{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3166380613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569600","title":"Jamming Detection with Subcarrier Blanking for 5G and Beyond in Industry 4.0 Scenarios","display_name":"Jamming Detection with Subcarrier Blanking for 5G and Beyond in Industry 4.0 Scenarios","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3166380613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569600","mag":"3166380613"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569600","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.07970","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054431506","display_name":"Leonardo Chiarello","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonardo Chiarello","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Padova,Department of Information Engineering,Italy","[University of Padova,Department of Information Engineering,Italy]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Padova,Department of Information Engineering,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Padova,Department of Information Engineering,Italy]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085438060","display_name":"Paolo Baracca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-3594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159457","display_name":"Nokia (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nh5td39","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Baracca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs,Stuttgart,Germany","Nokia Bell Labs, Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs,Stuttgart,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035255472","display_name":"Karthik Upadhya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2274-0101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738502077","display_name":"Nokia (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04pkc8m17","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karthik Upadhya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs,Espoo,Finland","Nokia Bell Laboratories, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs,Espoo,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Laboratories, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077464725","display_name":"Saeed R. Khosravirad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3087-4142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saeed R. Khosravirad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs,Murray Hill,USA","[Nokia-Bell Labs, Murray Hill, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs,Murray Hill,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Nokia-Bell Labs, Murray Hill, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028596410","display_name":"Thorsten Wild","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7545-7289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159457","display_name":"Nokia (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nh5td39","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thorsten Wild","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs,Stuttgart,Germany","Nokia Bell Labs, Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs,Stuttgart,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8138,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62213225,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"758","last_page":"764"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jamming","display_name":"Jamming","score":0.7251505255699158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subcarrier","display_name":"Subcarrier","score":0.668448805809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6368005275726318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.604535698890686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-error-rate","display_name":"Block Error Rate","score":0.5606764554977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.5076521635055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3365825414657593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.2678152918815613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.11901909112930298}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779079576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092823","display_name":"Jamming","level":2,"score":0.7251505255699158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198329298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586358","display_name":"Subcarrier","level":4,"score":0.668448805809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6368005275726318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.604535698890686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776639698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927140","display_name":"Block Error Rate","level":3,"score":0.5606764554977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.5076521635055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3365825414657593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.2678152918815613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.11901909112930298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569600","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2106.07970","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2106.07970","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.07970","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3166380613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.07970.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2106.07970","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.07970","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2106.07970","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2106.07970","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.07970","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3166380613.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3166380613.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965392255","https://openalex.org/W2000500834","https://openalex.org/W2065027519","https://openalex.org/W2086174184","https://openalex.org/W2122285088","https://openalex.org/W2145850537","https://openalex.org/W2262889796","https://openalex.org/W2592369071","https://openalex.org/W2917938283","https://openalex.org/W2970101864","https://openalex.org/W3011067038","https://openalex.org/W3121047872","https://openalex.org/W6788720804"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3209987567","https://openalex.org/W1928029598","https://openalex.org/W2896161040","https://openalex.org/W2160248053","https://openalex.org/W3205594872","https://openalex.org/W3176987855","https://openalex.org/W2767635435","https://openalex.org/W2767131891","https://openalex.org/W2317721011","https://openalex.org/W2102129948","https://openalex.org/W2143061256","https://openalex.org/W1966892734","https://openalex.org/W2460419881","https://openalex.org/W2559713139","https://openalex.org/W74915825","https://openalex.org/W2995466628","https://openalex.org/W2900961289","https://openalex.org/W2981502647","https://openalex.org/W2808354485","https://openalex.org/W2056833071"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Security":[0],"attacks":[1],"at":[2],"the":[3,7,21,30,63,75,78,90],"physical":[4],"layer,":[5],"in":[6,20,35],"form":[8],"of":[9,14,32,48,77,89,104],"radio":[10],"jamming":[11,33],"for":[12],"denial":[13],"service,":[15],"are":[16],"an":[17],"increasing":[18],"threat":[19],"Industry":[22],"4.0":[23],"scenarios.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26],"paper,":[27],"we":[28],"consider":[29],"problem":[31],"detection":[34,130],"5G-and-beyond":[36],"communication":[37],"systems":[38],"and":[39,106,133,138,144],"propose":[40],"a":[41,59,82,121],"defense":[42],"mechanism":[43],"based":[44],"on":[45,69],"pseudo-random":[46],"blanking":[47],"subcarriers":[49],"with":[50,99,112,136,149],"orthogonal":[51],"frequency":[52],"division":[53],"multiplexing":[54],"(OFDM).":[55],"We":[56,72],"then":[57],"design":[58],"detector":[60],"by":[61],"applying":[62],"generalized":[64],"likelihood":[65],"ratio":[66],"test":[67],"(GLRT)":[68],"those":[70],"subcarriers.":[71],"finally":[73],"evaluate":[74],"performance":[76,147],"proposed":[79],"technique":[80],"against":[81],"smart":[83,122],"jammer,":[84],"which":[85],"is":[86],"pursuing":[87],"one":[88],"following":[91],"objectives:":[92],"maximize":[93,107],"stealthiness,":[94],"minimize":[95],"spectral":[96],"efficiency":[97],"(SE)":[98],"mobile":[100],"broadband":[101],"(MBB)":[102],"type":[103],"traffic,":[105],"block":[108],"error":[109],"rate":[110],"(BLER)":[111],"ultra-reliable":[113],"low-latency":[114],"communications":[115],"(URLLC).":[116],"Numerical":[117],"results":[118],"show":[119],"that":[120],"jammer":[123],"a)":[124],"needs":[125],"to":[126],"compromise":[127],"between":[128],"missed":[129],"(MD)":[131],"probability":[132],"SE":[134],"reduction":[135],"MBB":[137],"b)":[139],"can":[140],"achieve":[141],"low":[142],"detectability":[143],"high":[145,156],"system":[146],"degradation":[148],"URLLC":[150],"only":[151],"if":[152],"it":[153],"has":[154],"sufficiently":[155],"power.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}