{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417282858","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11274940","title":"Enhancing Sustainability in HAPS-Assisted 6G Networks: Load Estimation Aware Cell Switching","display_name":"Enhancing Sustainability in HAPS-Assisted 6G Networks: Load Estimation Aware Cell Switching","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417282858","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11274940"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11274940","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11274940","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 36th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.14728","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093527760","display_name":"Maryam Salamatmoghadasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6142-3813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maryam Salamatmoghadasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Non-Terrestrial Networks Lab,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada,K1S5B6"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Non-Terrestrial Networks Lab,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada,K1S5B6","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014207102","display_name":"Metin \u00d6zt\u00fcrk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8665-5291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150808","display_name":"Ankara Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Beyaz\u0131t University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ryemn72","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150808"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Metin Ozturk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University,Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Ankara,Turkiye,06010"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University,Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Ankara,Turkiye,06010","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150808"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035446029","display_name":"Halim Yan\u0131k\u00f6mero\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4776-9354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Halim Yanikomeroglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Non-Terrestrial Networks Lab,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada,K1S5B6"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Non-Terrestrial Networks Lab,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada,K1S5B6","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5093527760"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44317372,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.30070000886917114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.30070000886917114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.13109999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13918","display_name":"Advanced Data and IoT Technologies","score":0.07339999824762344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5914999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.5393999814987183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.47839999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.4212000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.36010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macro","display_name":"Macro","score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.30329999327659607}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5914999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.5393999814987183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.47839999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.426800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.4212000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.36010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32910001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166955791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629579","display_name":"Macro","level":2,"score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.30329999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138959212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806783","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","level":3,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.28679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203332170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6334079","display_name":"Multivariate interpolation","level":3,"score":0.2831999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.25760000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150060386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574054","display_name":"Spatial correlation","level":2,"score":0.2540999948978424}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11274940","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc62392.2025.11274940","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 36th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2507.14728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14728","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.14728","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2507.14728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14728","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.14728","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"introduces":[2],"and":[3,82,133,147,176,186],"addresses":[4],"the":[5,29,184],"critical":[6],"challenge":[7],"of":[8,22,31,55],"traffic":[9,33,56,76],"load":[10,34,135],"estimation":[11,136,181],"in":[12,41,72],"cell":[13,23],"switching":[14,24,96],"within":[15],"vertical":[16],"heterogeneous":[17],"networks":[18],"(vHetNets).":[19],"The":[20],"effectiveness":[21],"is":[25,60,114],"significantly":[26,179],"limited":[27],"by":[28,105],"lack":[30],"accurate":[32],"data":[35],"for":[36,167],"small":[37],"base":[38,126],"stations":[39],"(SBSs)":[40],"sleep":[42,73],"mode,":[43,74],"making":[44],"many":[45],"load-dependent":[46],"energy-saving":[47],"approaches":[48,188],"impractical,":[49],"as":[50,122],"they":[51],"assume":[52],"perfect":[53],"knowledge":[54],"loads\u2014an":[57],"assumption":[58],"that":[59,173],"unrealistic":[61],"when":[62,69],"SBSs":[63,70],"are":[64,71],"inactive.":[65],"In":[66],"other":[67],"words,":[68],"their":[75],"loads":[77],"cannot":[78],"be":[79,85],"directly":[80],"known":[81],"can":[83],"only":[84],"estimated,":[86],"inevitably":[87],"with":[88,183],"corresponding":[89],"errors.":[90],"Rather":[91],"than":[92],"proposing":[93],"a":[94,117,123,151,164],"new":[95],"algorithm,":[97],"we":[98],"focus":[99],"on":[100,157],"eliminating":[101],"this":[102],"foundational":[103],"barrier":[104],"exploring":[106],"effective":[107],"prediction":[108],"techniques.":[109],"A":[110],"novel":[111],"vHetNet":[112],"model":[113],"considered,":[115],"integrating":[116],"high-altitude":[118],"platform":[119],"station":[120,127],"(HAPS)":[121],"super":[124],"macro":[125],"(SMBS).":[128],"We":[129],"investigate":[130],"both":[131,174],"spatial":[132,140,175],"temporal":[134,152,177],"approaches,":[137],"including":[138],"three":[139],"interpolation":[141],"schemes\u2014random":[142],"neighboring":[143],"selection,":[144,146],"distance-based":[145],"multi-level":[148],"clustering":[149],"(MLC)\u2014alongside":[150],"deep":[153],"learning":[154],"method":[155],"based":[156],"long":[158],"short-term":[159],"memory":[160],"(LSTM)":[161],"networks.":[162],"Using":[163],"real-world":[165],"dataset":[166],"empirical":[168],"validation,":[169],"our":[170],"results":[171],"show":[172],"methods":[178],"improve":[180],"accuracy,":[182],"MLC":[185],"LSTM":[187],"demonstrating":[189],"particularly":[190],"strong":[191],"performance.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-03T22:45:19.894376","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
