{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417282107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275049","title":"Mobility Enhancements in 3GPP: Toward Rel-20 and Beyond","display_name":"Mobility Enhancements in 3GPP: Toward Rel-20 and Beyond","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417282107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275049"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275049","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 36th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002307704","display_name":"Evren Tuna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6551-6460"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140420","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Lac Tanganyika","ror":"https://ror.org/03nmehh68","country_code":"BI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140420"]}],"countries":["BI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Evren Tuna","raw_affiliation_strings":["ULAK Communications Inc.,UL6B: ULAK 6G and Beyond Communication Technologies Laboratory,Department of Research and Development,Ankara,Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ULAK Communications Inc.,UL6B: ULAK 6G and Beyond Communication Technologies Laboratory,Department of Research and Development,Ankara,Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140420"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042621017","display_name":"Aydanur Kayalar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140420","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Lac Tanganyika","ror":"https://ror.org/03nmehh68","country_code":"BI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140420"]}],"countries":["BI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aydanur Kayalar","raw_affiliation_strings":["ULAK Communications Inc.,UL6B: ULAK 6G and Beyond Communication Technologies Laboratory,Department of Research and Development,Ankara,Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ULAK Communications Inc.,UL6B: ULAK 6G and Beyond Communication Technologies Laboratory,Department of Research and Development,Ankara,Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140420"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120787351","display_name":"Murat Faruk Aydin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140420","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Lac Tanganyika","ror":"https://ror.org/03nmehh68","country_code":"BI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140420"]}],"countries":["BI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murat Faruk Aydin","raw_affiliation_strings":["ULAK Communications Inc.,UL6B: ULAK 6G and Beyond Communication Technologies Laboratory,Department of Research and Development,Ankara,Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ULAK Communications Inc.,UL6B: ULAK 6G and Beyond Communication Technologies Laboratory,Department of Research and Development,Ankara,Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140420"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042730077","display_name":"H\u00fcseyin Arslan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9474-7372"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125470973","display_name":"Istanbul Medipol University","ror":"https://ror.org/037jwzz50","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125470973"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huseyin Arslan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istanbul Medipol University,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istanbul Medipol University,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125470973"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002307704"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140420"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.39323385,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.7924000024795532,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.7924000024795532,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.03370000049471855,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.016899999231100082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handover","display_name":"Handover","score":0.823199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.7728000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobility-management","display_name":"Mobility management","score":0.638700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5515999794006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.42410001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","score":0.3747999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.3702000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobility-model","display_name":"Mobility model","score":0.320499986410141}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111852164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414679","display_name":"Handover","level":2,"score":0.823199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.7728000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778555145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4476379","display_name":"Mobility management","level":2,"score":0.638700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5950999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5515999794006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.42410001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.3747999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.3702000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3449000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.335099995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191485582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887309","display_name":"Mobility model","level":2,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194498986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q680016","display_name":"Roaming","level":2,"score":0.31290000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46637626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693015","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","level":2,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780616401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133673","display_name":"Cornerstone","level":2,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65714651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662626","display_name":"Multihoming","level":4,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.2703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778863105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922836","display_name":"Vertical handover","level":5,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113950482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133973","display_name":"WiMAX","level":3,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.25529998540878296}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11275049","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 36th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337504","display_name":"Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4323646048","https://openalex.org/W4381616444","https://openalex.org/W4402040328","https://openalex.org/W4403917826","https://openalex.org/W4404056811","https://openalex.org/W4405975116"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mobility":[0],"management":[1,33],"remains":[2],"a":[3,51],"cornerstone":[4],"of":[5,23,54],"network":[6,18],"evolution,":[7],"yet":[8],"ever-tighter":[9],"latency":[10],"and":[11,16,27,41,62,71,80,92,106,128,141,146,167],"reliability":[12],"targets,":[13],"heterogeneous":[14],"deployments,":[15],"AI-driven":[17],"intelligence":[19],"demand":[20],"continual":[21],"refinement":[22],"handover":[24,87,121],"mechanisms.":[25],"Tracking":[26],"understanding":[28],"recent":[29,94],"developments":[30],"in":[31,101],"mobility":[32,56,139,143],"is":[34],"essential":[35],"to":[36,118,124],"support":[37],"the":[38,66,93],"integrated,":[39],"intelligent,":[40],"ubiquitous":[42],"connectivity":[43],"envisioned":[44],"for":[45,69,170],"6G":[46,73,151],"networks.":[47,74],"This":[48],"paper":[49,133],"delivers":[50],"3GPP-centric":[52],"review":[53],"progressive":[55],"enhancements":[57,140],"from":[58,150],"Rel-15":[59],"through":[60],"Rel-20":[61,135],"offers":[63],"insight":[64],"into":[65],"emerging":[67],"roadmap":[68],"5G-Advanced":[70],"early":[72],"After":[75],"summarizing":[76],"baseline":[77],"measurement":[78],"procedures":[79],"event-triggered":[81],"reporting,":[82],"we":[83],"analyze":[84],"three":[85],"principal":[86],"paradigms\u2014Baseline":[88],"Handover,":[89,91],"Conditional":[90],"Lower-Layer":[95],"Triggered":[96],"Mobility\u2014highlighting":[97],"their":[98],"respective":[99],"trade-offs":[100],"signaling":[102],"overhead,":[103],"interruption":[104],"time,":[105],"robustness.":[107],"We":[108],"then":[109],"examine":[110],"how":[111],"AI/ML":[112],"techniques":[113],"are":[114],"positioned":[115],"within":[116],"3GPP":[117,157],"predict":[119],"optimal":[120],"parameters,":[122],"adapt":[123],"dynamic":[125],"radio":[126],"conditions,":[127],"reduce":[129],"failure":[130],"rates.":[131],"The":[132],"synthesizes":[134],"hot":[136],"topics,":[137],"including":[138],"AI/ML-based":[142],"use":[144],"cases,":[145],"distills":[147],"key":[148,165],"contributions":[149],"standardization":[152,172],"meetings.":[153],"By":[154],"aligning":[155],"ongoing":[156],"efforts":[158],"with":[159],"performance":[160],"goals,":[161],"this":[162],"work":[163],"highlights":[164],"challenges":[166],"outlines":[168],"directions":[169],"future":[171],"beyond":[173],"Rel-20.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-12-12T00:00:00"}