{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3211178602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569729","title":"Impact of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface size on beamforming efficiency","display_name":"Impact of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface size on beamforming efficiency","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3211178602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569729","mag":"3211178602"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569729","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569729","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044183081","display_name":"Giorgos Stratidakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1064-9164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154757721","display_name":"University of Piraeus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qs84g94","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Giorgos Stratidakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064707442","display_name":"Sotiris Droulias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2404-2649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154757721","display_name":"University of Piraeus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qs84g94","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sotiris Droulias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002622550","display_name":"Angeliki Alexiou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9036-0306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154757721","display_name":"University of Piraeus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qs84g94","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angeliki Alexiou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044183081"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5014,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64631722,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamwidth","display_name":"Beamwidth","score":0.9664365649223328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8848170638084412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.8831430673599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6256436109542847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-budget","display_name":"Power budget","score":0.5804493427276611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5529826879501343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5490836501121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5456302165985107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5421162843704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.44885867834091187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.324105441570282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.29314911365509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.20902186632156372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19184964895248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14163640141487122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-control","display_name":"Power control","score":0.13628888130187988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.1281016767024994}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190060920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876232","display_name":"Beamwidth","level":3,"score":0.9664365649223328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8848170638084412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.8831430673599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6256436109542847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149768029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509342","display_name":"Power budget","level":4,"score":0.5804493427276611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5529826879501343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5490836501121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5456302165985107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5421162843704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.44885867834091187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.324105441570282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.29314911365509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.20902186632156372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19184964895248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14163640141487122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56685638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300474","display_name":"Power control","level":3,"score":0.13628888130187988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.1281016767024994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569729","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569729","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057605239","https://openalex.org/W2962716476","https://openalex.org/W2962909429","https://openalex.org/W2963355537","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2984937369","https://openalex.org/W2996313530","https://openalex.org/W3023118883","https://openalex.org/W3036886449","https://openalex.org/W3088768990","https://openalex.org/W3094627637","https://openalex.org/W3097241762","https://openalex.org/W3104300639","https://openalex.org/W3120245831","https://openalex.org/W3144970863"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391345524","https://openalex.org/W4318350280","https://openalex.org/W59120657","https://openalex.org/W3087844490","https://openalex.org/W3090699061","https://openalex.org/W4387546583","https://openalex.org/W3091795725","https://openalex.org/W2325128397","https://openalex.org/W1531121096","https://openalex.org/W2139615693"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Future":[0],"wireless":[1],"networks":[2],"are":[3,61],"expected":[4],"to":[5,23,31,41,58,99],"be":[6],"highly":[7],"assisted":[8],"by":[9],"reconfigurable":[10],"intelligent":[11],"surfaces":[12],"(RIS)":[13],"in":[14,39],"non-line-of-sight":[15],"links.":[16],"The":[17],"role":[18],"of":[19,119],"the":[20,25,29,32,43,47,51,62,66,75,90,94,104,117,120,124],"RIS":[21,95,121],"is":[22,56,86],"redirect":[24],"incident":[26],"beam":[27],"from":[28],"transmitter":[30,91],"receiver":[33,48],"and":[34,49,69,93],"possibly":[35],"modify":[36],"its":[37],"characteristics,":[38],"order":[40],"maximize":[42],"signal":[44,126],"power":[45,68,102],"at":[46,103],"optimize":[50],"beamforming":[52],"efficiency.":[53],"Therefore,":[54],"it":[55],"crucial":[57],"understand":[59],"what":[60],"bounds":[63,72],"imposed":[64],"on":[65,74,116,123],"received":[67,125],"how":[70],"these":[71],"depend":[73],"system":[76],"design":[77],"parameters.":[78],"In":[79],"this":[80],"paper":[81],"we":[82],"show":[83],"that":[84,97,113],"there":[85],"an":[87],"interplay":[88],"between":[89],"beamwidth":[92],"size":[96,122],"leads":[98],"a":[100],"maximum":[101],"receiver.":[105],"We":[106],"demonstrate":[107],"our":[108],"findings":[109],"with":[110],"numerical":[111],"examples":[112],"provide":[114],"insight":[115],"effect":[118],"power.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}