{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417284562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275139","title":"ConFi: A Confidence-Aware Framework for Ultra-Precise Indoor Localization in 6G Networks Using UAV-Assisted Wi-Fi Fingerprints","display_name":"ConFi: A Confidence-Aware Framework for Ultra-Precise Indoor Localization in 6G Networks Using UAV-Assisted Wi-Fi Fingerprints","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417284562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275139"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275139","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275139","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 36th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015587900","display_name":"M. Nirmala Devi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131147","display_name":"SRM University","ror":"https://ror.org/037skf023","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018","https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Meka Naga Nandini Devi","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRMAP University,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRMAP University,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116479351","display_name":"Ch Madhu Bhushan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131147","display_name":"SRM University","ror":"https://ror.org/037skf023","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018","https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ch Madhu Bhushan","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRMAP University,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRMAP University,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101473779","display_name":"Sudhir Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5215-8625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131147","display_name":"SRM University","ror":"https://ror.org/037skf023","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018","https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siripalli Hemanth Durga Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRMAP University,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRMAP University,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116439444","display_name":"Firoj Gazi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131147","display_name":"SRM University","ror":"https://ror.org/037skf023","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018","https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Firoj Gazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRMAP University,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRMAP University,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051019325","display_name":"Md. Muzakkir Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6371-2545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131147","display_name":"SRM University","ror":"https://ror.org/037skf023","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018","https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Muzakkir Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRMAP University,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRMAP University,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056623487","display_name":"Aswani Devi Aguru","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131147","display_name":"SRM University","ror":"https://ror.org/037skf023","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018","https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aguru Aswani Devi","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRMAP University,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRMAP University,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131147"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015587900"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131147"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43148028,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9336000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9336000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.0210999995470047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.006899999920278788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7314000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5472000241279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.42719998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.35260000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.351500004529953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7746000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7314000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5641999840736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5472000241279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.44040000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.42719998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.35260000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.351500004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.3018999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.28450000286102295}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275139","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275139","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 36th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1612997784","https://openalex.org/W2552265749","https://openalex.org/W2883171824","https://openalex.org/W3091160449","https://openalex.org/W3119526483","https://openalex.org/W4221155501","https://openalex.org/W4309721259","https://openalex.org/W4312989694","https://openalex.org/W4367728533","https://openalex.org/W4376604818","https://openalex.org/W4387813120","https://openalex.org/W4388484753","https://openalex.org/W4389105322"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Indoor":[0],"localization":[1,148],"is":[2,15,76,91,127,149],"essential":[3],"for":[4,85,129],"various":[5],"modern":[6],"applications,":[7],"particularly":[8],"in":[9,57,132],"environments":[10,135],"where":[11,143],"traditional":[12,118],"GPS-based":[13],"positioning":[14,55],"unreliable.":[16],"This":[17],"paper":[18],"introduces":[19],"the":[20,42,94,101,104],"ConFi":[21,49,110,125],"framework,":[22],"a":[23,79,112],"confidence-aware":[24],"system":[25,62,95],"that":[26,109],"combines":[27],"UAV-assisted":[28],"Wi-Fi":[29,67],"fingerprinting":[30],"with":[31,66],"machine":[32],"learning":[33,90],"models":[34,119],"to":[35,69,96],"achieve":[36],"ultra-precise":[37],"indoor":[38,134,147],"localization.":[39],"By":[40],"leveraging":[41],"high-speed,":[43],"low-latency":[44],"capabilities":[45],"of":[46,103,115],"6G":[47],"networks,":[48],"ensures":[50],"real-time,":[51],"scalable,":[52],"and":[53,122,140,145],"adaptive":[54],"even":[56],"highly":[58],"dynamic":[59],"environments.":[60],"The":[61,124],"utilizes":[63],"UAVs":[64],"equipped":[65],"modules":[68],"dynamically":[70],"collect":[71],"accurate":[72],"signal":[73],"data,":[74],"which":[75],"processed":[77],"through":[78],"convolutional":[80],"neural":[81],"network":[82],"(CNN)":[83],"optimized":[84],"local":[86],"environmental":[87],"variations.":[88],"Reinforcement":[89],"integrated":[92],"into":[93],"enable":[97],"continuous":[98],"adaptation,":[99],"enhancing":[100],"robustness":[102],"framework.":[105],"Experimental":[106],"results":[107],"show":[108],"achieves":[111],"test":[113],"accuracy":[114],"92%,":[116],"outperforming":[117],"like":[120],"LSTM":[121],"LoRaWAN.":[123],"framework":[126],"suitable":[128],"real-world":[130],"applications":[131],"complex":[133],"such":[136],"as":[137],"hospitals,":[138],"airports,":[139],"multi-storey":[141],"buildings,":[142],"precise":[144],"reliable":[146],"required.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-12-12T00:00:00"}
