{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3211180189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569480","title":"High Precision Positioning using Multi-cell Massive MIMO system for 5G and beyond","display_name":"High Precision Positioning using Multi-cell Massive MIMO system for 5G and beyond","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3211180189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569480","mag":"3211180189"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569480","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569480","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058580628","display_name":"Vikram Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4283-011X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vikram Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence in Wireless Technology (CEWiT), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Wireless Technology (CEWiT), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007146419","display_name":"Abhijeet Abhimanyu Masal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhijeet Abhimanyu Masal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence in Wireless Technology (CEWiT), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Wireless Technology (CEWiT), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056358538","display_name":"J. Klutto Milleth","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Klutto Milleth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence in Wireless Technology (CEWiT), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras)","Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Wireless Technology (CEWiT), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002088171","display_name":"Bhaskar Ramamurthi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-8280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24676775","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","ror":"https://ror.org/03v0r5n49","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhaskar Ramamurthi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence in Wireless Technology (CEWiT), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras)","Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Wireless Technology (CEWiT), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24676775"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.221,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76346872,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1234","last_page":"1240"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilateration","display_name":"Multilateration","score":0.8357970714569092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7668165564537048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-equipment","display_name":"User equipment","score":0.7001809477806091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6446096897125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5834766626358032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5631900429725647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.525469183921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5250908136367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-of-arrival","display_name":"Time of arrival","score":0.5033373236656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.46981173753738403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.4385576546192169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.43226349353790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angle-of-arrival","display_name":"Angle of arrival","score":0.4134100675582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4127092957496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3922402262687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.22062784433364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18839308619499207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.14017227292060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09002560377120972}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104037064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640884","display_name":"Multilateration","level":3,"score":0.8357970714569092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7668165564537048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781327853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552547","display_name":"User equipment","level":3,"score":0.7001809477806091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6446096897125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5834766626358032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5631900429725647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.525469183921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5250908136367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163150518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4135208","display_name":"Time of arrival","level":3,"score":0.5033373236656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46981173753738403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.4385576546192169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.43226349353790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13545353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4763363","display_name":"Angle of arrival","level":3,"score":0.4134100675582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4127092957496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3922402262687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.22062784433364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18839308619499207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.14017227292060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09002560377120972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569480","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569480","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595252221","https://openalex.org/W2033332370","https://openalex.org/W2094655360","https://openalex.org/W2106926445","https://openalex.org/W2128131274","https://openalex.org/W2167114671","https://openalex.org/W2195693430","https://openalex.org/W2309512289","https://openalex.org/W2532502912","https://openalex.org/W2533272552","https://openalex.org/W2610335499","https://openalex.org/W2620692277","https://openalex.org/W2948083877","https://openalex.org/W2958534507","https://openalex.org/W2976377566","https://openalex.org/W3010264114","https://openalex.org/W3039748480","https://openalex.org/W3039778273","https://openalex.org/W3040211795","https://openalex.org/W6780247638"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2790388238","https://openalex.org/W2154770871","https://openalex.org/W4205492756","https://openalex.org/W2155086510","https://openalex.org/W2497744028","https://openalex.org/W2156792236","https://openalex.org/W3020479979","https://openalex.org/W2356647238","https://openalex.org/W2599395959","https://openalex.org/W2442069004"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,54,105,140],"large":[1,138],"number":[2],"of":[3,61,69,84,96,150],"antennas":[4],"at":[5],"the":[6,10,59,85,94,97,119,123,128,151,166],"base":[7],"stations":[8],"(BSs),":[9],"reference":[11],"signal":[12,70],"transmission":[13,176],"over":[14,118],"a":[15,38,43,82,112,174],"wide":[16],"bandwidth,":[17],"and":[18,32,89,122,134,172,177],"dense":[19],"network":[20],"deployment":[21],"can":[22],"be":[23],"used":[24],"to":[25,92],"achieve":[26],"unprecedented":[27],"position":[28,39,95],"accuracy":[29,117,147],"in":[30,51,115,153],"5G":[31],"beyond":[33],"networks.":[34,53],"This":[35],"work":[36],"proposes":[37],"estimation":[40,68],"method":[41,79,125,142],"using":[42,67,158],"full":[44],"dimension":[45],"massive":[46],"multiple-input":[47],"multiple-output":[48],"(MaMIMO)":[49],"system":[50],"cellular":[52],"user":[55],"equipment":[56],"(UE)":[57],"estimates":[58],"time":[60],"flight/arrival":[62],"(ToA)":[63],"from":[64],"multiple":[65],"BSs":[66],"parameters":[71],"via":[72],"rotational":[73],"invariant":[74],"technique":[75],"(ESPRIT).":[76],"A":[77],"novel":[78],"that":[80,109],"selects":[81],"subset":[83],"accurate":[86],"ToA":[87],"measurements":[88],"uses":[90],"it":[91,136],"estimate":[93],"target":[98],"UE":[99],"based":[100],"on":[101],"multilateration":[102],"is":[103,111],"proposed.":[104],"simulation":[106],"results":[107],"demonstrate":[108],"there":[110],"significant":[113],"improvement":[114],"positioning":[116,146],"conventional":[120],"methods,":[121],"proposed":[124,141],"closely":[126],"matches":[127],"genie-aided":[129],"algorithm":[130],"for":[131,137,148,169],"small":[132],"subsets,":[133],"outperforms":[135],"subsets.":[139],"achieves":[143],"20":[144],"cm":[145],"90%":[149],"UEs":[152],"indoor":[154],"factory":[155],"(InF)":[156],"scenarios":[157],"practical":[159],"3GPP":[160],"channel":[161],"models.":[162],"It":[163],"also":[164],"satisfies":[165],"ITU":[167],"requirement":[168],"Industry":[170],"4.0":[171],"requires":[173],"low":[175],"measurement":[178],"overhead.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
