest":[95],"subset":[96],"visible":[98],"satellites.":[99],"The":[100],"received":[101],"uplink":[102],"signals":[103],"at":[104,156],"serving":[106,127],"are":[108],"combined":[109],"using":[110],"maximum":[112],"ratio":[113],"combining":[114],"(MRC)":[115],"technique.":[116],"derive":[118],"accounting":[122],"correlation":[125],"among":[126],"distances":[128],"from":[131],"neighboring":[132],"devices.":[133],"Our":[134],"analytical":[135],"results,":[136],"validated":[137],"via":[138],"Monte":[139],"Carlo":[140],"simulations,":[141],"demonstrate":[142],"33%":[144],"increase":[145],"probability":[148],"when":[149],"number":[151],"cooperating":[153],"devices":[154],"doubles":[155],"SINR":[158],"threshold":[159],"-10":[161],"dB,":[162],"key":[164],"design":[165],"insights":[166],"optimizing":[168],"LEO":[170]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-12-12T00:00:00"}
