{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3208608851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569471","title":"Secure Transmission Design Based on the Geographical Location of Eavesdropper","display_name":"Secure Transmission Design Based on the Geographical Location of Eavesdropper","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3208608851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569471","mag":"3208608851"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569471","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100440801","display_name":"Tao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9968-2993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017026695","display_name":"Yongzhao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2142-6652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongzhao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077149719","display_name":"Octavia A. Dobre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8528-0512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Octavia A. Dobre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University, St. John\u2019s, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University, St. John's, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University, St. John\u2019s, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University, St. John's, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.407,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50857642,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"726","last_page":"732"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-noise","display_name":"Artificial noise","score":0.8612668514251709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7941973209381104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rician-fading","display_name":"Rician fading","score":0.7176716327667236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.71036696434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.6708570122718811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-transmission","display_name":"Secure transmission","score":0.6620299816131592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.6283806562423706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5804614424705505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5243014097213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.4723342955112457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-communication","display_name":"Secure communication","score":0.4629460573196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.45935654640197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.45571234822273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.43224337697029114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.41966167092323303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.41881483793258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.37703564763069153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2931329011917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.2815985083580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.21947109699249268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1353835165500641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13008961081504822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.10122710466384888}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4801092","display_name":"Artificial noise","level":4,"score":0.8612668514251709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7941973209381104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60472773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331156","display_name":"Rician fading","level":4,"score":0.7176716327667236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.71036696434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.6708570122718811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779814227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444882","display_name":"Secure transmission","level":3,"score":0.6620299816131592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.6283806562423706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5804614424705505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5243014097213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.4723342955112457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510870077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444868","display_name":"Secure communication","level":3,"score":0.4629460573196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.45935654640197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.45571234822273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.43224337697029114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.41966167092323303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.41881483793258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.37703564763069153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2931329011917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2815985083580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.21947109699249268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1353835165500641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13008961081504822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.10122710466384888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569471","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1957358593","https://openalex.org/W1967219667","https://openalex.org/W2080693943","https://openalex.org/W2081035264","https://openalex.org/W2088441162","https://openalex.org/W2159562697","https://openalex.org/W2170589865","https://openalex.org/W2184413915","https://openalex.org/W2306757747","https://openalex.org/W2558778358","https://openalex.org/W2576157399","https://openalex.org/W2596892573","https://openalex.org/W2786427865","https://openalex.org/W2795967632","https://openalex.org/W2888382142","https://openalex.org/W2890006332","https://openalex.org/W2898104747","https://openalex.org/W2907656863","https://openalex.org/W2917520730","https://openalex.org/W2926982239","https://openalex.org/W2963912769","https://openalex.org/W2964113506","https://openalex.org/W3002920288","https://openalex.org/W3031308674","https://openalex.org/W3102076491","https://openalex.org/W3105108969","https://openalex.org/W3105289681"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390240227","https://openalex.org/W4237311310","https://openalex.org/W2290997318","https://openalex.org/W3036307543","https://openalex.org/W4256489728","https://openalex.org/W2953177019","https://openalex.org/W2059799853","https://openalex.org/W1512838724","https://openalex.org/W2729100477","https://openalex.org/W2799637313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"physical":[1],"layer":[2],"security,":[3],"the":[4,20,39,48,60,74,82,89,95,107,117,126],"geographical":[5,55],"secure":[6,49,90,108,118],"region":[7,50,109,119],"as":[8],"a":[9,65],"practical":[10],"security":[11],"metric":[12],"has":[13],"received":[14],"considerable":[15],"interest.":[16],"This":[17],"paper":[18],"derives":[19],"distribution":[21],"functions":[22],"of":[23,73,97],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[24],"ratios":[25],"at":[26,77,130],"Bob":[27,78],"and":[28,93,114],"Eve":[29],"with":[30,64,92,110],"Rician":[31],"fading":[32],"channels,":[33],"which":[34],"is":[35],"used":[36,79],"to":[37,87,105],"calculate":[38],"secrecy":[40,61],"outage":[41,62],"probability":[42,63],"for":[43,80],"different":[44,111],"Eve\u2019s":[45,98],"locations.":[46],"Then,":[47],"can":[51,120],"be":[52,121],"determined":[53],"in":[54],"two-dimensional":[56],"plane":[57],"by":[58,124],"comparing":[59],"threshold.":[66],"Based":[67],"on":[68],"this,":[69],"two":[70],"optimization":[71],"problems":[72],"beamforming":[75,128],"vector":[76,129],"transmitting":[81],"artificial":[83],"noise":[84],"are":[85,103],"constructed":[86],"expand":[88],"region,":[91],"without":[94],"knowledge":[96],"location,":[99],"respectively.":[100],"Simulation":[101],"results":[102],"provided":[104],"depict":[106],"antenna":[112],"numbers,":[113],"illustrate":[115],"that":[116],"effectively":[122],"expanded":[123],"using":[125],"optimized":[127],"Bob.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}